5.常见信件类型

5.常见信件类型

投诉（抱怨）_信

无论是正式的还是非正式的投诉或抱怨信，其内容主要包括：开篇点明所投诉的事件或物品，阐述出现的具体问题及其带来的不便，客气而坚定地建议解决办法和期望早日解决问题。

•常用句

1)I feel forced to write this letter to express my dissatisfaction with…

2)To my great disappointment，…

3)This new product turned out to be completely useless after its first trial.Surely it is a matter of poor quality.

4)Therefore，I am writing the letter to express my strong disappointment at/complaint about/dissatisfaction with this unpleasant shopping travelling/dining/…experience.

5)Who wouldn't be anger and frustrated while receiving such disagreeable/distasteful/displeasing/product/service/meal with both…and…/without either…nor…

6)As an old customer，I demand that you replace this questionable iron with a new one.

7)Or I hope that you can refund me immediately，as you have caused so much trouble to me.

8)I do hope that a timely response can be made to solve my problem soon.

9)I suggest that you either should…or should….

10)Otherwise，I will definitely discourage myself from visiting/having dinner and raise a low-rating/low-grading in terms of…

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Dear________，

As（介绍身份），I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a strong complaint about（问题物品或事件）.

The reason for my intense dissatisfaction is that（问题概括）.In the first place，（具体问题1）.In addition，（具体问题2）.Under these circumstances，I find it frustrating/disappointing to（带来不便或影响）.

I appreciate it very much if you could（提出建议1），or（提出建议2）.I would like to have this matter settled properly by（问题解决时间）.

Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

范文

范文1

Directions：Suppose you got a wrong product from an online shopping center.Write a letter to file a complaint.You should

1)tell the manager about the fact，and

2)ask for compensation.

Dear Sir or Madam，

I am writing this letter to you to express my deep regret that I got the wrong laptop with a brand unknown to me.

I have to say that your wrong delivery brought me great inconvenience and caused a great loss due to the fact that I planned to bring the laptop with me to Hong Kong tomorrow.The computer with the right brand is very important to me in the following days.

Please figure out an immediate solution to the problem and make proper compensations.

Looking forward to your reply!

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

范文2

Directions：Last Sunday，you ate at a restaurant and found a fly in one of the dishes you ordered.Write a letter of complaint to the manager of the restaurant and offer your suggestions on this problem.Dear manager，

I was a customer at your restaurant last Sunday.I am writing to you to complain about the incident that happened that day，calling for your immediate attention to the matter.

It shocked me when I found a fly in a dish in the middle of our meal.I could hardly bear it.I felt sick.If it happens again，I am convinced that no one will come to eat there anymore.It is advisable for you to clean up your kitchen as soon as possible.

Please give me your immediate attention to this matter.

Sincerely yours，

Li Ming

范文3

Directions：Suppose you have bought a brand-new computer in a dealer's office.But much to your disappointment，it could not be normally operated when you got it back.Write a letter to the manager，

1)launching your complaints，

2)and proposing solutions.Dear Sir or Madam，

I must write this letter to you，trying to complain about the computer I bought in your store yesterday afternoon.There's something wrong with it.That makes me extremely annoyed.

The computer could not be properly shut down when I got it back home.However hard I tried to click the shutdown button，the machine gave no response.And I feel awfully distressed.

It's obvious that you didn't carefully examine the machine before you sold it to me.I don't think that your store takes full responsibility for selling a high quality product.I insist you give me a satisfactory reply.I do want you to make some compensation for this computer，for example，giving back my money.

Sincerely yours，

Li Ming

询问信

向有关机构或个人询问信息或建议的书信称作询问信，内容包括自我介绍、说明意图、询问内容、急切心情、感谢关注和期待回复，其中以询问内容为主体部分。询问信的语气通常比较正式、和缓，要充分表达感激之情，多用一些能够起到提问作用的陈述句或疑问句。

•常用句

1)I am writing to ask for information about…

2)I'd like to know if…

3)I'd like to know some information about…

4)I would very much appreciate if you could let me know the detailed information about…　

5)I would be highly grateful/appreciative if you could…

6)Could you possibly let me know whether…

7)Would you please explain/clarify…

8)Could you send me some information/materials about…

9)I'd also like some help/information on…

10)It would be greatly appreciated if you could provide me with…

11)I would be grateful to receive a prompt reply.

12)Your immediate response is enthusiastically expected.

13)I am looking forward to your due attention and quick response.

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Dear________，

I am（介绍身份）.I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding（要询问的内容）.

First of all，I was wondering if you could offer me some information/guidance in terms of（第一个询问点）.Besides，when it comes to（第二个询问点），I would be highly grateful if you could provide me with some guidelines.Then，if it is not too much trouble for you，I really hope that you could enlighten me on（第三个询问点）.

Your attention to this letter is highly appreciated and could you be so kind as to send me a response to the above-mentioned aspects?

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

范文

范文1

Directions：Suppose you want to study at a certain foreign university.Write a letter to:

1)ask about the situations there.

2)ask about qualifications，requirements and fees.Dear Sir or Madam，

I am a student from Beijing，China.I want to apply for admission into your university next term，and I would be grateful if you would be kind enough to provide me with certain information.

First，it would be highly appreciated that you could kindly give me a brief introduction to your university，because I want to have a general understanding of it.Second，what qualifications do I need to be enrolled by your university?I already have a bachelor's degree from Beijing University，but I wonder if there are any further academic requirements.Third，how much are the tuition fees?Do you have any scholarships available for international students?I look forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

范文2

Directions：Suppose you have trouble with English study and are in need of some advice from Professor Wang.Write a letter to him to

1)state your present problems，and

2)ask for an interview with him.

Dear Professor Wang，

I am a student of yours from the English Department.I'm writing the letter to seek some advice from you regarding my English study.

My present problems with my English are as follows.Firstly，I have trouble with reading comprehension，although I have a large vocabulary.In the second，in spite of my efforts，I still find it hard to organize the logic of the composition very well.Lastly，I am anxious for some advice on how to improve spoken English as soon as possible.

I would appreciate it a lot if you are kind enough to schedule an interview with me.Looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

范文3

Directions：Suppose you are going to be a postgraduate student in Wuhan University.Write a letter to a professor there to

1)tell him about your plan for future academic studies，and

2)ask for advice about how to get prepared for the study there.Dear Professor Li，

I am sorry to bother you.As one of your future students，I am writing this letter to you to tell you that I have passed the entrance exam and planning to further my study of Chemistry in Wuhan University next year.It is going to be a great honor for me if I can be your student.

Now，I am wondering about how to get well prepared for my future academic studies of Chemistry.Would you please provide me with some suggestions by recommending some academic materials for me，dear Professor?

The new year is around the corner，so please accept my best wishes of a happy new year!

Yours respectfully，

Zhang Wei

范文4

Directions：Suppose yesterday you were told that there was going to be a seminar sponsored by a newspaper.The discussion is centered upon juvenile psychology.You want to make your presentation during the seminar，and now write a letter to the editor-in-chief of the paper.Write a letter to

1)inquiry about relevant information，and

2)give a brief account of your expertise and express of your interest.To whom it may concern，

I take the liberty to inquire about some info as regards the seminar held by your newspaper.I want to know the place and date of the discussion，so I can arrange my schedule for the meeting.Once a social worker，I've had great experience with kids and teenagers，and I've a sound knowledge of juvenile psychology.Besides，I've written dozens of papers about how to raise their creativity and motivation.I'm much interested in the discussion because I intend to share my opinions with other experts.I'll be pretty grateful if you can give me a reply at your earliest convenience.

Sincerely yours，

Li Ming

道歉信

在因为疏忽、过失等给别人带来了麻烦或损失后，应写道歉信给对方表示你对这件事情的遗憾和歉意。道歉信的内容通常包括表示歉意、解释原因、提出补偿方式、请求谅解。语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实。解释原因时，要突出当时你的疏忽，而并非有意为之。最后要给出积极合理的补偿方式，表示你的诚意，并可适当承诺下次一定竭力避免同样事情的发生。

•常用句

1)I feel really sorry to you for…2)I must apologize to you for…

3)I am terribly/awfully sorry that…

4)It is thoughtless/inconsiderate of me to do…

5)I am afraid what I have done has caused many inconveniences to you.

