PartⅣ Supplementary Practices
Practice 7.1 Terminology
Choose the best for each of the following.
1.The suffix-coccus as in Staphylococcus means________.
A.杆菌B.球菌C.血液D.躯体
2.The prefix non-as in noncellular means________.
A.not B.one C.half D.many
3.The prefix pseudo-as in pseudopod means________.
A.large B.hard C.false D.soft
4.The prefix uni-as in unicellular is close in meaning to________.
A.mono-B.poly-C.multi-D.non-
5.In the history of biological evolution,_________changes in genes would produce huge alterations in form.
A.maximal B.mediate C.minute D.modest
6.When cooked food is frozen,bacteria and mold cannot grow to________it.
A.spell B.splash C.spill D.spoil
7.Every department of the institution should be so conducted that the________of the patients and their family is not lost sight of in any instance.
A.result B.welfare C.outcome D.treatment
8.The gastrointestinal tract is responsible for________and expelling of wastes from the body.
A.degeneration B.rejection C.congestion D.digestion
9.Cells________for the organism to grow,develop,repair and produce offspring.
A.comply B.multiply C.supply D.apply
10.In short,while non-living things are________under any circumstances,organisms defend themselves actively.
A.infirm B.indirect C.intact D.inert
11.Through heredity,living things________traits from their parents.
A.incubate B.inherit C.insist D.inhibit
12.New infectious diseases________as microbes adapt to new hosts and new environments.
A.embrace B.embark C.empower D.emerge
13.The_________claimed the lives of up to half of urban dwellers throughout Europe,disproportionately impacting the poor.
A.plasma B.plateau C.plaque D.plague
14.Winning can breed________because,if athletes win all of the time,there's little motivation to improve.
A.complication B.complacency C.complexion D.competency
15.The death rates of some infectious diseases in cities surpassed those in the countryside by a large________.
A.measure B.amount C.size D.margin
16.Antibodies are also grouped depending on the way they help________the pathogen.
A.eliminate B.stimulate C.contaminate D.dominate(https://www.daowen.com)
17.The_________of the mechanism will hinder the development and clinical popularizing of TCM theory.
A.investigation B.information C.knowledge D.obscurity
18.Scientists do not completely understand how HIV causes such_________of the immune system.
A.devastation B.delusion C.deliberation D.destination
19.Bird flu or________flu is caused by a group of viruses that occur naturally in wild birds.
A.epidemic B.viral C.avian D.seasonal
20.Effective________of infectious diseases can lead to concrete actions such as responding to outbreaks of food-borne illness,controlling insects that carry disease,and developing new vaccines.
A.surveillance B.disturbance C.maintenance D.dominance
Practice 7.2 Translation
Translate the following into English,using the stock phrase given.
1.pose a threat to...对……构成威胁（P109L20）
抗生素耐药性对医学构成灾难性的威胁，因为有的感染将无药可治。
2.among other things除了别的以外（P109L30）
当我们最初提出改革时，除了其他方面，我们还想改革医疗体系。
3.play an important role in...在……中起重要作用（P110L64）
传染病在人类历史上起了重要作用，并可能对人类的未来事关重大。
4.be collectively called...统称为……（P110L77）
由环境因素引起的疾病统称为环境病。
5.require sophisticated research techniques需要先进的研究技术（P110L79）
要对孤独症的生物学基础有更好的了解需要时间和日益先进的研究技术。
6.today much is known about...今天对……了解甚多（P111L97）
与大概仅仅20年前相比，今天人们对毒物和癌症之间的关系有了更多的了解。
7.remain a concern today……今天仍然让人担心（P116L9）
尽管已经清理了好几年，这条河流的污染情况今天仍然让人担心。
8.for reasons already discussed出于已经讨论过的原因（P116L17）
出于已经讨论过的原因，这种癌细胞对于标准的化疗有耐受性。
9.rise to become a/the leading cause of...上升为……的一个/首要原因（P116L32）
在全球范围内，如果没有有效的干预，艾滋病很可能上升为婴儿死亡的首要原因。
10.thanks largely to the fact that...在很大程度要归功于……（P117L40）
艾滋病死亡率在年轻成人中已经下降，这在很大程度要归功于几种有效药物的最终开发。
11.be very much on one's minds...……非常使人忧心（P118L74）
老师和父母亲非常忧心的是如何避免网上不良信息对学生的影响。
12.at least as of now至少到目前为止；至少眼下（P118L77）
至少到目前为止从来没有饮酒的人，为了健康就不应该饮酒了。