十、结论
具有行为障碍、谵妄、精神病、幻觉和情绪变化的患者，特别是存在自身免疫疾病家族史的女性患者，应高度怀疑患有HE[5]。诊断HE的检查主要包括了脑部MRI、EEG、血清和（或）CSF抗甲状腺自身抗体以及抗NAE自身抗体；并建议排除感染、血管性、肿瘤性、代谢性或其他自身免疫所致脑病后方可确诊。糖皮质类固醇激素治疗是一种首选疗法，若经其治疗后患者病情得到明显改善就可以确诊HE。儿童HE患者可能出现严重后遗症，因此在新发癫痫的儿童中，特别是存在难治性发作、幻觉、混乱和行为改变等症状时，应注意鉴别有无HE。如高度怀疑HE，应尽早开始糖皮质激素干预治疗。
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