M-ANNHEIM Multiple Risk Factors

Based on the assumption that the interaction of multiple risk factors results in most patients with CP，the M-ANNHEIM classification is established.Thus，it is named because the multiple（M）risk factors consist of several possible ones such as alcohol consumption（A），nicotine consumption（N），nutritional factors（N），hereditary factors（H），efferent pancreatic duct factors（E），immunological factors（I），and various rare miscellaneous and metabolic（M）factors（Table 2.2）.

Table 2.2　The M-ANNHEIM multiple risk factor classification of chronic pancreatitis（Schneider et al.2007）(https://www.daowen.com)