1.3 M-ANNHEIM Score and M-ANNHEIM Severity Index
M-ANNHEIM classification system also provides a scoring system to determine the severity of the chronic pancreatitis.
There is a diagnostic challenge existing in the judgement of PEI.On account of the administration of different stimulants of the gland and the measurement of different parameters，it's difficult to compare（Etemad and Whitcomb 2001）.In this system，pancreatic insufficiency was divided as mild，moderate and severe pancreatic insufficiency based on recommendations of Lankisch and colleagues（1983）.(https://www.daowen.com)
Based on the presence or absence of clinical characters as described by the M-ANNHEIM scoring，the points are added together to yield an overall score of clinical severity，which allows the division of patients according to the M-ANNHEIM severity index.Gives a general review on the different steps and the corresponding tables necessary to classify patients according to the M-ANNHEIM classification system.
The M-ANNHEIM classification system provides us with the chance to categorize patients according to disease etiology（Table C2-2）and to compare clinical progresses of CP according to stages（Table C2-3）and severity of the disease.To be honest，the M-ANNHEIM classification gives a totally new approach to investigation and treatment of patients with CP.According to this context，the M-ANNHEIM classification offers a framework for combining and comparing interinstitutional data.The classification needs clinical information that can be acquired from the patients in a simple way.The proposed staging of the disease（Table C2-3）and the prioritization of clinical and therapeutic characters closely reflect the clinical presentation of the disease and clearly distinguish between different grades of disease severity.The MANNHEIM system expands the consensus of the Cambridge classification and incorporates imaging information obtained from EUS and MRI.Thus，different progresses of CP can be compared by the disease duration together with the stage and severity of the disease.The M-ANNHEIM system accelerates the progression of prospective studies of chronic diseases.