11.3.1 Section A 知识要点

更新于 2026年10月13日 版权声明
11.3.1 Section A 知识要点

1.went for a walk 去散步

原形为go for a walk,相当于take a walk,此处walk的词性为名词“散步”。go的过去式是went,take的过去式took,因此went for a walk = took a walk。

例如:It’s sunny today.How about going for a walk? 今天是晴天,去散步怎么样?

I took a walk with my friends in the park yesterday.昨天,我和朋友们去公园散步了。

★进阶层

walk用作不及物动词vi.,意为“走路;散步”。如果后面接地点名词时,要加介词to;如果后面接here,there,home等地点副词时,则不加介词to。例如:

Let’s walk to the museum.咱们步行去博物馆吧。

The zoo is not far from home.Let’s walk there.动物园离家不远,我们走路去吧。

2.milked a cow 给奶牛挤奶

原形为milk a cow,其中milk用作及物动词vt.,意为“给……挤奶”;还可用作不及物动词vi.,意为“挤奶;出奶”。milk还可用作不可数名词,意为“牛奶”。例如:

I helped my mother to milk the cow last summer vacation.去年暑假,我帮妈妈给奶牛挤奶。(句中milk是及物动词)

This kind of cows milk very well.这个品种的奶牛出奶很好。(句中milk是不及物动词)

Would you like some milk? 你想喝些牛奶吗?(句中milk是不可数名词)

★进阶层

cow用作可数名词,意为“母牛;奶牛”。复数为cows。例如:

His uncle has four cows on the farm.他叔叔在农场有四头奶牛。

3.fed chickens 喂鸡

原形为feed chickens,其中feed用作及物动词vt.,意为“喂养;饲养”,后面常接动物名词作宾语。例如:

Children love to feed animals in a zoo.孩子们喜欢在动物园里喂动物。

★进阶层

(1)feed sth.to sb.意为“把某物喂给某人或某动物”。例如:

Please feed some grass to the sheep.请给这头绵羊喂些草。

The mother fed milk to her baby just now.这位母亲刚才给她的宝宝喂了牛奶。

(2)feed sb.with sth.意为“用某物喂某人或某动物”。例如:

Jim fed his lovely dog with a little meat at lunch.午餐时,吉姆喂了他可爱的狗一点肉。

(3)feed on sth.意为“以某物为生;以某物为食”。例如:

Pandas feed on bamboo.熊猫以竹子为食。

4.— Did you see any cows? 你看到了一些奶牛吗?

—Yes,I did.I saw quite a lot.是的,我看到了很多的(奶牛)。

此处quite a lot意为“相当多;许多”,若后面接名词,则用quite a lot of…。例如:

—Would you like some water? 你想要喝点水吗?

—Yes,please.I’d like quite a lot because I’m thirsty.是的,我想喝很多水因为我很渴。

There is quite a lot of fish in the river.在这条江里有很多鱼。

I have quite a lot of homework to do every day.我每天有很多家庭作业要做。

Quite a lot of people visited the castle last winter.去年冬天,很多人参观了这座城堡。

★进阶层

quite后面的名词前如果没有形容词修饰时,quite要放在不定冠词a/an前,如:quite a few + 可数名词复数,意为“相当多;大量;许多”。

quite a little + 不可数名词,意为“相当多;许多;大量;不少”;

quite a bit of + 不可数名词,意为“相当多;许多;大量;不少”;

quite a lot of + 可数名词复数/不可数名词,意为“相当多;大量;许多”。

quite a time = quite a while 相当长的一段时间

quite an effort 很大努力

例如:It’s quite an effort to lift such a heavy box.举起这个很重的箱子要费不少力气。

I listened for quite a while,but I heard nothing.我听了好一会儿,但是什么也没听见。

5.Did you learn anything? 你学到什么东西了吗?

anything用作不定代词,意为“某事;某物”,用于疑问句中,是something的变形。anything可用于肯定句中,意为“任何事物;任何东西”;也可用于否定句中,not anything = nothing,意为“什么都没有”。例如:

Do you want anything to drink? 你想要点什么喝的吗?

You can ask me anything you want to know.你可以问我你想知道的任何事。

We can’t believe anything he says.无论他说什么,我们都不相信。

★进阶层

(1)在表示委婉请求、建议、征求意见的疑问句中,常用something而不用anything。例如:

Would you like something to drink? 你想要点喝的东西吗?

(2)不定代词something/anything/everything/nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。例如:

Nothing beats home cooking.什么也比不上家里做的好吃。

(3)形容词修饰复合不定代词something/anything/nothing等,形容词只放其后。例如:

Did you read anything interesting in today’s newspaper? 你读到今天报纸上的什么趣事了吗?

