Answer Key

Unit 1　Transportation in the Greater Bay Area

Reading 1

1. C 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A

Reading 2

1. E 2. D 3. F 4. J 5. H

6. K 7. N 8. C 9. O 10. M

Reading 3

1. K 2. E 3. H 4. M 5. C

6. J 7. L 8. B 9. D 10. F

Translation for Traditional Chinese Wisdom

1. The laws governing the ways of heaven are yin and yang, those governing the ways of earth are gentleness and firmness, and those governing the ways of human society are benevolence and righteousness.

（The Book of Changes)

2. Confucius said, “People should be able to promote Dao, rather than use Dao to promote themselves.” Therefore, order and chaos, the rise and fall of a country all depend on people themselves. Disorder, chaos, and collapsing of a country are not inevitable. Rather, they are brought about by absurd and deviant behavior of its ruler.

（The History of the Han Dynasty)

3. Sages won’t make mistakes, for they have endless wisdom about everything under heaven and their virtues help all people in the world.

(The Book of Changes)

Unit 2　Innovation in the Greater Bay Area

Reading 1

1. A 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. C

Reading 2

1. M 2. H 3. F 4. I 5. B

6. C 7. O 8. D 9. A 10. K

Reading 3

1. B 2. I 3. F 4. K 5. I

6. M 7. J 8. H 9. E 10. C

Translation for Traditional Chinese Wisdom

1. The Book of Changes reveals that when things reach their extreme, change occurs. After the change they evolve smoothly, and thus they continue for a long time. That’s how “Heaven bestows help to the human world and benefits all.”

(The Book of Changes)

2. “If we can improve ourselves in one day, we should do so every day, and keep building on improvement,” reads the inscription on the bathtub of Tang, founder of the Shang Dynasty. “People should be encouraged to discard the old and embrace the new, give up evil ideas, and live up to high moral standards,” says The Book of History. “Though it was an ancient state, Zhou saw its future lying in continuously renewing itself,” comments The Book of Songs. Therefore, junzi (men of virtue) should strive to excel themselves in all aspects and at all times.

(The Book of Rites)

Unit 3　Economy in the Greater Bay Area

Reading 1

1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D

Reading 2

1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. F

6. G 7. H 8. J 9. L 10. M

Reading 3

1. D 2. I 3. K 4. M 5. C

6. E 7. N 8. O 9. L 10. G

Translation for Traditional Chinese Wisdom

1. He who when faced with gain thinks of righteousness, who when confronted with danger is ready to lay down his life, and who does not forget a past promise despite enduring poverty, may be considered a true man!

（The Analects of Confucius）

2. So Guanzi said, “When the granaries are full, the people follow appropriate rules of conduct, and when there is enough to eat and wear, the people know honor and shame.” Proper social norms emerge from sufficient conditions for life, and disappear when conditions are absent. That is why when people of high status become wealthy, they will widely advocate moral standards, and when ordinary people become wealthy they will behave in a moral way according to their means. Where the water is deep, fish will congregate; where the mountains are vast, wild animals will gather; when people are well off, a society of compassion and righteousness will appear.

（Records of the Historian）

Unit 4　Ecology in the Greater Bay Area

Reading 1

1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B

Reading 2

1. K 2. E 3. M 4. I 5. C

6. J 7. G 8. O 9. F 10. A

Reading 3

1. C 2. O 3. K 4. A 5. I

6. E 7. H 8. M 9. G 10. F

Translation for Traditional Chinese Wisdom

1. Benevolent people see all things under heaven and themselves as one.

（Writings of the Cheng Brothers）(https://www.daowen.com)

2. He who acts according to the seasons and the nature of the land will enjoy great success without  much effort; those who act arbitrarily and violate the natural laws will gain nothing in the end.

（Qimin Yaoshu）

Unit 5　Education in the Greater Bay Area

Reading 1

1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. D

Reading 2

1. G 2. N 3. D 4. J 5. A

6. B 7. F 8. E 9. M 10. C

Reading 3

1. E 2. G 3. A 4. J 5. B

6. H 7. D 8. G 9. L 10. N

Translation for Traditional Chinese Wisdom

1. Confucius said, “People in ancient times learned to cultivate their own moral character. People today learn to impress others.”