6)I would like to express my deepest apology/regret for not being able to…

7)Please accept my sincere apology for…

8)I want you to know how badly I feel about…

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Dear________，

I'm writing to express my sincere apology to you for（道歉原因）.I sincerely hope that you can understand that I wouldn't disappoint you intentionally.

In fact，the reason why I won't make it is that I have been（解释原因1）.Besides，（解释原因2）.However，had I given more thoughts to it，I would have not ended up causing you so much trouble.I really hope that you would give me another opportunity to make up for you.How about（提出建议）？

Once again，I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Hope you would understand my situation and accept my apologies.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

范文

范文1

Directions：Suppose you have already had a date with your friend but suddenly have another thing to do and you have to tell your friend that you can't go.Write a letter to him/her to 1)express your apology，and 2)state your reasons.

Dear Li Ming，

I am excessively sorry to tell you that I won't be able to come this afternoon because I have to go to the airport at 2:00 p.m.to meet an overseas visitor from Australia.

I really have kept our date in my mind all these days.However，I received my boss'email this morning，and he asked me to go to the airport to meet one of his friends from abroad.It's sudden and urgent and I must go.

Would you please ring me up to make another time?We may meet again and I hope to see you soon.I'm sorry for any inconvenience caused.Please forgive me.

Sincerely，

Zhang Wei

范文2

Directions:Suppose you have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob，your landlord there.Write him a letter to

1)make an apology，and

2)suggest a solution.

Dear Bob，

I have returned to China safe and sound yesterday.I am writing this letter to make an apology to you for my careless action.

During my stay in Canada，I borrowed a music CD from you since I intended to learn some English songs for the Winter Olympic Games to be held in next January.But when I unpacked my luggage last night，I found that I had forgotten to return the CD to you.I feel quite sorry.

Would you please inform me of your new address in detail and the zip code so as for me to return the CD to you by EMS?I apologize to you for any inconvenience that is caused by my carelessness.

Sincerely yours，

Li Ming

范文3

Directions:Suppose you are Li Ming.One week ago，you borrowed a book from your teacher Mr.Smith，which is very important to him.But to your disappointment，you lost the book.Now you want to write a letter of apology to

1)express your apology，and

2)make up for it.

Dear Mr.Smith，

I am terribly sorry to tell you that I have lost the valuable book which you were so kind to lend me seven days ago.I have been reading it，and intended to finish it next week.But，when I came back from school last night，it was nowhere to be found.

Old books are like old friends，and once lost，they can hardly be replaced.So，I will try to recover it as soon as possible.If I fail to find it，I will get a new book for you.But I know that it can never take the place of the old one.They are connected with cherished associations that the new ones can never have.

I am deeply apologetic about the book and I really hope I could somehow make up for it.

Yours truly，

Li Ming

范文4

Directions:Suppose you are to inform Mrs.Benton that you will have to break the dinner engagement.Write a letter to

1)make an apology，and

2)state your reasons

Dear Mrs.Benton，

I'm so sorry to have to write you this letter!After accepting your kind invitation for dinner on Tuesday，May the fifth，I now find that I cannot be there after all.

I have just been called to Shanghai on business.Although I tried hard to put off the trip until after May the fifth，I was unable to do so.The Office Head told me that the business tour was quite urgent.A company in Shanghai threatened to discontinue buying the products we make.I was required to negotiate with it about the matter.

I had been looking forward with great pleasure to seeing you，and I now feel very bad about this unexpected incident.I hope that you understand me and that we'll meet in the near future.

Sincerely yours，

Li Ming

建议信

建议信是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告，以便让对方接受自己的想法、主张并解决有关问题的应用文。建议信的内容主要包括写信（建议）的原因、建议的内容和提出建议的理由。建议的语气一定要得体，既要委婉礼貌，又要有说服力。

•常用句

1)I'm glad to receive your letter asking me how to/asking for my advice on…

2)In response to your asking for advice，I want to exchange some experience with you about how to better…

3)I am writing to share some advice with you.

4)Here are some tips/suggestions to help you with…

5)Firstly，before we actually get down to…，it's advisable for us to get full comprehension of…

6)Secondly，we are also supposed to…and then…

7)I think you can make it if you follow the advice below.

8)In my personal opinion，it would be wise of you to take the following action.

9)It should be a good idea to do…

10)I think it would be more helpful if you could do…

11)In my personal opinion，it would be wise of you to do…

12)I would like to take the opportunity to express my appreciation for your kind assistance as always.

13)I will be more than happy to see your improvements in…

14)I hope you will find these suggestions useful.

15)I would be ready to discuss this matter with you about further details.

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Dear________，

You have asked me for my advice with regard to（话题），and I will try to provide some conductive suggestions here.

In my humble opinion，the following pieces of advice are worthy of your adequate consideration.Firstly，I'm convinced that it's advisable for you to（建议1）.Besides，in my personal opinion，it would also be wise of you to（建议2）.Also，I think it would be at your great benefit if you would（建议3）.

I hope you will find these proposals useful，and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you to further details.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

范文

范文1

Directions：Suppose you are a university student.Write a letter to your university library，making suggestions for improving its service.

Dear Sir/Madam，

I am a student in this university who regularly comes to the library to spend my spare time.Generally speaking，the services you offer here are quite good；however，I have some suggestions for your further improvement.And I would like to extend my greatest appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration.

To begin with，will you please prolong the time for reading?In the daytime，most of the students are having class，so they can't come to the library.Moreover，some of the books on shelves are out of date.If you are so kind as to provide us some books such as the latest magazines，we will be very grateful.

I really wish to have a more comfortable library.Thank you for your time and consideration.

Sincerely yours，

Li Ming

范文2

Directions：Suppose you have a friend who is about to enter university，and he wants you to advise him on which subject to specialize in—history，in which he is very interested，or computer science，which offers better job prospects.Write him a letter to

1)give your suggestions，

2)and explain the reasons.Dear Li Ming，

You have asked me for my advice concerning/regarding whether you should study history or computer science at university，and I will try to make some useful/practical/conducive suggestions/proposals/recommendations.

You must keep in your mind that，above all，your university training is a preparation for your future career.There is no doubt that the field of computer science offers far wider job opportunities than history.Besides，for the foreseeable future，not only will it be necessary for everyone to be computer literate，it will also be of necessity to be equipped with computer skills merely to earn a living.Of course，I would recommend that you keep up your reading of history in your spare time.

Yours sincerely，

Zhang Wei

范文3

Your friend from America intends to further his study in China.Write a letter to

1)express your warm welcome，and

2)offer some suggestions on his future life in China.Dear my friend，

I am very happy to learn that you are going to fresher your study in China.I am writing to you to express my warm welcome and provide you with some suggestions.

There is no doubt in saying that a solid knowledge of Chinese language is a precondition for living in China.So please enhance your Chinese speaking ability as possible as you can.I can email you some learning materials if you need them.More importantly，in order to quickly adapt yourself to the new environment，you'd better familiarize yourself with some cultural differences in China，which can be very beneficial to your friend-making in China.

I am looking forward to seeing you!

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

求职信

•常用句

1)I saw your advertisement for the position in…and I would like to apply for it.

2)I'm thoroughly experienced in this field.

3)Thank you for considering this application and I shall be much obliged if you'll offer me an opportunity for an interview.

4)I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of job you are advertising.

5)I am keen to apply for a job vacancy with your company.

6)I feel that I am competent to meet the requirements as specified.

7)I wish to apply for a position with your company as a manager.

8)A resume giving details of my qualifications and experience is attached.

9)I have attached a resume outlining my qualifications and experience.

10)I would be happy to attend an interview at any time convenient to you.

11)I'm enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference.

12)I have enclosed a copy of my resume，which will show my background.

13)I shall be much obliged if you will afford me an opportunity for an interview.

14)I am available for an interview any moment.Please contact me at…

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Dear Sir or Madam，

I write this letter to apply for the position of（职位）that you have advertised on your company's website.With my corresponding educational background and（专业）-related working experience，I am confident in my ability of doing great contribution for your company.

To prove my competence for the job，I want to make a short list of my qualifications making me a well-qualified candidate.For one thing，（优点1）.For another，（优点2）.

