Reading Further
1.He has gained great success as a film actor, having starred in some of the greatest movies of his generation. 作为一名电影演员,他获得了巨大的成功,出演了他那个时代的一些最伟大的电影。
【注意】句中的having starred in some of the greatest movies of his generation 部分是-ing 分词的完成形式作时间状语,强调star 这个动词先于谓语动词发生。
Having been ill for two weeks （Because she had been ill for two weeks), she felt rather weak.
因为生病两周了,她感觉非常虚弱。
Having been told many times （Though he had been told many times), he still did not know how to do it.
即使被告知过很多次了,他还不知道怎么做。
【辨析】-ing 分词的原形作状语,表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生。
She was in the kitchen preparing （and she was preparing) supper. 她在厨房里做晚餐。
Walking （As I was walking) in the street, I saw him. 在街上走的时候,我看到了他。
2. His career reached a peak in 1990s beginning with Big （1988) for which he got his first Oscar nomination. 20 世纪90 年代,由于主演《飞越未来》（1988),他的事业达到了顶峰,为此他获得了第一个奥斯卡奖提名。
peak n. the point when sb. or sth. is best, most successful, strongest, etc. 巅峰
The climbers made camp half-way up the peak. 登山队员在半山腰扎营。
Traffic reaches a peak between 8 and 9 in the morning. 早晨八九点钟是交通的高峰时刻。
She’s at the peak of her career. 她正处于她事业的顶峰。
【注意】句中for which he got his first Oscar nomination 部分是“介词+关系代词which”的结构。 which 在引导定语从句时,从句中的介词有时可以提前到关系代词的前面。 这个句子等于His career reached a peak in 1990s beginning with Big （1988) which he got his first Oscar nomination for。 类似的例子有:
This is the reason for which I was late （which/that I was late for). 这就是我迟到的原因。
Great changes have taken place in the city in which we live （which/that we live in).
我们所居住的城市发生了巨大的变化。
Can you explain these words about which I’m not sure （which/that I’m not sure about).
你能解释一下这些我不太确定的词吗?
TIP
“介词+which”结构中,关系代词不能用that 替换。 “介词+which”用于修饰物品。 如果先行词是人,需要使用“介词+whom”的结构。 “介词+whom”结构中不能用who 替代whom。
He is the student to whom I talked （whom/who I talked to) at the party.
他就是在聚会上和我交谈的学生。
The gentleman with whom I share an office （whom/who I share an office with) is very friendly.
和我一个办公室的男士非常友好。
【拓展】“介词+which”结构有时也会以“介词短语+which”的形式出现。
He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tall tree.
他住在一幢大房子里,房前有一棵高高的大树。
They are going to climb a mountain on top of which lies a lake.
他们将会爬一座山,山顶有一个湖。
3.He became the second actor to win the award in consecutive years.(https://www.daowen.com)
他成为第二位连续两年赢得这个奖项的演员。
【注意】句中to win the award in consecutive years 是动词不定式作定语,修饰前面的actor。 由only, first,last 以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常常接不定式作定语。
He is always the last one to leave the office. 他总是最后一个离开办公室。
The best time to visit Chongqing is in spring or autumn.
到重庆旅游的最佳时间是春季或秋季。
He is the third one to get to the top of the mountain. 他是第三个爬到山顶的人。
4.It is no wonder that Cast Away earned him nominations once again.
难怪《荒岛求生》这部影片为他再次赢得了提名。
It’s no wonder （that)…难怪……
You’ve walked for ten miles. It’s no wonder （It’s not surprising) you’re tired.
你已经走了十英里,难怪你很累。
It is little wonder （that) she was so upset. Her dog died. 难怪她很难过,她的狗死了。
Brad was Jane’s brother！ No wonder he reminded me so much of her！
布莱德是简的兄弟！ 难怪他总是让我想到她！
5. In November 2016 Hanks received the Presidential Medal of Freedom for his contribution to the arts.
2016 年11 月,汉克斯因为他在艺术方面的杰出贡献而被授予“总统自由勋章”。
receive vt. 受到；接收；对……做出反应
He received （was given/presented with) an award for bravery from the police service.
他因其勇敢行为受到警务部门的嘉奖。
He was received （was greeted or welcomed) as an honoured guest at the White House.
他在白宫受到了贵宾的礼遇。
His first poem was not well received （People didn’t react well to his first poem).
他的第一首诗反响不太好。
We receive （pick up signals of) programmes via satellite. 我们通过卫星收看节目。
6.He has also used his special position to address several causes such as environmental issues and the development of alternative fuels. 他也用他的特殊地位来推动一些如环保和替代性能源发展的事业。
address vt. to direct one’s attention to （a problem)； to deal with sth. 把注意力集中于（某问题)；致力于某事
Governments have been slow to address （deal with) the problem of global warming.
政府在应对全球变暖的问题时行动很迟缓。
cause n. an organisation, belief, or aim that a group of people support or fight for 高尚的目标或事业
She is devoted to the cause of woman’s rights. 她致力于妇女权利的事业。
People who tried to protect animal rights raised £70,000 for their cause last year.
动物保护主义者们为他们的事业筹集了七万英镑。