Part C Grammar
主谓一致（Subject-verb Agreement）（2）
本单元讲述意义一致和邻近一致的原则，总结起来有以下几种情况：
1. 意义一致的原则
（1） 表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词做主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。
e.g. Twenty years is not a long time.
Ten dollars is too dear.
（2） 有些集合名词，如family, team等做主语时，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数；如指其中每个成员，则用复数。
e.g. My family is big one.
My family are watching TV.
（3） 不定代词由all, most, more, some, any, none做主语时，也要依照这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数；如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。
e.g. All of the work has been finished.
All of the people have gone.
（4） 疑问代词做主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：主语表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数；主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。
e.g. Who is your brother?
Who are League members?
（5） “分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的词组做主语时，其谓语动词要以of后面的名词而定。名词是复数，谓语动词用复数：名词是单数，谓语动词用单数。
e.g. It is said that 35 percent of the doctors are women.
Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
（6） half, the rest等表示不定数量的名词做主语时，如果所指为复数意义，动词用复数；如果所指为单数意义，动词用单数。
e.g. I have read a large part of the book, the rest is more difficult.
Only ten students attended the class because all the rest were off sick.
（7） 由what 引导的主语从句做主语时，通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g. What she said is correct.
What she left me are a few old books.
（8） 凡是以“定冠词+形容词（或分词）” 做主语，往往根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果这种主语指的是一类人，谓语动词用复数；如果指的是一个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g. The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.
The dead is a famous person.
（9） 集合名词如people, police, cattle等做主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g. The police are searching for him.
The cattle are grassing.
（10） population意思为人口时，谓语动词用单数形式；其意思为人们时，谓语动词用复数。
e.g. The population of China is larger than that of Japan.
One third of the population here are workers.
（11） the number of + 名词复数，是表示“……的数字”， 做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；a
(large/great) number of + 名词复数，表示许多，做主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g. The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year.
A number of students have gone for an outing.
（12） means, politics, physics, plastics等做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g. Politics is now taught in all schools.
2. 邻近一致的原则
（1） 由连词or, either ... or, neither ... nor, not only ... but also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。
e.g. Either you or I am right.
Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it.
（2） 在There be句型中，谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。
e.g. There are two apples and one egg in it.
（3） 以here开头的句子，其谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。
e.g. Here is a letter and some books for you.
Exercises
Task One Choose the best answer for each of the sentences.(https://www.daowen.com)
1. One-third of the area________covered with green trees. About seventy percent of the trees________been planted.
A. are, have B. is, has C. is, have D. are, has
2. The number of teachers in our college________greatly increased last term. A number of teachers in this school________from the countryside.
A. was, is B. was, are
C. were, are D. were, is
3. What________the population of China? One-third of the population________workers here.
A. is, are B. are, are C. is, is D. are, is
4. Not only he but also we________right. He as well as we________right.
A. are, are B. are, is C. is, is D. is, are
5. What he’d like________a digital watch. What he’d like________textbooks.
A. are, are B. is, is C. is, are D. are, is
6. Her family________much larger than mine four years ago. Her family________dancing and singing when I came in last night.
A. were, was B. was, were
C. was, was D. were, were
7. About 80 percent of the workers________come here.
A. have been B. has been
C. have D. has
8. Now a number of foreign teachers in our college________from England.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
9. Three-fourths of the population________immigrants here.
A. are B. is C. am D. was
10. Tom as well as his brothers________right.
A. are B. is C. am D. be
Task Two Complete the sentences with the words in the brackets. Change the word forms if necessary.
1. The number of people invited_______________(be) fifty, but a number of them_______________(be)absent for different reasons.
2. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth_______________(wash) away each year.
3. A certain number of tourists_______________(be) complaining about the high accommodation price during the last month.
4. Not the teacher but the students_______________(be) excited.
5. As I have a meeting at four, ten minutes_______________(be) all that I can spare to talk with you.
6. Two fifths of the land in that district_______________(be) covered with trees and grass.
7. What I say and think_______________(be) no business of yours.
8. Either you or he_______________(be) interested in playing chess._______________(be) you or he fond of music at present?
9. Her family_______________(be) smaller than mine.
10. 250 pounds_______________(be) too unreasonable a price for a second-hand car.
Grammar Bank
Task One Error correction.
Task Two Choose the correct words in the brackets.
1. Four fifths of the people on the Internet_______________(believes, believe) China’s economy is among the strongest in the world.
2. How time flies! Ten years_______________(have, has) passed.
3. Not only his parents but also his brother_______________(has gone, have been) to the Summer Palace. They haven’t been back.
4. Neither my father nor I_______________(am, is) going to see the patient.
5. Look! There_______________(are, is) a number of deer playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square.
6. A large quantity of books_______________(has, have) been offered to us.
7. There_______________(are, is) a pen, two pencils, and three books on the desk.
8. The injured in the tsunami_______________(are being taken, is being taken) good care of by some medical teams.
9. The police_______________(are, is) searching for a missing boy.
10. The sick_______________(have been, has been) sent to the local hospital.