Should you grant me a personal interview，I would be most grateful.If you need to know more about me，please feel free to contact me at any time at（电话/微信/邮件/QQ）.Thank you for considering my application，and I am looking forward to meeting you.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

范文

范文1

Directions：Suppose you are a senior who comes across a want advertisement in Beijing Today for accounting manager assistants.Write a letter to 1)apply for the position，and 2)provide your qualifications.Dear Sir or Madam，

As a senior majoring in accounting，I am much interested in the position of accounting manager assistant advertised by your company.Therefore，I am writing to you to apply for the position in response to your recruitment advertisement.With my corresponding educational background and accounting-related working experience，I am confident in my ability of doing great contribution for your company.

To prove my competence for the job，I want to make a short list of my qualifications making me a well-qualified candidate.For one thing，I have accumulated adequate profound knowledge and practical skills in the field of accounting.For another，I used to work as a part-time accounting assistant for 1 year and now I've been in my internship as an accountant for 6 months.

I really hope that you could give some thoughts to my application and will be greatly honored to have an opportunity of interview.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

范文2

Directions：Suppose you are a college student and you intend to work part time during your vacation.Write a letter to

1)apply for a post，and

2)introduce yourself.

Dear Sir/Madam，

I wish to apply for the position for a part-time assistant during the coming summer vacation.

I am a student of Peking University，and I feel that my qualifications and work experience make me a suitable candidate for the job.I have a fair mastery of English，Japanese and French.As for experience，I worked part time as a waiter in a Pizza Hut.Therefore，I am confident that you will find my service satisfactory.Incidentally，could you please inform me of the rate of payment?

I hope you will take my application into consideration favorably and entitle me to an interview at your convenience.

I am looking forward to your reply and eventually，meeting you.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

范文3：推荐信

申请信可以看成推荐自己的信，因此通过将第一段的“自己”转换成“他人”，就可以把申请信转化成推荐他人的信。

Directions:Suppose Cheng Lin wants to apply for a new job and you are her pre-supervisor，who is a department manager in Youda Trade Company.Write a letter to

1)recommend Cheng Lin，and

2)introduce Cheng Lin.

Dear Sir/Madam，

It is with a great pleasure that I recommend to you Ms.Cheng Lin for working in your company.I am a department manager in Youda Trade Company and Ms.Cheng had been worked in my department for nearly three years.

As her direct supervisor，I have a good understanding in her working ability.She was very careful and sensitive to figures.Her monthly statistics and report forms were always the best of the company.During her work，she has proved to be industrious，responsible and skillful.

I recommend her without reservation and believe you will find her a helpful and responsible staff member.If you need any further information about her qualification，please do not hesitate to contact me.

Sincerely yours，

Li Ming

邀请信

Dear________，

There will a（内容）at/in（地点）on（时间）.We would be honored to have you there with us.

The occasion will start at（具体时间）.This will be followed by a（进一步的安排）.At around（时间），（另一个安排）.

I really hope you can make it.RSVP before（通知你的最后期限）.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

范文

Dear Prof.Tong，

On Tuesday，November 29th，we are planning to have a reception to celebrate the anniversary of our department and want to invite you to be the guest of honor on this occasion.

You have distinguished yourself in the English teaching，and have written many best-sellers on American literature.Therefore you are requested to make a speech to our faculty and students and answer some questions they put forward.

We shall all be delighted as well as honored if you can find time to spend one day with us.I will send further details as soon as I hear from you.I hope that you will accept this invitation.

Sincerely yours，

Li Ming

感谢信

•常用句

1)I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for…

2)I am writing to show my sincere appreciation for…

3)I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for…

4)I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks for…

5)I feel deeply indebted to you and I really don't know how to thank you enough for your help.

6)I must thank you again for your generous help.

7)I am most grateful for your selfness donation.

8)My true gratitude is beyond the word's description.

9)I feel most obliged to thank you once more.

10)Please accept my gratitude，now and always.

11)I must thank you again for your generous help.

12)Please accept my deepest gratitude.

13)I take this opportunity to express my deep appreciation of your kind help you rendered me.

14)It was kind and generous of you to do this for me，and I appreciate it more than I can say.

15)Words fail me when I want to express my gratitude to you.

16)Again，I would like to express our warm thanks to you.

•模版一则

Dear John，

I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude.I am referring to that（感谢原因）.If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid and taking me to a nearby hospital，I fear that（可能产生的不好结果）.

Thanks to your support，（感谢具体理由1）.Truly，your kindness made it much easier for me to（感谢具体理由2）.

I feel obliged to thank you again and wish you all the best.（再次感谢）

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

范文

范文1

Directions：Suppose you just spent your summer holidays in Tom's hometown.Tom's home is at a small and quiet countryside.Now，you are going to write him a letter of thanks for all he and his family did for you during your stay there.

Dear Tom，

I'm writing to tell you how much I'm grateful for all you and your family did for me during my stay in your hometown.I really enjoyed the summer holidays at your farm.That's a delightful stay I've ever experienced.Everything's just perfect:the sunshine，the fresh air，the clean and blue sky，the beautiful flowers，and the quiet nights and cheerful mornings.I've never before enjoyed such beautiful nature.

Moreover，your home is wonderful，your meals delicious，and your little dog lovely，and I enjoyed the fun and hospitality.I'm still recalling everything in your hometown and hoping to visit your family again.

Remember me to your parents.

All the best.

Yours，

Li Ming

范文2 Directions：Suppose after being involved in an accident，you were sent to a hospital by another person.Write a letter to express your thanks.Dear John，

I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude.I am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day，when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi.If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid and taking me to a nearby hospital，I fear that the consequences might have been much more serious.

The doctor says that my broken leg is healing well，and the bruises and cuts I suffered will soon be completely better.In addition，the taxi company has agreed to pay my hospital bills.Everyone agrees that it was your quick-wilted response in the emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.

Although nowadays many people talk about the need to be unselfish and to help others，we see very few people practicing what they preach.But you showed by your selfless action that you are an exception.If there were more people like you，this world would be a much nicer place.Thank you again for your kind assistance.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

通知/告示

通知类文体主要用于说明或者传达某件事情、某项活动等，重在言简意赅。一般通知类文体都需要写标题，如果是关于活动的通知，需要说明活动的内容、时间、地点、参加人员范围以及其他必要细节，在告示结尾一般需要写上贴出告示的单位或者个人。通知内容主要包括活动目的、活动安排、活动时间和地点、活动的意义、参加方式和鼓励参加等。

•常用句

1)This activity is organized with the purpose of improving…

2)Our class is scheduled to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help and here are some details.

3)The charity sale will be organized in front of our major teaching building on this weekend.

4)One would be definitely regretful if he missed such a great opportunity to make individual contribution to…

5)All of you guys are strongly encouraged to participate in this meaningful social program.

6)Our university is scheduled to host a summer camp for high school students，and some major activities will be organized in the program.

7)To let this activity go smoothly，the school is calling for volunteers to be a part of this meaningful activity.

8)Actually，we are looking for responsible candidates who are willing to build effective communications with the new arrivals.

9)Indeed，participants will find it well worth the effort to invest part of the precious vacation time in this summer camp.

10)Those graduate students who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before February 1.

11)You can file a written application to our staff office or email us via 75766545＠qq.com.

12)The deadline for entries is January 14.Come on，join us now!

•模版一则

Notice/Volunteers Needed

To improve students'ability and enrich extracurricular activities（活动目的），the Postgraduate Association is recruiting volunteers for an international conference on globalization to be held on December 9，2010 in Beijing（活动时间和地点）.To begin with，applicants should have Chinese nationality，a strong professional spirit，cheerful personality and be aged under 35（要求1）.In addition，candidates must have outstanding skills at English listening comprehension and the ability to speak Chinese and English fluently（要求2）.Finally，students with relevant professional experience are preferred（要求3）.Those graduate students who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before February 1，2010（参加方式）.Everybody is welcome to join in it（鼓励参加）.

Postgraduate Association

范文

范文1

Suppose the Students'Union of English Department will hold an English speech contest.You are required to write a poster through which students and teachers can be informed of the event.The poster should include

1)schedule of the contest，

2)and other details.

ENGLISH SPEECH CONTEST

An English speech contest will be held on Monday，September 13 at the auditorium under the auspices of the Students'Union of English Department.

Anyone who wishes to participate:idiomatic pronunciation and fluent expression are certainly required.Prepare the speech whatever the topic about 5—8 minutes.Please enroll your name before this Friday at the Office of Students'Union.Six distinguished professors from English department have been invited to work as judges，who will give you valuable advice and suggestions for you.

The first three winners will be recommended to take part in the Provincial English Speech Contest in October on behalf of our university.All are welcomed to be present at the contest to cheer the contestants.