6.Did you grow any apples? 你种植一些苹果了吗?

grow用作及物动词vt.,意为“种植;栽培”。例如:

My mother grew flowers and vegetables in our garden.我妈妈在园子里种了花和蔬菜。

★进阶层

(1)grow也可用作不及物动词,意为“生长;发育”。例如:

In spring,everything begins to grow.春天,万物复苏。

(2)grow up 意为“长大;成长”。例如:

What do you want to be when you grow up? 你长大后想当什么?

(3)grow可作连系动词,意为“变得”,强调逐渐变化的过程。例如:

She grew rich within a short time.她没多长时间就变得富有了。

7.The farmer showed Carol around the farm.这位农民带领卡罗尔参观了农场。

此处的around用作介词,意为“围绕;在附近;在……周围”;around也可用作副词,意为“到处;四处;在周围”。例如:

The moon travels around the earth.月球围绕地球转。

She turned around to see who was behind her.她转身看谁在她身后。

★进阶层

(1)show sb.around 意为“带领某人四处逛逛;带领某人参观”。例如:

I went to Uncle Gorge’s farm last weekend and he showed me around.

上周末,我去了乔治叔叔的农场,他带我(在农场附近)到处逛逛。

(2)show sb.around some place.意为“带领某人参观某地”。例如:

Let me show you around our new school.让我带领你参观我们的新学校吧。

(3)show sb.sth.= show sth.to sb.意为“给某人看某物;向某人出示某物”。例如:

Please show me your identity card.= Please show your identity card to me.

请把你的身份证给我看看。

(4)show that+从句(that引导宾语从句),意为“表明”。例如:

Your test score showed that you were very careless.你的考试成绩表明你很粗心。

8.Carol learned a lot about farming.卡罗尔了解了很多农事。

learn…about… 意为“学习/了解……关于……”。例如:

I’d like to learn more about biology.我想学习更多关于生物的知识。

Would you like to learn something about robots? 你想了解一些关于机器人的事情吗?

★进阶层

(1)learn about… =know about… 意为“了解/知道/获悉”。例如:

Anna is going on a tour of Paris, and she wants to learn about French culture and history.

安娜打算去巴黎旅行,她想了解法国文化和历史。

(2)farming用作名词,意为“农事;耕作”。例如:

China has a long history in traditional farming.中国在传统农业上有很长的一段历史。

(3)farm作为动词,意为“耕种;干农活”,现在进行时为farming。例如:

Paul’s father is farming there.保罗的爸爸正在那里干农活。

(4)farm作为名词,意为“农场”;farmer作为名词(n.),意为“农民;农场主”。例如:(https://www.daowen.com)

The farmer is farming on the farm.这个农民正在农场干活。

9.Carol picked some strawberries and took them home.卡罗尔摘了一些草莓并带回了家。

pick用作及物动词,意为“采;摘”。例如:

Don’t pick flowers in the park.不要在公园里摘花。

★进阶层

pick up 捡起来;接电话;顺便接某人

例如:Will you pick up all your toys? 你能把自己的玩具捡起来吗?

I called you last night but you didn’t pick up the phone.我昨晚给你打电话了,你没有接电话。

Could you please pick up my son from school today? 你今天可以去学校帮我接一下我儿子吗?

10.How was your trip last week? 上周你的旅行怎么样?

(1)How was…? 用来询问某事(已发生)情况如何,其答语常用“It was great./It was OK./It was not bad./It was bad./It wasn’t good./It was terrible.”等。例如:

—How was your summer holiday? 你的暑假过得怎么样?

—It was not bad.还不错。

(2)trip用作可数名词,意为“旅游;旅行”,常指短途往返的旅行。例如:

Did you enjoy your school trip to Disneyland? 学校迪斯尼之行玩得开心吗?

Have a good trip! 祝旅途愉快!

★进阶层

a school trip 学校旅行 go on a trip 去旅行 go on a trip to… 去某地旅行

a day trip 一日游 take a trip 去旅行

【辨析】

trip,travel,tour与journey用法区别:

trip n./v.常指短途旅行;travel n./v.泛指旅行;tour n./v.泛指旅行,常指巡游;journey n./v.常指长途旅行。例如:

He gave us a kiss-goodbye at the end of the trip.旅行结束时,他和我们亲吻告别。

I plan to travel to Europe this summer.我计划今年夏天去欧洲旅行。

I accompanied my mother on her European travel last year.去年,我陪着妈妈去欧洲旅行了。

He wants to take her daughter on a journey of Japan next winter vacation.他想明年寒假带他女儿去日本旅行。

During the car journey,the baby slept.坐车的路上,宝宝睡着了。

11.It was excellent.太好了。

excellent adj.意为“极好的;优秀的”,be excellent in… 意为“在……方面极好”。例如:

