Unit Three
Reading Comprehension
Ⅰ.Questions for discussion
1.What does the titleof the text mean?
Answer:Usually people think of processed foods as unhealthy for some potentially harmful additives in them,and tend to perceive these additives as more risky than is justifiable.In fact,although there's convincing evidence that processed foods do bring about a health risk,the risk is likely to be small.A greater rick may consist in the absence or scarcity of some ingredients in these foods,nutrients and other beneficial components(e.g.antioxidants)that relatively unprocessed foods,especially vegetables,contain.
2.What's the matter with what is called“generally recognized as safe(GRAS)status”?
Answer:GRAS refers to ingredients that have been recognized either by research or by a long history of consumption to be harmless to health.This concept is problematic in that it is not authorized by disinterested or official parties such as FDA.Instead it is determined by employees or consultants of additive manufacturers,or expert panels,people who themselves have a stake in the whole thing.Thus there is no guarantee for these people's integrity and the reliability of GRAS.
3.What do you know about Genetically Modified Foods?Please argue for or against them.
Answer:open for discussion
Ⅱ.Judge,according to the text,whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F).
1.AZO is an additive used in bread to make flour white and help develop gluten.(T)
2.It is hard to see that it is a victory for our health when Subway removes AZO by pressure from its bread.(F)
3.Michael Jacobson points to the links between food dyes and children's behavior.However,he doesn't understand the difficulties of studying behavioral changes objectively.(F)
4.Processed foods dominate our diet because the chemicals in them do not pose any risks.(F)
Vocabulary
Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks with words that best complete the sentences.
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.B
Ⅱ.Fill in each blank with a word chosen from the box in its appropriate form.
1.whiten 2.chronically 3.addition 4.nutrient 5.disclose 6.processed 7.genetical 8.ingredients 9.volunteer 10.traction
Cloze
Of the four choices given below for each blank,choose the one that best fits into the passage.
1.D 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.D 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.B 16.A 17.C 18.D 19.A 20.C
Translation Exercises
A.Translate the following sentences into Chinese,using the skills you have just learnt.
1.In my opinion,as the governor and supervisor of the food safety,government has unshirkable responsibility for food contamination.我认为,作为食品安全的管理者和监督者,政府在食品污染问题上责无旁贷。
2.Some people blame it on those companies'lack of responsibilities.一些人认为这都是企业不负责任的表现。
3.South Korean President has ordered officials to“do everything possible for the search and rescue of the missing.”韩国总统已经下令各级官员尽一切可能搜救失踪乘客。
4.Finance ministers and central bankers in the G20 on Saturday supported China's argument that changes to its currency peg last month were a step towards a more market-determined exchange rate.上周六,各国财长和央行行长在G20会议上纷纷支持中国的说法,即上月出台的汇率机制改革,是向着更多地由市场决定汇率的目标迈出的一步。
5.Over 16 million American service members entered World War II,and 291,557 died on the battlefield.They became known as the US's“greatest generation”.超过1,600万的美国服役人员投入了二战,其中291,557人在战场上牺牲,而他们也被誉为美国“最伟大的一代”。
6.But why is US's“greatest generation”so poorly commemorated?There is no simple answer,only a tangle of history and politics,honor and sorrow.然而纪念美国“最伟大的一代”的活动为何少得可怜?各种历史和政治的原因错综复杂,交织着多少荣耀和悲哀。
7.European Union countries have been divided amid an unprecedented migrant influx.EU foreign affairs chief Federica Mogherini has warned that the migrant inflow is“here to stay”and called for a unifying European approach to effectively respond to it.面对史无前例的移民潮,欧盟成员国意见有分歧。欧盟外交事务主管/外长费代丽卡·莫盖里尼警告说,涌入的移民“来了就不会走”,呼吁各国采取团结一致的做法,对移民问题做出有效回应。
8.Today's Audis and many other brands already may be equipped with features like adaptive cruise control that keeps a car a safe distance and constant speed behind cars ahead.如今奥迪和其他很多品牌可能都装载了自适应巡航控制系统这类配置,能让汽车与前车保持安全距离,同时维持匀速行驶。
9.It's a good bet that driverless cars will be involved in far fewer accidents than ones with—otherwise,why have them?可以肯定的是,无人驾驶汽车出事的概率会比传统汽车要低——否则干嘛要研发它们呢?
10.If Google's search engine is not a“fair search”then it can influence what we read,where we shop and ultimately what we pay online.If Google is manipulating its rankings,consumers need to be told;and if Google is collecting unauthorized personal consumer information to give itself an unfair advantage,policymakers need to step in and protect consumer privacy and competition.如果谷歌的搜索引擎作弊,那么我们网上浏览什么内容、在何处购物,以及最后购买什么,都会受到影响。如果谷歌操纵搜索排名,消费者对此有知情权;如果谷歌未经授权搜集消费者个人信息,从而通过不正当手段获得竞争优势,政策制定者就有必要介入以保护消费者隐私,保护竞争。
B.Translate the following sentences from Text A into Chinese.
1.There's urethane in all bread,and you can easily get an entire loaf's worth of the chemical in one glass of wine.面包里都有氨基甲酸酯,而一杯葡萄酒所含的氨基甲酸酯相当于一整条面包中的含量。
2.These risk characteristics of food additives may result in a higher risk perception than justified based on the available evidence.从现有证据看,食品风险的这些特点可能导致人们对风险的敏感超出了合理的程度。
3.It's a designation for ingredients that have been well established,either by research or by a long history of consumption,to pose no threat.这个标识用于指那些根据研究或经过长期使用而确认没有危害的添加剂。
4.The lack of an agreed-upon definition can make straightforward advice like“avoid processed foods”troublesome.缺少一个公认的定义,会使“不吃加工食品”这类简单的建议难以落实。
5.It also shifts the discussion to ground where food manufacturers have science on their side and gives them an opportunity to look reasonable,safety-minded,even magnanimous.它还将讨论转移到食品生产商得到科学支持的领域,使他们有机会表现得富有理性、食品安全意识和宽宏的雅量。