The English Department

September 4，2017

范文2

Directions：Suppose you are in charge of English Club.Write a notice to recruit members.

Welcome to English Club

Welcome to English Club!It could serve as a platform to show your outstanding abilities and help you develop a range of great skills.

You can be involved in a variety of activities including staging musical dramas，holding group discussions，watching Oscar-winning movies，and so on.These after-class activities could offer you ample opportunities.First，your active participation is helpful to strengthening the sense of responsibility and managing interpersonal relations.Second，various activities organized by us could raise your level of proficiency in English.A good command of English empowers you to enjoy decided competitive edge over your peers.

You can file a written application to our staff office or email us via 75766545＠qq.com.The deadline for entries is January 14.Come on，join us now!

English Club

范文3

Directions：Suppose you are a secretary of the English Department of X University.Write a notice to inform the teachers and students of this department of a lecture on cross-cultural studies.

Notice

There is going to be a lecture，titled“Across Cultures:Digital Media and Literate Activity”，in the meeting room of the English Department from 9:00 a.m.to 11:00 a.m.on Monday，July 11th.The lecture will be given by Professor Robert Johnson，who is from the Department of English Literature of University of Pennsylvania.Professor Johnson is known for his unique probing of the many connections between literate activity and new information technologies.He will present，in his humorous style，the relation he found between culture and technological development，which you surely will enjoy very much.All the teachers and students are welcome to attend this lecture.

English Department

•其他类型的小作文

辞职信

Dear Mr.Wang，

I am much grateful to be employed by you two months ago as an editor for your magazine Design＆Fashions.I appreciate the opportunity of having worked here with you and other colleagues.The experiences will be unforgettable throughout my life.

However，as a young man whose primary interest is in computer science rather than fashion designing，I find my present job doesn't fall in with my previous training and strength.I therefore decide to quit this job for something else that may conform to my former preparation.

Please accept my sincere apologies for any inconvenience my leaving may cause.

Yours truly，

Li Ming

备忘录

Memo

To:The Principal

From:Secretary Li Hua

Date:2008-1-16

Subjeet:International Teaching Methodology Forum

Dear Sir，this memo is to remind you the International Teaching Methodology Forum you are scheduled to attend at 8:30 tomorrow morning in the Lecture Hall of our university.There are three important activities you have to perform in the meeting.At 8:30 a.m.，you are going to declare the opening of the meeting and then represent the distinguished international guests.At 9:30 a.m.，you are going to give a talk at a discussion group in No.2 lecture hall in the library.At 6:00 p.m.，you are scheduled to give a toast at the banquet，held at Xinhua Hotel.

祝贺信

Dear Zhang Hong，

Last week，I was delighted to learn that you were admitted to the graduate school of Cambridge University.I am writing to you to express my heartfelt congratulation.

Your remarkable achievement is the result of your painstaking efforts and perseverance.The word“Never say die”has been your motto since our middle school days.You are a girl of conviction and have been my example.You are the pride of our class.

I hope that you will make great academic progress and successfully get your MS degree in Cambridge.Again，please accept my sincere congratulation.

Sincerely yours，

Li Ming

邀请函

Dear Dr.King，

The Department of Computer Science of Beijing University would like to extend to you an invitation to be our guest speaker at the annual conference，which will be held at the speech hall of our department at nine o'clock，Saturday morning，May 11th，2006.

As you know，the department is interested in the future development of the computer science.Since you are a quite well-known expert in this field，we know your views will be extremely interesting and thought-provoking to us all.

You will receive further details later，but we would appreciate having your response soon so we may complete our agenda.

Cordially，

Li Ming

演讲稿

Ladies and gentlemen，

First of all，I'd like to express my heart felt gratitude to all of you present for your coming to the discussion.

As you know，a man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps；for there is a companionship of books as well as of men.And one should always live in the best company，whether it might be of books or of men.

A good book may be among the best of friends.It is the most patient and cheerful of your companions.It does not turn its back upon us in time of adversity or distress.It always receives us with the same kindness，amusing and instructing us in youth，and comforting and consoling us in age.

I sincerely hope our discussion will be a success.Thank you.

拒绝信

Dear Tom，

I am overjoyed to have received the invitation to your birthday party.It is really nice of you to think of me for such a pleasant occasion.However，it is really depressing that I may not be able to attend it.

I will be coincidentally unavailable on that day.One of my overseas friend will come to visit me and the problem is that he will stay here for only one day.Though I myself like to attend the party very much，I am also expected to stay with him.Thinking that it is easier for us to see each other in future，I hope you will kindly accept my choice.

I am really sorry that I can not enjoy the party.I would like to，however，say“Happy Birthday”in advance and to express my best regards for your brighter future life.

Cordially yours，

Li Ming

请假信

Dear Prof.Lewis，

I caught a bad cold last night.I am having a fever and still lying in bed.I took the temperature and it read 40℃.A doctor was sent for this morning.He gave me some medicine and advised a rest of three days.

I am writing to you to ask for sick leave.I cannot attend your linguistics lecture on Wednesday and Friday.I will ask my classmate Zhang Hong to lend her notebook to me in order that I make up the missed lesson.

Enclosed is the Doctor's Certificate of Advice.

Sincerely yours，

Li Ming

辞职信

Dear Mr.Green，

I am sorry to inform you by this letter that I plan to resign from my present job next month.The main reason is that I will move to Dalian to live there permanently with my family，as Dalian is my hometown.

Looking back upon my six years'experience in this company，I have had a very happy and enjoyable time working here with you and other colleagues.I have received lots of help and have learnt so much from you.Please accept my sincere gratitude，as well as my regret for not being able to work here any longer.

Yours faithfully，

Li Ming

召集信

Dear my fellow citizens，

I am here writing to attract your attention to the fact that thousands of people in Yunnan are suffering from the recent disaster.There is a serious shortage of water，clothes，food and shelters in the disaster area currently.

I sincerely hope that everybody can get actively involved in the donations for those in need.United，we stand；divided，we fall.It is obvious that without our united efforts our siblings can not get out of the trouble easily.Please pay close attention to the donation activity recently.

Looking forward to your participation!

Yours sincerely，

Zhang Wei

历年真题作文

2010年：感谢信＋邀请信

Directions:Suppose you have just come back from the U.S.as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program.Write a letter to your American colleague to

1)express your thanks for his/her warm reception；

2)welcome him/her to visit China in due course.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use“Zhang Wei”instead.

范文1

Dear Bob，

I have just arrived at my home from the airport.As I sit behind the desk，I just want to write a letter to you.I am grateful for your warm reception in this cultural exchange program.You and your family gave me a deep impression.The program is one of the most wonderful memories in my life.

In once talk you said you want to travel in China.Well，you will be welcomed and it will be my pleasure to be your guide.By the way，send me a list and write down the places where you would like to visit.

Please give my best regards to your family.

Yours，

Zhang Wei

范文2

Dear Bob，

Thanks to your support，I had such a wonderful and unforgettable experience of participating in the cultural exchange program.Therefore，I am writing to spread my sincere gratitude to you for your warm reception.Truly，your kindness made it much easier for me to live and work there，letting me enjoy such a rewarding trip.

I know that you've long been interested in Chinese history and culture but haven't been here yet.So it'll be a great honor for me to invite you to come to China.Also，you may send me a list of places you find worth visiting before I can make some arrangements.

I feel obliged to thank you again and wish you all the best.

Yours，

Zhang Wei

2011年：祝贺信＋建议信

Directions:Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted to a university.Write him/her a letter to:

1)congratulate him/her，and

2)give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use“Zhang Wei”instead.

范文

Dear Li Ming，

I'm so glad to hear that you have received the offer from Peking University.Cogratulations!There's nothing surprising，since you have been working hard since childhood.Now seeing you have the opportunity to learn physics in one of the best universities，I feel extremely happy for you.

Well，I want to share some reminders for university life with you.First of all，don't forget your study.Besides，take some time to know more about yourself and make your own decisions.Last，enjoy your life as long as it's under your control.I hope you will have a wonderful time.

Yours truly，

Zhang Wei

2012年：抱怨信

Directions:Suppose you have found something wrong with the electronic dictionary that you bought from an online store the other day.Write an email to the customer service center to

1)make a complaint，and

2)demand a prompt solution.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use“Zhang Wei”instead.

