比较级和最高级
考点分析
形容词一般在句中做定语修饰名词或代词，做表语说明主语的性质、特征；而副词的作用较复杂，常常修饰形容词、副词、介词短语、动词或全句。形容词和副词比较等级的误用现象有：
（一）比较等级形式上的重复
例：The most easiest process for mining gold is panning，which involves using a circular dish with a small pocket at the bottom.
分析：easiest本身已是最高级，不必再用most，这是最高级形式上的重复。
（二）比较等级之间的混用
例：The greenest and plentifulest leaves are the leaves of grasses.
分析：plentiful是多音节形容词，须在前面加most构成最高级。
（三）比较词than的前面一定要有比较级
改错题中，通常会看见than前面有一个原级。
例：Film directors can take far great liberties in dealing with concepts of time and space than stage directors can.
分析：根据后面有than一词可以判定前面的形容词用比较级形式，great应改为greater。注意far，much修饰比较级。
（四）在as...as以及否定not so...as，not as...as的中间使用形容词原级
例：as sweeter as，这是不对的，应改为as sweet as。
（五）the与比较级最高级的关系
（1）比较级前面可以出现the，修饰后面的名词。
例：the taller boy
（2）副词的最高级加不加the均可以。
（3）形容词的最高级做定语前面必须使用the，如果不做定语的话，加不加the均可以。
例：Of all the Native Americans in the United States，the Navajos form largest group.
分析：形容词最高级前面要加定冠词，应改为form the largest。
（4）如果最高级前面有形容词性物主代词或所有格的话，不用加the。
例：my best friends
（六）than连接的两个比较对象不一致或不平行。
例：Nothing has created more bitterness，for example，that forced busing to achieve racial balance.
分析：more...than为比较级结构，因此that应改为than。
技巧点拨
要识别这类错误，考生应注意以下技巧：
（1）熟悉形容词和副词比较等级的基本结构和特殊用法。
（2）熟悉某些特殊形式的比较级和最高级，如good-better-best，little-less-least等。
（3）熟悉常见的比较结构，如as...as同级比较、“the more...，the more...”等。
（4）了解一些本身含有比较意义的形容词，如superior，senior等，这些词没有比较级和最高级形式，表示比较时也不与than连用，而与to连用。
典型真题
例1：
（61）Apple’s iPad may be latest and greatest tech gadget，but oddly enough，it also represents a return to a model that most tech companies long ago abandoned—vertical integration.（北京大学2012年）
【名师点评】be latest→be the latest。形容词的最高级。形容词的最高级作定语前面必须使用the。
例2：
Of the remaining fraction，which is somewhat fewer 10 than 1%of the whole，there is 10～20 times as much stored as underground water as is actually on the surface.（南开大学2008年）
【名师点评】fewer→less。比较级误用。文中的remaining fraction指代water，为不可数名词，因此不能用fewer，要用less。
例3：
36.An American university president once commented that“Einstein has created anew outlook，a new view of the universe.
It may be some generationsbefore ABthe averagemind grasps the identity of time and space，and so on，but even ordinary men understand now that the universe is something vastthan ever thought before.”（中国社会科学院
CD2010年）
【名师点评】C。形容词比较级误用。句中出现than，因此，something vast应改为something vaster。故答案为C。
例4：
（72）Switching from diesel fuel to unleaded helps，as do newer and cleaner cars that are more likely to spew pollutants.Power plants—even ones that burn fossil fuels like coal—can be fitted with pollution-control equipment that，at a price，will greatly reduce smog and other contaminants.
（73）But the best solutions may involve urban design.In the Guardian，John Vidal notes that Delhi now has 200 cars per 1，000 people，far more than much rich Asian cities like Hong Kong and Singapore.（北京大学2013年）(https://www.daowen.com)
【名师点评】more→less。根据常识可知，更洁净的新型车产生的污染会更小一些，因此将more改为less。
rich→richer。根据句中的than可知，前后形成比较，因此，应使用比较级。
例5：
33.The work confirms hints
had already been emerging in the scientific literaturein recent years and that related proteins might play an important role in life，but the newpaper is 
—and，scientists say，more compelling
anything
previously.（社会科学院2007年）
【名师点评】C。than对等结构。破折号的内容是插入成分，与C构成对等结构的是B中的more，应该用than，构成more...than结构。
实战演练
1.He ran away from it because he fancied that he had been ill-treated，and soon found it easy to make more money by thieving as his father had done by a lifetime of honest work.____
2.For 
of the past 30 years it has also managed its affairs 
better 
itssouthern Mediterranean peers 
3.The report says that evidence from around the world shows the risk of maternal or infant
and death is 
in four specific types of pregnancy；pregnancies 
the mother is 18 years old；those after the mother is 35 years old；pregnancies afterfour births；and those 
than two years apart.
