健康成人上气道及周围结构的三维有限元模型的建立
【摘要】
目的：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）在人群中发病率较高，严重影响患者的生活质量和身体健康。上气道任何部位的狭窄或阻塞均可导致OSAHS的发生，而健康成人上气道形态的研究是OSAHS研究的基础，因此利用薄层CT扫描技术结合图像处理软件Mimics 13.0和有限元分析软件Ansys 8.0建立健康成人上气道及周围结构的三维有限元模型，为研究OSAHS奠定形态学的基础。
方法：选择一名牙列完整的健康青年男性志愿者作为测试对象，运用薄层CT扫描技术对测试对象的上气道及周围结构进行连续扫描，层厚0.625 mm，共得到CT图像177层。所得图像以DICOM格式数据文件刻录存盘，并导入Mimics 13.0软件和Ansys 8.0软件，建立健康成人上气道及周围结构的三维有限元模型。
结果：建立了与解剖结构高度相似的健康成人上气道及周围结构的三维有限元模型，采用10节点的Solid 92四面体单元划分网格。骨：18594单元，3588节点；软组织：29991单元，5622节点；气道：14447单元，2939节点。
结论：薄层CT扫描技术与图像处理软件Mimics 13.0和有限元分析软件Ansys 8.0相结合，建立健康成人上气道及周围结构的三维有限元模型，建模效率高、速度快，模型的几何相似性好、使用灵活，为后期OSAHS的研究奠定了基础，此模型可以作为今后深入研究OSAHS的原始模型，为OSAHS的研究提供新的方法和途径。
【关键词】上气道；三维有限元模型；薄层CT；Mimics软件；Ansys软件
Construction of the Three-dimensional Finite Element Model of the Upper Airway and Vicinity Structure of a Healthy Adult(https://www.daowen.com)
ABSTRACT
Objective：There is a high incidence of obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS）in common people,it affects patient’s living quality and health severely.It can lead to obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome when anywhere is narrow or block in upper airway.It is a basis to study healthy adult’s upper airway for studying upper airway of a patient of OSAHS.Our study was to construct a three-dimensional finite element model of the upper airway and vicinity structure of a healthy adult.
Methods：We chose a healthy young man who has no tooth lack as a test target.We scanned target’s upper airway and vicinity structure continuously with thin-section CT scanning.It was 0.625 mm per section and obtained 177 section images.The images preserved in DICOM pattern.The section images of a healthy adult’s upper airway acquired by thin-section CT scanning and digital image processing were utilized to construct a three-dimensional finite element model by Mimics and Ansys software.
Results：A satisfactory three-dimensional finite element model of a healthy adult’s upper airway and vicinity structure was constructed which including bone:18594 elements，3588 nodes；soft tissue：29991 elements，5622 nodes；upper airway：14447 elements，2939 nodes.
Conclusion：It is feasible，accurate and flexible to establish the three-dimensional finite element model of a healthy adult’s upper airway and vicinity structure by means of thin-section CT scanning technology and Mimics and Ansys software.It is a basis for more analysis of OSAHS.
Key words：upper airway；three-dimensional finite element model；thin-section CT；Mimics software；Ansys software