五、治疗
(一)一般治疗
虽然白色海绵状斑痣不会出现明显的疼痛不适,但是许多患者仍然希望能够改变病损的外观,使其恢复为正常的黏膜上皮。迄今为止,并无系统性的治疗方案,文献回顾显示,制霉菌素、抗组胺药、维生素、抗生素等,可能有一定疗效。阿维A酸具有显著抗角化作用,手术切除也是可行的治疗措施,但是仍存在复发可能。除非改变疾病的遗传特性,否则目前任何治疗方案都无法一劳永逸。
(二)口腔颌面部异常相关的治疗建议
去除病因,对症处理,预防继发感染。
参考文献
[1]Liu X,Li Q,Gao Y,et al.Mutational analysis in familial and sporadic patients with white sponge naevus[J].British Journal of Dermatology,2011,165(2):448-451.
[2]Cai W P,Jiang B Z,Yu F,et al.Current approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of white sponge nevus[J].Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine,2015,17(9):411-419.
[3]Cai W P,Jiang B Z,Feng T N,et al.Expression profiling of white sponge nevus by RNA sequencing revealed pathological pathways[J].Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases,2015,10(1):1-10.(https://www.daowen.com)
[4]Satriano R A,Errichetti E,Baroni A.White sponge nevus treated with chlorhexidine[J].The Journal of Dermatology,2012,39(8):742-743.
[5]Westin M,Rekabdar E,Blomstrand L,et al.Mutations in the genes for keratin-4 and keratin-13 in Swedish patients with white sponge nevus[J].Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine,2018,47(2):152-157.
[6]Zhang J M,Quan J J,Ren Y Y,et al.Keratin 4 regulates the development of human white sponge nevus[J].Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine,2018,47(6):598-605.
[7]Kürklü E,ÖztürkŞ,Cassidy AJ,et al.Clinical features and molecular genetic analysis in a Turkish family with oral white sponge nevus[J].Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal,2018,23(2):e144-e150.
[8]秦家佳,唐国瑶.白色海绵状斑痣患者角蛋白k4、k13基因突变[J].临床口腔医学杂志,2015,31(4):250-252.
[9]孙开华,吴奇光,王晶,等.口腔粘膜白色海绵状斑痣的超微结构观察[J].中华口腔医学杂志,1995,30(3):148-150+192.
(林琳 王文梅)