Passage 4
If you smoke and you still don’t believe that there’s a definite link between smoking and bronchial troubles，heart disease and lung cancer，then you are certainly deceiving yourself.No one will accuse you of hypocrisy.Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of wishful thinking.This needn’t make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company.Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised，the governments of most countries hear no evil，see no evil and smell no evil.Admittedly，a few governments have taken timid measures.In Britain for instance，cigarette advertising has been banned on television.The conscience of the nation is appeased，while the population continues to puff its way to smoky，cancerous death.
You don’t have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been so lukewarm.The answer is simply money.Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax.It’s almost like a tax on our daily bread.In tax revenue alone，the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for its entire educational facilities.So while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may，conceivable，be harmful，it doesn’t do to shout too loudly about it.
This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine.While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand，it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other.Enormous amounts are spent on cancer research and on efforts to cure people suffering from the disease.Countless valuable lives are lost.In the long run，there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether.
Of course，we are not ready for such a drastic action.But if the governments of the world were honestly concerned about the welfare of their peoples，you’d think they’d conduct aggressive anti-smoking campaigns.Far from it！The tobacco industry is allowed to spend staggering sums on advertising.Its advertising is as insidious as it is dishonest.We are never shown pictures of real smokers coughing up their lungs early in the morning.That would never do.The advertisement always depicts virile，clean-shaven young men.They suggest it is manly to smoke，even positively healthy！Smoking is associated with the great open-air life，with beautiful girls，true love and togetherness.What utter nonsense！
For a start，governments could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco advertising and should then conduct anti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own.Smoking should be banned in all public places like theatres，cinemas and restaurants.Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the dire consequences of taking up the habit.A horrific warning—say，a picture of a death’s head—should be included in every packet of cigarettes that is sold.As individuals，we are certainly weak，but if governments acted honestly and courageously，they could protect us from ourselves.
1.Why do a few governments take timid measures toward smoking？
A.Because they are afraid of people.
B.Because diseases cost a lot.
C.Because they are afraid of the cutting down of their revenue.
D.Because they are afraid of manufacturers.
2.The tone of this passage is____.
