Treatment
（1）Treatment of underlying diseases.
（2）weight-reduction if obese，Salt-poor diet.
（3）avoid drugs，which may aggravate cardiac failure（NSAID，steroids，doxo-/daunorubicin etc.）.
（4）Bedrest oxygen etc.in acute exacerbation.
（5）Drugs，the long-term therapeutic can have obvious effect.esp especially：ACE-inhibitors，AT1-blockers，cardio selectiveβ-blockers，Spironolactone.
（6）Drugs can improve symptoms，but not long-term medication，esp especially：Diuretics，digoxin，dopamine，dobutamine，nitrates.
（7）Digoxin：in cases of heart failure associated with atrial fibrillation（and stage4）.
（8）Other drugs：-nitrates/hydralazine in pulmonary edema，if available+BP ok.
dopamine/dobutamine In cardiac failure with cardiogenic shock.
Treatment acc.To NYHA-staging
Stage1：ACE-inhibitor.
Stage2：ACE-inhibitor+cardio-selectiveβ-bloker.
Stage3：ACE-inhibitor+cardio-selectβ-bloker+frusemide（po/iv）（+spironolacton）.(https://www.daowen.com)
Stage4：ACE-inhibitor+cardio-selectiveβ-bloker+frusemide（iv）+spironolacton.
Abbreviations
JVP：颈静脉搏动
Abd：腹部
Kerley B-lines：柯斯B线
ECHO/abdominal：心脏/腹部B超
occ（occasionally）：偶尔
TX（treatment）：治疗
U&E：尿和电解质
NSAID：非甾体抗炎药
BP：血压
NYHA-staging（New York Heart Association）：纽约心脏协会分期
译文