The boy is excellent in chemistry.这个男孩的化学很优秀。

12.I visited my grandparents in the countryside.我探望了乡下的祖父母。

countryside n.意为“乡村;农村”;in the countryside 意为“在农村;在乡下;在乡村”。例如:

I am a girl from the countryside.我是一个来自农村的女孩。

★进阶层

country的用法

(1)可数名词:意为“国家”,复数countries。例如:

China is a large developing country in the world.中国是世界上一个大的发展中国家。

(2)不可数名词:意为“农村;乡下;乡村”。例如:

My grandparents live in the country.我爷爷奶奶住在乡下。

13.It was so much fun.那真是如此好玩。

so much 意为“如此多;这么多;那么多”,既可修饰不可数名词,也可修饰动词。例如:

There was so much noise in the store.商场里如此吵闹。

Don’t talk so much in the library.不要在图书馆讲太多话。

【辨析】

so many与so much用法区别:

(1)so many + 可数名词复数。例如:

I have so many friends at school.我在学校有如此多朋友。

(2)so much + 不可数名词。例如:

I spent so much time doing my report yesterday.昨天,我花了如此多时间做报告。

★进阶层

(1)fun不可数名词,意为“乐趣;开心”,其前常用good,great,much,a lot of,lots of等修饰。例如:

I think skateboarding is great fun.我觉得玩滑板很有趣。

I went to the zoo last week and it was a lot of fun.我上周去了动物园,很有趣。

(2)have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself 意为“玩得开心”。例如:

My sister has much fun in the garden.

My sister has a good time in the garden.

My sister enjoys herself in the garden.我妹妹在花园里玩得很开心。

(3)have fun(in)doing sth.意为“做某事玩得开心”。例如:

I have a lot of fun climbing the mountains with my friends.和朋友们一起爬山,我很开心。

(4)make fun of… 意为“开玩笑;取笑;嘲弄”。例如:

Don’t make fun of the disabled.不要取笑残疾人。

(5)在美式英语中,fun还可用作形容词,意为“有趣的;愉快的;开心的”。例如:

It could be fun to watch the babies laughing.看着这些宝宝在笑就令人开心。

14.It got very cloudy and we worried it would rain.天变得阴云密布,我们担心会下雨。

(1)we worried it would rain这是一个主从复合句,that引导一个宾语从句it would rain,that被省略了;worried是动词worry的过去式,would是情态动词will的过去式;如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句要用相应的过去时态(如果宾语从句表示客观真理或客观事实,即使主句是一般过去时,宾语从句也要用一般现在时)。例如:

He told me(that)he was cooking in the kitchen at that time.

他告诉我他那时正在厨房做饭。

The teacher told us(that)the sun rises in the east.老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起。

(2)get用作连系动词,意为“变得”。例如:

It is getting dark.天渐渐变黑。

worry v.此处用作及物动词,意为“担心;担忧”,后面常接宾语从句。例如:

His parents worried(that)it would be dangerous for Sam to travel alone.

他的父母担心山姆独自去旅行会危险。

★进阶层

(1)worry 用作及物动词,意为“使担心;使发愁”,常接sb.作宾语。例如:

Nothing worries me.没有什么让我担心的。

The naughty boy often worries his mother.这个顽皮男孩常让他妈妈担心。

(2)worry 用作不及物动词,意为“忧虑;担心”,后接宾语时,常加介词about,构成短语worry about… = be worried about…。例如:

Don’t worry about your son.He’ll be back soon.不要担心你儿子,他很快就会回来。

(3)worrying adj.意为“令人担忧的”;worried adj.意为“担心的;焦虑的”。例如:

The situation in Haiti was worrying.海地的局势令人担忧。

Don’t be worried about your weight.We like you because you are you.

不要担心你的体重,我们喜欢你是因为你就是你。

15.Luckily,it didn’t,and the sun came out again.幸运的是,天没有下雨,并且太阳又出来了。

luckily用作副词,意为“幸运地”,常放在句首,用来修饰整个句子;其反义词是unluckily。例如:

Luckily,we got on the bus on time.幸运的是,我们准时赶上了公交车。

Unluckily,he fell off from the horse and hurt his leg.不幸的是,他从马背上摔下来,腿受伤了。

★进阶层

(1)luck n.用作不可数名词,意为“幸运;运气”。例如:

I knew I would need a bit of luck to win.我知道自己要赢就需要点运气。

I had a lot of bad luck during the first half of this season.上半赛季我一直运气不佳。

(2)lucky adj.用作形容词,意为“幸运的”;其反义词是unlucky。例如:

Lucky you.= You are so lucky.= How lucky you are! 你真幸运。(lucky+人称代词宾格)

I was so unlucky today.I was knocked over by a stone.我今天真倒霉,被一块石头绊倒了。

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