Conclusions

LCM is an integrated concept to assist in activities managing the total life-cycle of structures to realize sustainability.The following are concluding remarks in this paper:

(1)For doing infrastructure management,planning,design,execution,and use stages should be well coordinated,in which necessary information should be shared and transferred among the lifecycle stages.

(2)During LCM,sustainability should be well considered to formulate the scenario.Structural performance can be included in the sustainability concept.

(3)It is necessary to well consider the balance between the safety redundancy that should be considered as social sustainability and other sustainability indicators in terms of economic and environmental aspects.

(4)A concrete structure inherently has a long life when it is well designed,executed,and maintained.It can achieve longer life with proper LCM,which will result in realizing sustainability.

Based on the concept and framework of the life-cycle management presented in this paper,International Standard,ISO/DIS 22040 Life cycle management of concrete structures is now in progress of development at ISO Technical Committee 71 Concrete,reinforced and pre-stressed concrete.It is expected to be published as ISO in 2021.