A.critical B.ironical
C.distaste D.amusing
3.What does the sentence“because you are in good company”mean？
A.You are backed by the government.
B.You are not alone.
C.You have good colleagues.
D.Governments are blind to evils of smoking too.
4.What is the main idea of this passage？
A.World governments should conduct serious campaigns against smoking.
B.World governments take timid measures against smoking.
C.Smoking is the most important source of income to many countries.
D.Tobacco industry spends a large sum of money on medical research.
5.All of the following statements are correct EXCEPT____.
A.governments collect a great amount of money from the tobacco industry
B.most governments hold ambiguous attitudes toward new findings about the
harm of smoking
C.some governments have taken radical measures against smoking
D.advertisements by tobacco industry are quite dishonest
Words&Expressions
bronchial adj. 支气管的(https://www.daowen.com)
hypocrisy n. 虚伪
lukewarm adj. 冷淡的，漠然的
conceivable adj. 可以想象的
a wishful thinking 根据愿望的想法，不顾事实的想法
puff v. 喷
puff its way to 一路吞云吐雾地走向（指抽烟抽到死）
insidious adj. 阴险的，狡猾的
virile adj. 年富力强的
dire adj. 可怕的，悲惨的
文章大意
假如你吸烟，依然认为吸烟和支气管炎、心脏病、肺癌等毫无关系，那你是自欺欺人。可没有人会说你虚伪。我们可以说你是患上了一厢情愿病。你无须太难受，因为你有好伙伴。每当提出吸烟和健康相关的问题时，大多数国家的政府对其恶果视而不见、听而不闻、嗅而不觉。不得不承认，一些政府采取了软弱无力的政策。比如，在英国，香烟广告只是禁止在电视上播放。政府的良心得到了告慰，然而，人们还是一路吞云吐雾直到致癌死亡。
你不用看得很远就能发现为什么官方对医学成果的反应如此冷淡，答案就是钱。烟草是征税的最奇妙的商品，几乎就像日用面包的税收。光烟草税收一项，英国政府就从抽烟者身上征收到足以支付所有教育设施的费用。所以在当局那么谨慎地指出吸烟有害时，可以想象，喊叫得太响是不行的。
这无疑是你能想象到的最缺乏远见的政策。一方面急切地收敛大笔金钱，另一方面还要不断地花费更大一笔钱。很大一笔钱花在了癌症研究和治愈癌症患者身上。不计其数的宝贵生命终止了。从长远来看，毫无疑问，如果抽烟能够完全禁止的话，每个人的生活都将会更加富裕。
当然，我们还没做好准备迎接如此巨大的行动，但是，如果世界各国政府都能够诚心诚意地关心其国民福利的话，你能想到各国政府会发起有力的禁烟运动。事实并非如此！烟草工业是允许在广告上花费惊人巨款的。其广告的阴险正如其欺骗性一样。我们从来都不会在广告上看到抽烟者在清晨咳肺的真实画面，从来都不会。广告上描绘的从来都是胡子刮得干干净净的年轻男子。这些广告暗示吸烟展现了男子气概，甚至是有益健康的，吸烟是和美好的户外生活、美女、真爱及聚会联系在一起的。纯属一派胡言！
作为起步，政府可以从禁止烟草广告开始，然后开展抵制吸烟的广告运动。一切公共场合，如戏院、电影院、餐馆等应禁止吸烟。应竭尽全力告诫青年，尤其是告诫他们染上恶习的严重后果。在零售的每包烟盒上应有令人胆战心惊的警告：例如，一幅骷髅头画像。作为个人，我们力量薄弱，可是如果政府真诚地鼓舞人心地行动起来，他们可以保护我们。
答案、考点及解析
1.【答案】C
【考点】细节理解题
【解析】本题应选C项“因为他们害怕收入减少。”答案见第二段“You don’t have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been so lukewarm.The answer is simply money.”A项“他们害怕人民。”和D项“他们害怕厂商。”在文中没有提到。B项错在说因为疾病花费很大，所以一些政府采取软弱无力的禁烟措施，而是因为采取了软弱政策，所以疾病花费很大。
2.【答案】B
【考点】作者态度题
【解析】这篇文章的语气应是讽刺语气，特别表现在第一段、第四段。A项“批评语气”不适合，虽然整篇文章都在批评，但这不是什么语气问题。而这里应是以讽刺的口吻批评政府软弱的禁烟政策。C项“厌恶”和D项“有趣”都不是正确答案。
3.【答案】D
【考点】细节理解题
【解析】本题应选D项“政府对吸烟的恶果也是视而不见。”A项“政府支持。”太明朗化。B项“你不是单独一人。”和C项“你有好同事。”都是似是而非的答案。答案可以通过上下文理解得出来，第一段提到“This needn’t make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company”；下文进行了解释“每当提出吸烟和健康有关的问题时，大多数国家的政府对其恶果视而不见、听而不闻、嗅而不觉。”由此可见，A、B、C三项不正确。
4.【答案】A
【考点】文章主旨大意题
【解析】本题应选A项“世界各国政府应该开展严厉的禁烟运动”。前面四段都是讲的现象：（1）政策软弱；（2）烟草的税收高，所以未被禁止；（3）这项政策的后果是疾病花费大于烟草税收；（4）烟草广告泛滥毒害人，唯一的解救办法就是禁烟。最后一段是结论，也是画龙点睛的主题和标题。B项“世界各国政府采取的禁烟政策软弱无力。”C项“吸烟是许多国家的重要收入。”D项“烟草工厂在医疗研究上花了大笔费用。”这三项都不是本文的主题。
5.【答案】C
【考点】多项细节排除题
【解析】A选项在文中的第二段“the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for its entire educational facilities”及第四段都有体现。B选项见第二段“You don’t have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been so lukewarm”。C选项在文章中没有提到。D项从第四段“Its advertising is as insidious as it is dishonest”可以推断出。