范文

Dear Sir or Madam，

As a customer，I bought an electronic dictionary of your online store the other day and it turned out to be of low quality.Therefore，I am writing to you to express my strong complaint about this unpleasant shopping experience.Definitely，I felt so disappointed when I receive the questionable product with loose buttons and scratched surface.

Being an honest seller，one would have no excuse to justify such a questionable device.Thus，I am demanding that you should provide a prompt and proper solution，by either sending a replacement or refund.Otherwise，I will absolutely no longer visit your online store and raise a low rating for this unpleasant shopping experience.

Here，I am looking forward to your response at your earliest convenience.

Yours truly，

Zhang Wei

2013年：通知（格式是信函，但内容是通知）

Directions:Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help.Write your classmates an email to

1)inform them about the details，and

2)encourage them to participate.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use“Zhang Wei”instead.(10 points)

范文

Dear classmates，

Our class is scheduled to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help and here are some details.First，all kinds of items，including books and clothes，are welcomed to be brought to the sale.Second，the charity sale will be organized in front of our major teaching building on this weekend.

One would be definitely regretful if he missed such a great opportunity to make individual contribution to the kids in need.Therefore，all of you guys are strongly encouraged to participate in this meaningful social program.After all，we should develop a sense of charity by making use of every opportunity to do a bit of good.

It will not be advisable to find excuses to skip the sale and you are all badly expected to be part of it.

Yours，

Li Ming

2014年：询问信

Directions:Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John，a local student.Write him an email to

1)tell him about your living habits，and

2)ask for advice about living there.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use“Zhang Wei”instead.

范文Dear John，

As your would-be roommate，I feel it necessary to let you know about my strong expectation to get along well with you.Therefore，I am writing to tell you that I am truly time-conscious and totally into sports.Not only do I get up early during weekdays for jogging，but also I want to spend some quiet hours reviewing lessons in weekend afternoons.

As you know，it'll be a totally new experience for me to live and study in a foreign country.So，it'll really be helpful that you'll offer me some practical tips about how to make arrangements of my daily study.Also，I really appreciate if you'll give me some guidance about choosing sports programs and participating in social life.

I am looking forward to your response and sending you my best wishes here.

Yours truly，

Zhang Wei

2015年：活动通知

Directions:Suppose your university is going to host a summer camp for high school student.Write a notice to

1)briefly introduce the camp activities，and

2)call for volunteers.

范文

Volunteers Wanted

Our university is scheduled to host a summer camp for high school students，and some major activities will be organized in the program.Firstly，the high school students will be warmly welcomed on the opening day.Second，they will be guided to use the study and sports facilities on campus.Also，they will be offered opportunities to eat in our dining halls.

To let this summer camp go smoothly，the school is calling for volunteers to be a part of this meaningful activity.Actually，we are looking for responsible candidates who are willing to build effective communications with the new arrivals.Indeed，participants will find it well worth the effort to invest part of the precious vacation time in this summer camp.

2016感谢信＋建议信

Directions:Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend，Jack，wrote an email to congratulate you and ask for advice on translation.Write him a reply to

1)thank him，and

2)give your advice.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use“Li Ming”instead.

范文

Dear Jack，

Hi，Jack.I am writing to express my heartfelt appreciation for your congratulation.Definitely，I felt so delighted to receive your encouragement and it means a lot to me.To be sure，I will be committed to polishing my translation skills and hopefully I could get further improved.

In response to your asking for advice，I want to exchange some experience with you about how to better our translation capacity.

Firstly，you should analyze the sentence structure，thus catching the meaning of the sentence.Secondly，find the proper words to translate the meaning of the source language into the target language.Thirdly，revise your stranslation at least three times to check if there are any mistranslations or missed meanings.

I hope my advice helpful.Wish to see you soon.

Yours truly，

Li Ming

2017年：邀请信＋演讲稿

Directions:Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students.Write a reply to

1)accept the invitation，and

2)introduce the key points of your presentation.

Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter.Use“Li Ming”instead.

范文

Dear Professor Williams，

It is of great honor and gratitude to receive your invitation to introduce Chinese culture to foreign students.Definitely，I'm willing to accept this invitation since I always take pride in spreading our cultural treasure.Undoubtedly，I will be fully committed to preparing for the presentation to make full use of this cultural exchange opportunity.

As for the key elements，my presentation will initially concentrate on the origins and customs of our traditional festivals.Then，I will explain the conventional values and beliefs through highlighting Confucius and his books.Last，exemplified by Chinese food，tea and Kungfu，numerous aspects will be touched on to illustrate the diversity of Chinese culture.

Thank you again for your invitation and I will later send you the full version of my presentation once I have it finished.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

2018年：道歉信

Directions:Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit Professor Smith.Write him an email to

1)apologize and explain the situation，and

2)suggest a future meeting.

Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter.Use“Li Ming”instead.

范文Dear Prof.Smith，

I would like to offer my sincerest apologies because I have to cancel my trip to go to Shanghai and therefore I won't be able to visit you as I planned.

I really have kept our meeting in my mind all these days.However，I received my father's email this morning，and he asked me to go to the airport to meet one of his friends from abroad this Sunday.It's sudden and urgent so I must go.I hope that you will consider rescheduling.I'd like to go to Shanghai at your convenience，to a location closer to your school.

Please let me know which day might work for you.I will be certain to be more mindful of my planning process this time.I sincerely hope that you can understand that I wouldn't disappoint you intentionally.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

模拟测试

练习1

Directions:Suppose Zhang Li，a classmate of yours，suffered from a serious illness.Write a letter to your classmates

1)call on the students to help her，and

2)tell them how to help her.

参考答案

Dear fellow classmates，

As you may know，Zhang Li has suffered from a serious heart attack and is now staying in hospital.Truly，she's in great need of financial assistance to continue her medical treatment and therefore I'm calling for your helping hand.In fact，she has already in a very bad condition and every cent from your pocket is important for her life.

If you want to offer your assistance to Zhang Li，please register your name as soon as possible.Zhang Yan will be in charge of collecting the donation and you may get in touch with her by 13688269765.Preferably，you are expected to transfer money by means of We Chat and all the donated money will later be given to the Zhang Li's parents.

Your sympathy，understanding and assistance will be greatly appreciated

Sincerely yours，

Li Ming

练习2

Directions:Suppose Wang Hua，a schoolmate of yours，is going to visit your hometown during the weeklong holiday.Write a letter to him to

1)welcome him，and

2)tell him your arrangements for him.

参考答案

Dear Wang Hua，

I am very glad that you will have a chance to visit my hometown during the holiday.Welcome!Truly，my parents and I just couldn't wait to see you，and we are well prepared for your arrival.Let me know your exact time of arrival，so I can meet you at the station.

To make it a pleasant and meaningful holiday for you，I've made some proper arrangements.Firstly，I suggest that we should spend a couple of days on visiting several famous places of historic interest.Besides，if time permits，we can also go to some world famous shopping malls，such as Wangfujing and Xidan.Beijing can be very cold during this season，so do take care of yourself during your trip.

Sincerely yours，

Li Ming

练习3

Directions:You cannot finish your term paper on time because you joined a school-organized field practice program in Guangzhou.Write a letter to your teacher to

1)make an apology，and

2)suggest a solution to make up the loss

参考答案

Dear Professor Li，

I am well aware that the deadline of our term papers is next Thursday and I am afraid I won't complete mine on time.Thus，I am writing to express my sincere apology to you for my delay in handing in my term paper.In fact，the reason why I won't make it is that I have been preparing for a school-organized program in Guangzhou.

It's obvious that there won't be any so-called good reason to justify the disappointing performance in studies.However，I really hope that you would give me another week to let me finish my work.Definitely，I promise I will complete my term paper within the time allowed.

I want to show heartfelt apology again and I wish you a very happy winter holiday.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

练习4

Directions:The Students'Union wants to recruit young volunteers to tutor the children of disabled parents.Write a notice

1)specify the tasks for volunteers'and

2)designate the time and place or registration.

参考答案

Recruiting Volunteers

The Students'Union is currently planning a social program in which volunteers are needed to tutor some children with disabled parents.The would-be volunteers are，firstly，expected to build effective communication with the children to get to know their problems.Also，the voluntary tutors are supposed to help adjust their psychological development easily affected by their peers.

This is a good opportunity to do some contribution to those in need and accumulate some social experience.You will find us at Room 302 in the teaching building from 5th May to 12th May and we'll be available during the working hours.Don't hesitate to find us for registration or further information.