（The Analects of Confucius）

2. Great Learning aims to foster moral integrity, forge close ties with the people and attain consummate virtue in both words and deeds.

（The Book of Rites）

3. The educational system in ancient times consisted of small schools for each clan in a village, higher level schools for every 500 households, even higher level schools for every 12,500 households and institutions of higher learning at the capital of a ducal state. Students were enrolled every year, and examinations were held every other year. During the first year, students learned how to punctuate classics and studied them, and they developed motivation through learning. By the third year, students should immerse themselves in learning and develop fraternity with fellow students. During the fifth year, students should gain comprehensive knowledge and hold their teachers in reverence. In the seventh year, students should learn enough to form independent judgment and they should make true friends, which was called secondary attainment. In the ninth year, they should gain a keen sense of what connects different things, have self-confidence, and be independent in thinking without going against what they’ve learned. This was called great attainment. A scholar trained this way could educate others and improve social mores, and thus enjoyed the respect of people both near and afar. This is what Great Learning should achieve.

（The Book of Rites）

Unit 6　Health in the Greater Bay Area

Reading 1

1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. B

Reading 2

1. C 2. D 3. E 4. H 5. M

6. G 7. I 8. N 9. J 10. O

Reading 3

1. K 2. F 3. A 4. M 5. J

6. G 7. E 8. L 9. H 10. D

Translation for Traditional Chinese Wisdom

1. Life and death are of the utmost importance; they are not children’s games.

（Dream of the Red Chamber）

2. Among the practitioners of medicine in ancient times, the most skillful treated the illnesses of the country, less skilled ones treated people, and the least skilled ones treated diseases.

（Sun Simiao: Essential Formulas for Emergencies）

3. A sage can adapt appropriately to the changes of things without going too far. They rejoice in complying with the Way of Heaven and recognize the limitations set by the Mandate of Heaven, and so are free from anxiety.

（The Book of Changes）

Unit 7　Culture in the Greater Bay Area

Reading 1

1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. B

Reading 2

1. J 2. B 3. F 4. A 5. N

6. O 7. D 8. E 9. G 10. K

Reading 3

1. G 2. D 3. I 4. B 5. F

6. O 7. K 8. M 9. E 10. C

Translation for Traditional Chinese Wisdom

1. To ensure the growth of a tree, one must firmly establish its roots; to extend the reach of water, one must unblock its source. Excellent traditional Chinese culture serves as the spiritual lifeline of the Chinese nation. It is a vital source that nurtures the core socialist values, and it forms a solid foundation for us to stand firm amidst the dynamic currents of world culture.

（Ten Recommendations to Emperor Taizong of Tang）

2. A wise ruler governs the country with culture and virtue as the first means and then force. Whenever force is used, it is because of the presence of disobedient people. Force is only used when cultural education （wenhua) fails.

（Garden of Stories）

3. The visionary world achieved in literary works serves as a better criterion for making critical evaluation than one’s personal character or charm. The visionary world is primary, whereas one’s personal character and charm are secondary. Once the visionary world is reached, personal character and charm will naturally follow.

（Poetic Remarks in the Human World）

Unit 8　Leisure in the Greater Bay Area

Reading 1

1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5.C

Reading 2

1. C 2. G 3. F 4. E 5. A

6. L 7. D 8. N 9. B 10. O

Reading 3

1. H 2. D 3. P 4. A 5. B

6. F 7. E 8. C 9. J   10. I

Translation for Traditional Chinese Wisdom

1. Confucius remarked, “Men of intellectual character delight in water scenery; men of moral character delight in mountain scenery. Intellectual men are active; moral men are calm. Intellectual men enjoy life; moral men live long.”

（The Analects）

2. People should seek carefree enjoyment beyond the constraints of the human world.

（Zhuangzi）

3. Nothing can replace music for creating social harmony, and nothing can replace rites for determining ethical social differences. Music brings people together in harmony; rites establish roles and relationships. Together they direct human morality.

（Xunzi）