《李尔王》（King Lear）
Records about W illiam Shakespeare are rare.His parents are John and M ary Shakespeare and his hometown is Stratford-upon-Avon，Warwickshire，which is about three hours from London at today's car speed.It is inferred that his birthday is April 23rd in 1564.
有关威廉·莎士比亚生平的记载不多。他的父亲是约翰·莎士比亚，母亲是玛丽·莎士比亚。他的故乡位于瓦维克郡埃文河畔的斯特拉特福德小城，以今日车速来计，离伦敦大约3小时的车程。人们普遍认为他出生于1564年4月23日。
W illiam Shakespeare did not receive the education in university.Things about his early years are unknown.The seven years from 1585 to 1592 was called "the lost years" of William Shakespeare.In 1592，he appeared in London.
威廉·莎士比亚并未受过大学教育，早年的事迹也不为人知。1585—1592年这7年通常被称作莎士比亚“遗失的年代”，1592年他来到了伦敦。
W illiam Shakespeare retired in 1611 or 1612，and returned back to Stratford-upon-Avon，Warwickshire.He died on April 23rd，1616 at the age of 52 and was buried in Holy Trinity Church two days later.
莎翁在1611/1612年退休，回到埃文河畔的斯特拉特福德小城。他于1616年4月23日逝世，两天后葬在圣三一教堂，享年52岁。
Plot：The aging King Lear decides to divide his kingdom among his three daughters.The hypocritical Goneril and Regan make grand pronouncements and are rewarded; Cordelia，the youngest daughter，who truly loves Lear，refuses to make an insincere speech to prove her love and is disinherited.
故事梗概：年事已高的李尔王意欲将其国土分给3个女儿。虚伪的大女儿高纳里尔和二女儿里根通过谄媚讨好父亲而得到了封赏。但真正爱父亲的小女儿考狄利娅，由于不愿意通过花言巧语向父亲示爱而被驱逐。(https://www.daowen.com)
The two older sisters mock Lear and renege on their promise to support him.Cast out，the king slips into madness and wanders about accompanied by his faithful Fool.Heis aided by the Earl of Kent，who，though banished from the kingdom for having supported Cordelia.Kent eventually brings Lear to Cordelia，who cares for him and helps him regain his reason.
得到国土的两个女儿奚落父亲，并背弃诺言，将其撵出了国土。老国王因此精神错乱，他忠实的仆人陪着他到处流浪，后来被肯特伯爵搭救，肯特伯爵就是当年因支持考狄利娅也被李尔一同驱逐的大臣。最后，伯爵将李尔带到了小女儿考狄利娅身边。在小女儿的照顾下，李尔的精神才恢复了正常。
The subplot concerns the Earl of Gloucester who likewise spurns his honest son，Edgar，and believes his conniving illegitimate son，Edmund.Edmund allies himself with Regan and Goneril to defend Britain against the French army mobilized by Cordelia.
故事的另一条线索是与李尔有相似经历的格罗斯特伯爵，他因为听信了私生子爱德蒙的谗言，将自己的儿子爱德加驱逐出去。爱德蒙还联合高纳里尔和里根来抵抗考狄利娅组织的军队。
At the end of the story，jealous of Edmund's romantic attentions to Regan，Goneril poisons her and commits suicide.Cordelia is killed.Lear，broken，dies with her body in his arms.
故事的结尾，高纳里尔因为嫉妒爱德蒙对里根的爱慕而毒死了她，自己也自杀身亡。小女儿考狄利娅在战事中被杀害，李尔王抱着小女儿，过于悲伤，最后崩溃而死。
Comment：King Lear truly reflects the primitive accumulation of capital of the capitalist world during the turbulent landscape of British society，is also the author of the autocratic monarchy of criticism and the praise of human nature.
评论：《李尔王》真实地反映了资本主义世界里，资本原始积累时期动荡不安的英国社会面貌，也是作者对专制王权的批判和对人性的歌颂。