4.Power should 
used with moderation；for whoever finds himself 
valiant menwill 
that no man is superior 
others.
5.From the 1940s through the early 1960s，Americans married at a high rate and at a younger age than their European counterparts.
6.More me and women are waiting 
get married and are using
devices and 
to prevent and delay 
7.
price，place，promotion，and product are among 
conventional
planning marketing 
8.Running an ETF isn’t 
to begin with，mostly 
thebill for shareholder 
tasks is 
9.Bruckner’s Ninth Symphony，
the composer dedicated to 
God，isan unfinished work 
only three 
10.The 
swimming pool 
to be a great deal 
than 
necessary.
11.A light with 
power than 
by an ordinary electric 
becomes intensely strong as it is 
a pinpoint-sized beam.
12.Indeed，almost 
now finds it is impossible 
relevantto his own subject，
extensively 
13.Generally speaking，
immigrants cannot totally 
with
and be assimilated by 
14.
two stages in the development of civilized man were 
the invention ofweapons and the discovery of fire，although nobody knows exactly when he
of 
15.Individually and collectively，he has enjoyed a 
as a batting run
and an integral member of one of the 
cricket teams
16.In his lifetime，he enjoyed a reputation great，if not as greater as Beethoven.____
17.
generally agree that the Earth’s climate will 
over the next 
100years 
much as it has warmed in the 20，000 years since the Ice Age.
18.
the standard of living and 
the national wealth，
theamount of paper 
19.I understand 
most the enormous 
preparation that the staff must
pressure 
meet the deadline.
20.Consequently，viewing children potentially acceptable and necessarily multifaceted
of society means 
they are regarded more 
people in their own right
as utilitarian organisms.
答案解析
1.as→than。than对等结构。句中的more表明此句应有比较级的结构，as不能引导比较级，应改为than。
2.B。比较级修饰词。quite不能修饰比较级，而far可以修饰比较级。因此quite应改为far。
3.D。形容词比较级书写错误。little的比较级形式为less，lesser是同根词，意为“较少的；次要的；更小的”。因此lesser改为less。
4.D。介词搭配错误。superior本身含有比较级，但却不能与than连用，要跟to搭配。be superior to意为“比……更优，更好”。因此than改为to。
5.high→higher。此处意为美国人结婚率比欧洲人高，有与欧洲人相比的意思，因此应用比较级。将high改为higher。
6.A。比较级结构。longer本身就是比较级，不需再加more。因此，去掉more。
7.B。最高级结构。among与最高级连用，表示“在……中最……”，more的原形为much或many，最高级为most。因此，more应改为most。
8.A。比较级结构。在比较结构中，形容词可以做前置或后置修饰语修饰名词，但是若限定词修饰名词时，则只能做前置修饰。因此，as a mutual fund expensive as应改为as expensive a mutual fund as。
9.B。比较级结构。not less than和no less than有不同的含义，前者为一般意义上的比较级，意为“不少于……”，而后者意在言其多。因此，应该用no less than结构。
10.D。比较级结构。在比较句中，than可以做代词，兼有连词和代词的性质。在这种情况下，句子的主语可以省略，留下谓语。根据前面的谓语seems判定，being应改为is。
11.B。比较级结构。as表示原级比较，不与than用在一起，应将as去掉，相当于A light with no more power than the power that is produced by...，其中that代替power，表示相比较的事物。
12.C。比较级结构。因题干中谓语动词finds的真正宾语为to read...，所以much less应用不定式，与to read复合宾语的成分相对等。
13.A。最高级误用。the most后面应跟最高级，most做形容词时意思是“大多数的”，后面直接跟名词。因此，去掉most前面的the。
14.D。比较级误用。latest意为“最后的，最新的”，放在这里不符合句意，应该改为latter，意为“（两者中的）后者”。
15.C。最高级结构。successful为多音节形容词，需在前面加上most构成最高级，即the most successful。
16.比较级结构。表示两个成分进行比较的时候，其中一个与另一个齐名，或者更好的时候，常常采用这种结构：“as+形容词原级，if not+形容词比较级，as+名词”。因此，great，if not as greater as Beethoven应 改 为as great，if not greater，as Beethoven。
17.D。比较级误用。than前面需要有形容词或副词的比较级形式，根据后面的as提示，此处应用as much as结构，意为“和……一样多”。
18.C。比较结构。“the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定结构，意为“越……就越……”。因此，greater前应加the。
19.A。比较级结构。better为good的比较级形式，后面应跟than。understand better than...是固定搭配，意为“对……非常理解”。
20.D。比较级结构。在此句中前面有more这个词，这句是比较句型，因此句中的so应改为than。