（三）地塞米松
地塞米松（Dexamethasone）对人体的甲状腺在生理上有多种作用。大剂量的急性给予或中度剂量长期施用可抑制甲状腺功能正常和甲状腺功能减退患者垂体前叶分泌TSH，因此降低了甲状腺激素分泌[49]。此外，大剂量的地塞米松可降低正常和甲状腺功能减退受试者和接受T4治疗的甲状腺功能低下患者的血清T3浓度[50]。在由Graves病引起的甲状腺功能亢进的患者中，大剂量的塞米松可降低T4的血清浓度。这是由于通过直接甲状腺效应或通过减少甲状腺刺激性免疫球蛋白产生而导致的T4分泌减少。同等剂量的其他糖皮质激素也具有同样的效果。
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