Indications

Currently，the consensus opinion on surgical indications can be stated as follows:Surgeries should be considered when（1）abdominal pain is intractable；（2）there are severe complications，such as jaundice due to common bile duct obstruction，duodenal stenosis，portal vein stenosis combined with portal vein hypertension，pancreatic necrosis or pancreatic fistula；（3）pancreatic malignancy is suspected（Yin et al.2012；Forsmark 2013）.(https://www.daowen.com)