乌梢蛇Ptyas dhumnades
地方名：乌风蛇、乌蛇
形态特征：体型细长，成体全长1400～2200mm。头颈区分明显，眼大，瞳孔圆形。体背绿褐色、棕褐色或黑褐色，背脊有两条纵贯全身的黑线，黑线之间有两行鳞宽的浅黄褐色纵纹颇为明显。体前段背鳞后缘色黑，前段腹鳞多呈乳黄色或土黄色，后段由浅灰黑色渐变为浅棕黑色。幼体背部多呈灰绿色，黑色纵纹贯穿躯尾。上唇鳞8枚，呈3-2-3式，下唇鳞多10枚。背鳞16-16-14行，中央2～4行起棱。腹鳞186～207枚，尾下鳞102～133对，肛鳞二分。
生活习性：生活于平原、丘陵、山区的田野间，5—10月常见于农田水域附近，行动敏捷。以蛙类、蜥蜴类为食。5—7月产卵，每产13～17枚。
地理分布：在我国分布甚广泛，除黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、山东、宁夏、青海、新疆、海南、西藏以外，其余各省区均有分布；国外分布于越南。
环渤海地区分布：见于北京、天津、河北。
生存现状：易危（VU）。
乌梢蛇幼体
Squamata Colubridae Ptyas
55.Ptyas dhumnades
Description Adults up to 1,400-2,200mm TOL, slender body.Head and neck are distinctly different; eyes are big; pupils round; body dorsum is greenish brown, tan or dark brown; two black lines spread throughout the dorsum; two rows of light yellow and brown vertical patterns between the black lines; the front dorsum is black; most juvenile's dorsum is greyish green; black ventral pattern spresd throughout the tail; 8 supralabials are arranged in 3-2-3 rows and 10 infralabials.Dorsal scales are arranged in 16-16-14 rows; 2-4 rows of scales are ribbed in the middle; 186-207 ventral scales; 102-133 pairs of subcaudals; 2 anal plates on the anus.
Behaviour Ptyas dhumnades live in plains, hills, and mountainous fields.They are often found in farmland waters from May to October, and they move quickly.They feed on frogs and lizards.They prawn in May to July and produce 13-17 eggs at a time.
Distribution Widely known in China except in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Hainan, and Tibet.At abroad: in Vietnam.Distribution around Bohai Sea: in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Province.
Conservation Vulnerable (VU).
乌梢蛇成体