Students'Union

练习5

Directions:You've been taking a part-time job as a teaching assistant in a training center.Write a letter to your employer to

1)tell him you decide to quit the job，and

2)state your reasons.

参考答案

Dear Sir/Madam，

I have been working here as a teaching assistant for 3 months and accumulated much practical experience.However，I am sorry，by writing，to tell you I have to quit the job for my personal reasons.Here，I want to express my gratitude to training center for providing me with a valuable job opportunity.

I am very regretful to leave this job but some causes really have left me with no other choices.

Firstly，I find myself having difficulty in completing my graduation paper while taking a parttime job.Also，I have made up my mind to further study for my master degree and therefore I will have much preparation work to deal with.

I would like to show my appreciation again and give my best wishes to the training center.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

练习6

Directions:Your friend，Wang Ying，is applying for a job to teach Chinese as a foreign language to Americans.Write him a letter to the school management to

1)recommend him for the job，and

2)provide Wang Ying's good qualites.

参考答案

Dear Sir/Madam，

I have noticed a recruiting ad，posted on the school web，for a job to teach Chinese as a foreign language to Americans.So，I am writing to recommend Wang Ying，a graduate from Beijing Foreign Language University，for the job.To be sure，Wang Ying will prove to be a perfect candidate，who will be totally qualified and competent for the position.

To show he is absolutely fit for the job，I am making a short list of his good qualities.Firstly，his outstanding skills in spoken English will let him build effective communication with potential American students.Also，his rich related teaching experience will help Wang Ying prepare and design practical teaching materials and approaches.

I really hope the school management would take Wang Ying into consideration and kindly check the resume attached to the letter.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

练习7

Directions:Suppose you are Li Ming，a freshman on the campus.You are eager to join some school associations at the university，so you decide to write a letter to President of Students'Union to

1)ask whether you should join some clubs or not，and

2)ask for details about membership requirements.

参考答案

Dear President of the Students'Union，

I am Li Ming，majoring in English Literature at our university.I am writing to you to inquire about some information about whether a freshman can join some clubs or not in his spare time.

I want to take part in some activities，which are so colorful and meaningful that any college student cannot miss for anything.But I don't know much about clubs and their activities.So I'm wondering whether you could send me a list of clubs and what is required on the membership of a candidate.

I would be grateful if you would be so kind as to provide me with certain essential details with regard to the above mentioned aspects.

Yours faithfully，

Li Ming

练习8

Directions:Suppose you are Li Ming and you want to further your study on your major.Write a letter of application to the head of the Registration Department of a university to which you intend to be admitted and the letter should include the following information:

1)a brief account of yourself；

2)your eagerness to study in the university.

参考答案

Dear Sir or Madam，

I'm writing to inquire whether you accept senior visiting scholars from outside the United States.

I'm a vice-professor in the Department of Education at Northeastern Normal University in China，aged 37.I graduated from this university in 1983，majoring in special education，and received a Master Degree in 1986 at the same university.After graduation I have been engaged in teaching at this university and have been doing research in deaf child special education as the leader of the research program.I'd like to prepare myself for further research in this field and I know there has been a tremendous breakthrough in this field at your university led by a group of famous professors in special education.

I'd like you to send me an application form and other relevant information.My documents and references are available on request.

Thank you for your attention!

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

练习9

Directions:After receiving the flowers sent by her intimate friend Iris，Mary writes a letter to show her thanks to Iris.Mary wants to tell the following things:

1)thanks for the lovely flowers；

2)tell Iris her recovery.

参考答案

Dear sir，

As a sales manager，I feel responsible for informing you of the latest obstacles we must overcome.Therefore，I am writing to report that our company is confronted with more，than ever，competitive pressure.Not only are many similar products available in the market，but also our competitors begin to use new marketing strategies to promote their sales figures.

In order to keep and gain more market share，I am offering several suggestions that go against traditional ways of promoting our products.On the one hand，it's advisable that we sponsor some charitable events or activities to build reputations for new products.Also，I suggest that our company should classify target consumers into smaller groups and promote our products accordingly.

I really hope that my proposals could be given careful thought and consideration by the board.

Yours loyally，

Zhang Wei

大作文

1.大作文的文章结构

虽然英语二考试大纲规定大作文为情境作文，包括图表、图片和文字叙述三种情况，但从2010年至2018年一直考查的是图表作文。图表作文结构可参考下面的安排。

段1：描述图表——总分结构1＋2

♦概括图表

♦描述有效数据1

♦描述有效数据2

♦描述有效数据3（可选）

段2：分析原因或拓展话题——总分结构1＋3

♦引出原因

♦分析原因1

♦分析原因2

♦分析原因3（可选）

段3：个人观点——并列结构1＋1

♦观点1

♦观点2

字数控制在180～200字，不宜过多或过少，历年大作文的平均分为7.7分左右。

2.大作文的分类

英语二的大作文可分为“无时间变化的图表作文”和“有时间变化的图表作文”。

大作文从图形上来看可以分为柱状图（column chart）、饼状图（pie chart）、线状图（line chart）和表格（table），但是实际根据数据的特点和描写方式的不同应该将英语二的大作文分成“无时间变化的图表作文”和“有时间变化的图表作文”。

注意：大作文的不同类型只对第一段的写作方式有影响，其余两段的写作方式不受作文的类型限制。

3.无时间变化的图表作文

无时间变化的图表作文又可以具体分为“项目之和为100%”和“项目之和超过100%”两种情况，但这两种情况可以用同一种模版来描写。例题里采用了同一种模版来写这两种情况，但后面的真题范文中采用的则是多种变化的方式来描写。

•无时间变化＋项目和是100%

图表特点

如下面的图例所示，虽然一个是柱状图一个是饼状图，但它们都属于无时间变化的图表作文，并且图表中的四个项目（A、B、C、D）之和为100%。

真题分析

考过的历年真题中2015年、2016年和2018年的属于这种情况。

无时间变化图表的第一段写作模版

In terms of标题[（前置定语） 名词（后置定语）]，the chart（/table）above clearly represents the difference in figures of A，B，C and D（列举或概括）.Evidently，the number/percentage of A ranks the top with a big gap，reaching as high as A值.By comparison，the chart reflects that Band Ctake up the next two levels，with their numbers/percentages being B值and C值separately.

练习1

In terms of customers'dissatisfaction with online shopping，the chart above clearly represents the difference in figures of multiple aspects.Evidently，the percentage of poor qualityranks the top with a big gap，reaching as high as over 40%.By comparison，the chart reflects that misguiding descriptions and disappointing after-sales servicetake up next two levels，with their percentages being nearly 30%and over 20%separately.

练习2

In terms of graduates'choices in a college，the chart above clearly represents the difference in figures of multiple aspects.Evidently，the percentage of hunting for a jobranks the top with a big gap，reaching as high as over 55%.By comparison，the chart reflects that starting a businessand pursuing a master's degreetake up the next two levels，with their percentages being exactly 23%andover 13%separately.

2015年

In terms of citizens'Spring Festival spending in a city ，the chart above clearly represents the difference in percentages of multiple aspects.Evidently，the percentage of hunting for a jobranks the top with a big gap，reaching as high as over 55%.By comparison，the chart reflects that starting a business and pursuing a master's degreetake up the next two levels，with their percentages being exactly 23%andover 13%separately.

2016年

In terms of students'purposes of traveling in a college，the chart above clearly represents the difference in figures of multiple aspects.Evidently，the percentage of sightseeingranks the top with a big gap，reaching as high as 37%.By comparison，the chart reflects that relaxing their pressure and cultivating independence take up the next two levels，with their percentages being exactly 33%and 9%respectively.

无时间变化＋项目和大于100%

真题分析

考过的历年真题中2012年和2014年的属于这种情况。

2012年

In terms of employees'satisfaction with a company ，the table above clearly represents the difference in figures of the staff of multiple age groups.Evidently，the percentage of the stuff above 50，who are satisfied，ranks the top with a big gap，reaching as high as exactly 40%.By comparison，the chart reflects that stuff under 40and employees between 41 to 50，being satisfied，take up the next two levels，with their percentages being under 17%and as low as 0.0%separately.

2014年

In terms of undergraduates'taking part-time jobs ，the chart above clearly represents the difference in figures of students of 4 grades in a college.Evidently，the percentage of senior students，who take part-time jobs，ranks the top with a big gap，reaching as high as nearly 90%.By comparison，the chart reflects that juniorsand sophomores，taking part-time jobs，take up the next two levels，with their percentages being 71.93%and 71.13%separately.

