5.2 The Present Problems of Architectural Heritage in Jinan
The Hyogo Framework for Action defined hazard as a damaging physical event or human activity.[11]Disaster risk is a consequence of hazard, which can lead to property damage, building vulnerability, cultural and economic disruption, environmental degradation and potentially the loss of life or human injury.[12]Due to the geological, hydrometeorological and biological events in Jinan, natural hazards such as rainstorms, floods, earthquakes, droughts and hails can adversely impact the safety of heritage sites.However, excessive and inappropriate human activities due to Jinan urbanization degrade these historic structures in the long-term.(https://www.daowen.com)