【Exercises】
A.Read the following statements carefully and choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1.________are the major units of government within most states.
A.Counties B.Cities
C.Towns D.Local districts
2.If Congress adjourns within less than 10 days after a bill is sent to the President and the President has not signed the bill，then the bill dies.This is known as a________.
A.presidential veto B.presidential bill
C.dead bill D.pocket veto
3.If the President vetoes a bill that Congress strongly supports，it can override the President’s veto.If more than________of the members in both houses Congress of vote for the bill after it is vetoed，then the bill becomes law.
A.half B.a third C.two⁃thirds D.a quarter
4.The President is assisted in the execution of his duties by________，which includes the Vice President and the heads of federal executive departments.
A.the Cabinet B.ministers
C.the Council D.counselors
5.The President of the United States is elected for a term of four years by________.
A.the Senate B.the House of Representatives
C.the Electoral College D.the Supreme Court
6.All federal judges are nominated by the President，and appointed with the consent of________.
A.the Senate B.the House of Representatives
C.the Supreme Court D.the Vice President
7.The American Constitution provides many guarantees to the rights of the accused.________of the ten original amendments are related to the rights of the accused.
A.Two B.Three C.Four D.Five
8.From the late 1970s on，American society has become more polarized and the gap between the rich and the poor has become bigger than ever before，largely because of the unequal distribution of new wealth created by________.
A.World WarⅡ B.the Cold War
C.technological progress D.oil prices
9.In 2004，________became the first state to allow same⁃sex marriage.
A.California B.Alaska
C.Washington D.C. D.Massachusetts
10.To implement affirmative action policies for employment，many states used________which required the government and other public institutions to hire a certain percentage of minorities and women.
A.a quota system B.a capitation system
C.a preferential system D.a favorable system
B.Read the following statements carefully and tell whether they are true or false.
（ ）1.The federal government cannot interfere with the affairs of the state government in some cases.
（ ）2.The Senate and the House of Representatives are about equally important，although the lengths of their members’terms of service are different.
（ ）3.In criminal cases，the prosecutor represents the government and is responsible for presenting evidence to prove in court that the defendant is guilty.
（ ）4.Generally speaking，the Democratic Party is closely identified with big business，while the Republican Party has the support of labor unions and environmental groups.
（ ）5.The U.S.government has implemented affirmative action policies since the 1970s which favor only women in college admissions，hiring，promotion，and the awarding of government contracts.