练习3

In terms of students'expectation of salary，the chart above clearly represents the difference in figures of the students with 4 different educational levels.Evidently，the number of doctoral students'anticipation of salary ranks the top with a big gap，reaching as high as over 8,000yuan.By comparison，the chart reflects that postgraduatesand undergraduates'salary expectationstake up the next two levels，with their numbers being over 6,600and exactly 5,500separately.

有时间变化的图表

图表中如果出现年代的变化，那么描述图表的重点就在于项目的数据是“上升”“下降”还是“保持不变”，而常见表示升降的表达可见下方的表格。

表1：动词＋副词（可以自由组合）

表2：a（n）＋形容词＋名词（可以自由组合）

真题分析

考过的历年真题中2010年、2011年、2014年和2017年的属于这种情况。

无时间变化图表的第一段写作模版

In terms of标题[（前置定语）名词（后置定语）]，the chart（/table）above clearly represents the difference in figures of A，B，C and D（列举或概括）.Evidently，the figure of A was on a moderate/significant rise/fall，coming up/down from A开始值to A终点值.By comparison，there was a slight/considerable ascent/descent in the number/percentage of B and the figured increased/decreased by B变化值from the level变化时间years ago.

2010年

In terms of mobile-phone subscriptions ，the chart above clearly represents the dramatic change in figures of developing and developed countries over 9years.Evidently，the number of mobilephone subscribers in developing countries was on dramatic and successive boom，amounting to as high as 4 billion.By comparison，there was a relatively modest rise in the numbers of cellphone users in the rich world and the figured increased by approximatelyhalf a billion from the level 9 years ago.

练习4

In terms of Chinese_oversea_students_in_America，the chart above clearly represents the dramatic change in figures of undergraduates_and_postgraduatesover 8years.Evidently，the number of Chinese undergraduates studying abroad in the USwas on dramatic and successive boom，amounting to as high as 40%.By comparison，there was a drastic drop in the percentage of students who go to America for a master's degree and the figured increased by approximatelyhalf a billion

from the level 8years ago.

练习5

In terms of Chinese domestic tourists'numbers，the chart above clearly shows the difference in figures of urban and rural travellers.Based on the chart，the figure of urban tour-takerswas on a sharp rise，coming up to nearly 220 million.At the same time，there was an apparent increase in the number of rural tourists and the figure came up by 20 million from the level 3years ago.

历年真题第一段范文　

2010年

The chart clearly shows the dramatic difference between developing and developed countries in terms of the rise in mobile-phone subscriptions over 9 years.Based on the chart，in both developed and developing areas，the 9 years span witnessed steady and successive increases.However，with the former figures being barely doubled，the number of mobile-phone users in developing countries has reached 4 billion high.

2011年

The chart clearly shows the dramatic change in domestic auto market shares in terms of home，Japanese and American auto brands from 2008 to 2009.Based on the chart，one year alone witnessed a sharp rise in the market percentage of home-made cars，reaching over 30%.In fact，the gains are mainly from 10% market share loss on the part of Japanese car-makers，with a only slight change in American cars'market performance.

2012年

While reflecting the results of a survey，the table above shows whether a company's employees are satisfied with their workplace.Evidently，64% staff from 41 to 50 have found reasons to be unhappy with their present working condition，making the second age group the most insatiable.And this contrasts with the finding that 40% of respondents over 50 are comparatively more reluctant to express their dissatisfaction in the survey.

2013年

The chart above shows clearly that to what extent college students are enthusiastic about taking part-time jobs in terms of four grades'groups.Based on the data，with the proportion of senior students reaching the top of the list，the percentages of part-time job takers are all over two thirds among the entire undergraduates.Also，it's hard to miss that the higher grades the undergraduates are in，the stronger sense of the necessity they tend to develop as for taking odd jobs.

2014年

The chart above shows clearly that the past two decades has seen a great change in demographic distribution in terms of Chinese rural and urban areas.Based on the chart，the total size of people living in cities is more than doubled，reaching approximately 670 million.Also，it's hard to miss that Chinese people have become almost equally distributed，with rural population percentage being slightly higher.

2015年

The chart above shows how a city's folks divide their Spring Festival budget with regard to transportation fares，social gathering and other aspects.Obviously，the proportion of presents'spending plays the biggest part in the total expense，reaching exactly two fifths.By comparison，average citizens tend to spend two fifths of their total expenses equally on employing necessary transportations and inviting friends to have nice dinners.

2016年同例题中作文　

2017年

In terms of museums and their visitors，the line chart above clearly represents the change/growth in their figures of latest 3 years.Evidently，the number of museums witnessed a successive and substantial ascent，going up from slightly under 4,150 to approximately 4,700.Meanwhile，there was also a noticeable growth in size of museum-goers，with the number experiencing an increase of 0.463 billion from the level 2 years ago.

非模版对比　

Delightfully，the thriving establishment of new museums and their growing appeal to visitors are clearly represented by the line chart featuring the data of the latest 3 years.Comparatively speaking，the growth rate of museum-goers is roughly two times as that of museums，implying the latter's increased attraction or efficiency.With further calculation，we may figure out that both the upward trends actually experience their individual deceleration at approximately 50 percent respectively.

2018年

In terms of choosing restaurants，the pie chart clearly represents the difference in customers'concerned factors through the figures of a city in 2017.According to the given data，the percentage of specialty held the leading position，reaching as high as over a third.By comparison，the chart reflects that restaurant service and dining environment respectively took the second-place and third-place，with their scales arriving at approximately 26% and 27% separately.

非模版范文对比　

While choosing where to eat，a city's diners are looking at factors beyond the price，just as what is shown by a pie chart featuring the data of 2017.Actually，the restaurant consumers are mostly concerned about the special feature of the food they're eating，with the percentage of this factor accounting for over a third of the pie chart.As for other major concerns that consumers take into account，the impact factors of a restaurant's service and environment both take up slightly over 26% respectively.

•大作文第二段

段2：分析原因或拓展话题——总分结构1＋3

♦引出原因

♦分析原因1

♦分析原因2

♦分析原因3（可选）

建议使用的基本句式

1）sb.be adj.to do或sb.be adj.＋介词＋doing

be willing/unwilling/supposed/likely/motivated/…to do

be committed/devoted to doing

be passionate/enthusiastic/optimistic/pessimistic about doing

2)It is adj.for sb./of sb.to do sth.

It is adj.that sb.do…

It is advisable/desirable/understandable for sb.to do…

It is advisable/desirable/understandable that sb.do…

3)It is adj.to see/notice/..that sb.do…

It is common/good/disappointing/reasonable/…to see/find/notice/..that sb.do…

4)Doing sth./Sth.enables/encourages/motivates/drives sb.to do sth.

Doing sth./Sth.stops/discourages/prevent/prohibit sb.from doing sth.

建议使用的因果表达式

1）Since doing…is very rewarding in terms of….，it's well worth the effort for sb.to do so…（结果）

2）Given doing sth.offers sb.opportunities to do sth.（原因），it is reasonable that sb.do…（结果）

3）It's common to see/find/notice/…that sb.do…（原因），which leads to the result that sb.do…（结果）

4）With sb.doing…（原因），it's understandable to find that sb.do…（结果）

5）Being pushed by the factor of..（/that从句）（起因），sb.do…

6)It's understandable to see that sb.do…and therefore sb do…

句中可使用的固定素材范例

为了节省写作时间，可以提前准备一些常见话题的表达素材，在写作中可以直接加入句子。

1)…enjoy the comfort and convenience of diverse electronic gadgets such as smart phones，iPads and

2)…can't turn a blind eye to the indispensable advantages of physical books.

3)Lacking…has proven to be major barrier for sb.to do sth.

4)Through…，sb.could accumulate practical problem-solving skills to pave the way for…

5)The gradual increase in income levels has enabled rising number of people to purchase…

6)It's pleasing to see that increasing students are inclined to develop the consciousness of…

7)Few people would find difficulty in coming up with several major factors contributing to…

8)In my eyes，it's advisable for sb.to do…，in an effort to do….9)It's sb.'s responsibility to maintain a balance between…and…

10)Our government is supposed to feel responsible for taking effective measures to stop the…from worsening/to further boost the development of…

历年真题第二段范文　

2010年

In fact，it's hardly difficult to make a list of factors explaining the rise in new mobile phone subscribers，especially in developing countries.For one thing，technological innovation has equipped mobile phones with new functions while reducing costs，making people more willing to invest in the cheaper and multifunctional devices.For another，given the comparatively larger population base，the increase in income levels in developing countries has given fairly more people easier access to mobile phones.

