Kenneth J.Arrow——Autobiography
I was born in the city of New York on August 23，1921.My undergraduate education，at the City College in New York，was made possible only by the existence of that excellent free institution and the financial sacrifices of my parents.I was graduated in 1940 with a degree of Bachelor of Science in Social Science but a major in Mathematics，a paradoxical[5]combination that was prognostic[6]of my future interests.I entered Columbia University for graduate study and received an M.A.in Mathematics in June，1941，but under the influence of the statistician-economist，Harold Hotelling，I changed to the Economics Department for subsequent graduate work.
My graduate study was interrupted，like that of many others，by World War II.From 1942－1946，I served as a weather officer in the United States Army Air Corps rising to the rank of Captain.My assignment was exclusively in the research field，and my first published paper，On the Optimal Use of Winds for Flight Planning，was the outgrowth[7]of that work.The years 1946－1949 were spent partly as a graduate student at Columbia University，partly as a research associate of the Cowles Commission for Research in Economics at the University of Chicago，where I also had the rank of Assistant Professor of Economics in 1948－1949.The brilliant intellectual atmosphere of the Cowles Commission，with eager young econometricians[8]and mathematically[9]-inclined economists under the guidance of Tjalling Koopmans and Jacob Marschak，was a basic formative influence for me，as was also the summers of 1948 and subsequent years at the RAND Corporation in the heady days of emerging game theory and mathematical programming.My work on social choice and on Pareto efficiency dated from this period.
In 1949 I was appointed Acting Assistant Professor of Economics and Statistics at Stanford University and remained there until 1968，becoming eventually Professor of Economics，Statistics，and Operations Research.At various times during this period，I was a Social Science Research fellow，1952，a Fellow of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences，1956－1957，Economist on the staff of the United States Council of Economic Advisors，1962，Executive Head of the Department of Economics at Stanford，1953－1956 and 1962－1963，Fellow of Churchill College（Cambridge），1963－1964，and again in 1970，and Guest Professor，Institute for Advanced Studies，Vienna，in June，1964，and again，1971.In 1968，I accepted an appointment as Professor of Economics at Harvard University.
I received the John Bates Clark Medal of the American Economic Association，1957，and I have been elected member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Philosophical Society；also I am a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences，the Econometric Society，the Institute of Mathematical Statistics，and the American Statistical Association.I received the honorary degrees of LL.D.from the University of Chicago，1967，and the City University of New York，1972，and that of Doctor of Social and Economic Sciences for the University of Vienna，1971.With regard to professional societies，I was president of the Econometric Society in 1956 and The Institute of Management Sciences in 1963，and a President-elect of the American Economic Association for 1972.
I was married in 1947 to the former Selma Schweitzer and now have two sons，David Michael，age ten，and Andrew Seth，age 8.
【注释】
[1]journalist n.新闻记者，从事新闻杂志业的人(https://www.daowen.com)
[2]analytical adj.分析的，解析的
[3]economist n.经济学者，经济家，［古］节俭的人，节约者
[4]familiarity n.熟悉，通晓，亲密，熟悉，精通
[5]paradoxical adj.荒谬的
[6]prognostic adj.预兆的n.预兆
[7]outgrowth n.长出，派出，结果，副产物
[8]econometrician n.计量经济学家
[9]mathematically adv.算术地