2011年

Three major factors，in my opinion，can account for the rise of home-made automobiles in domestic car market.First，Chinese car manufacturers have long been committed to improving car-related technologies，leading to the growing nationwide recognition of their brands.Second，it's quite understandable to see that Chinese auto makers are naturally better at launching marketing campaigns especially designed for Chinese customers，winning both applaud and profit.Last，the safety-associated crisis of faith，recently caused by Toyota company，has discouraged many customers from investing their hard-earn money in Japanese vehicles，which are known for being outstandingly energy-saving.

2012年

Three age-related factors would give proper accounts for the big difference reflected by the survey.First，wanting to accumulate working experience drives young employees to value their job opportunities，to improve their practical problem-solving skills and abilities.Plus，middle-age group are more likely to focus more on pays and benefits due to various financial pressures from life，and therefore it's understandably difficult for companies to keep them easily satisfied.However，the sense of job security has driven senior staff to try to keep their present jobs，because they would experience difficulty finding a new one.

2013年

It's not difficult for us to come up with several factors accounting for the current trend.To begin with，the sense of accumulating social and working experience encourages a very large number of students to make economic use of their spare time.Plus，with students taking various jobs related to their majors，they tend to get better understanding of their own interests and therefore make better plans about their future careers.In addition，it's pleasing to see that increasing students are inclined to develop the consciousness of being financially independent，making earlier trial of employment enjoy greater popularity in Chinese colleges.

2014年

While taking several major factors into careful account，few people would feel surprised at the fact demonstrated by the chart.To begin with，the widening gap of income levels encourages rising number of people from countryside to strive to make livings in cities.In addition，it's common to see that majority of college graduates，both of country and city origins，tend to stay in big-sized or medium-sized cities to develop their careers.Also，in pursuit of economic development，the government has been developing large numbers of urban areas into cities and therefore multiply city identities.

2015年

It's not difficult for us to come up with several factors accounting for the statistics.Above all，with people enjoying increased income levels，it's understandable to find that their spending is no longer limited to meeting basic requirements.Moreover，it's common to see that people work or study in areas far from their hometowns，which leads them to spend more on their transportations.Last，since sharing the festival with friends and relatives is very significant for people，it's well worth the money for them to find nice restaurants for reunion.

非模板作文对比　

Several factors would make it clear why these items，instead of basic food and other necessities，take up the citizens'major Spring Festival spending.Firstly，compared with the time when purchasing excess food was the top priority，the increased income levels have enabled people to turn their consumption to other possibilities，like buying families presents.Plus，with people becoming more mobile，they find it necessary to expand their transportation budget by either filling the gas tanks of their own cars or covering expensive express train，even plane fares.Last，the Spring Festival vacation offers people the best opportunities for reunion and therefore they find it well worth the money for them to strengthen the relationships.

2016年

As for the forces associated with students'diverse motivations of taking tours，few would have difficulty in finding some major contributing factors.First and foremost，considering that most students used to be limited to boundaries of their hometowns，it is reasonable that a great number of them are willing to make the most of their holidays to enjoy the attractive sceneries and natural landscapes.What's more，while accumulating much pressure from academic work at school，a considerable proportion of undergraduates are driven to relax their stressful mind and body by traveling.Last，because university years are crucial for the young grown-ups to develop their selfawareness，exploring the outside world would greatly enable themselves to get better prepared to confront the future challenges.

2017年

With thoughtful analysis，some major factors prove to be more associated with the tendency reflected by the line chart.Primarily，considering the progressive urbanization of rural areas and expansion of cities into bigger ones，it's understandable to find that numerous new museums are being planned and built.In addition，being pushed by the factor of increased stress of people at workplaces，it's common to see that rising number of people choose to go to museums to put their minds on art or culture for a while.Moreover，with more museums offering free admission，Chinese residents become more enthusiastic about paying a visit to them when they are available.

2018年

With thoughtful analysis，some major factors prove to be more associated with the tendency reflected by the line chart.Primarily，considering the progressive increase in people's income levels，it's understandable to find that numerous restaurant customers are willing to pay more for elaborately-cooked and pleasantly-provided food with special characteristics.In addition，being pushed by the increased stress people bear at workplaces，it's common to see that rising number of dinners go after a more relaxing and memorable eating atmosphere.Moreover，while expecting an excellent meal，customers also need to feel welcome and be treated with care and respect，driving more restaurant owners to realize that great customer service is essential to their business success.

•大作文第三段

大作文的第三段可采用预测和评价两种方式来展开。

常用句

预测模板

1）一般趋势或向好趋势

In my eyes，the trend related to________________(/the trend that________________)is hardly surprising and will further be pushed by factors discussed above.Therefore，it would be safe to conclude that the tendency is likely to linger on in the forthcoming years.

2）问题将会解决

In my eyes，it's sad to see that the concern related to________________(/the concern that________________)reflected by chart will be further pushed by the major factors discussed above.But I believe that，with combined efforts，it would be gradually and properly handled.

评价模版

In my eyes，it's advisable for sb.to do sth.，in an effort to reap all the benefits discussed above.（/in an effort to…）On the other hand，it's sb.'s duty（/it's at sb.'s interest）to give priority to________.或On the other hand，it's sb.'s duty（/it's at sb.'s interest）to keep a balance between doing sth.and giving priority to________.

历年真题第三段范文　

2010年

In my eyes，economic and technological advance has quickened the digital consumption in general，with mobile phones being the most obvious example.（横向拓展1）And it's safe to conclude the emerging economies will play even a bigger role in both providing and consuming mobile services.（横向拓展2）

2011年

In my eyes，it's advisable for domestic car manufacturers to stick to their self-independent policy，in an effort to maintain the good momentum of development.Besides，it's their obligation to keep a balance between trying to boost the sales figures and investing more in the quality and safety of their vehicles.

2012年

According to my understanding，it's advisable for companies to come up with some effective mechanisms to keep their talents happy，in an effort to improve their efficiency.Besides，it's the employees'responsibility to keep a balance between expecting high salary and benefits and being willing to exert their efforts to boost the profit of their companies.

2013年

According to my understanding，it's advisable for undergraduates to learn the value of hard work while schooling and we will certainly reap all kinds of benefits of employment in advance.On the other hand，we are all supposed to go to great lengths to keep a healthy balance between part-time jobs and our priority of studying in order to achieve greater success in a long term.

2014年

In my eyes，it's good to see that increasing people are able to getting the access to city services，including education，health care and so on.On the other hand，a comprehensive and thoughtful balance，between rural and city development，is supposed to be well kept with an eye to long-term and sustainable social advance.

2015年-1

In my eyes，the new-year-spending-related trend reflected by chart is hardly surprising and will further be pushed by factors discussed above.Therefore，it would be safe to conclude that the tendency is likely to linger on for a long while.

2015年-2

In my eyes，it's advisable for the citizens to make appropriate plans in term of their Spring Festival expense，in the pursuit of enjoying a comfortable and unregretful vacation.On the other hand，it's also wise for them to keep a balance between making the most of the holidays and holding their hard-earned money.

2016年

In my eyes，it's advisable for students to enrich their university experience through going on a long trip，with an eye to making the golden years as rewarding as possible.On the other hand，it's also their responsibility to maintain a balance between entertaining themselves by traveling and being committed to the study.

2017年

预测版

From my understanding，the museum-related trend(/boom)will be further pushed by the factors stressed above.Therefore，it would be safe to conclude that the tendency(associated with the museum prosperity)will be likely to linger on in the years to come.

评价版

From my perspective，it's advisable for people to pay a visit to museums regularly in an effort to acquire enjoyable and worthwhile experiences(/reap the benefits discussed above).Besides，it's the regulators'and architects'responsibility to expand the museums'public service functions to meet diverse needs of their visitors.

2018年

From my perspective，it's advisable for people to dine out regularly in an effort to acquire enjoyable and worthwhile experiences.Besides，it's the restaurant owners'responsibility to create an elegant atmosphere and provide diverse food to meet various tastes of their customers.