D
达尔文 Darwin,Charles,3,12,186;论意图 and design,13;论完善 on perfection,14,164;对严复的影响 influence on Yen Fu,53—54,72;论强权与公理 on might vs.right,67;最初的影响 first influence of,75—79;论后天性状 on acquired characteristics,103—104,304—305;论斗争与自然选择 on struggle and natural selection,105—106,108,136,142;论物种的变异 on the modification of species,109;论人类在自然界的位置 on man's place in nature,110;论群体的团结 on group solidarity,111;对达尔文的批评 criticism of,139,209—210,305—306,339,382;与宗教 and religion,145,219,221;与中国的史学革命 and China's historical revolution,193,194;与祖先 and ancestors,201,202;作为道德斗士 as champion of morality,237—243,259,397;与唯物主义 and materialism,256;达尔文的不朽 immortality of,296;与民族主义 and nationalism,310;与孙中山 and Sun Yat-sen,317;与革命 and revoltion,318,325;与华莱士 and Wallace,347,389;论自然选择 on natural selection,354,410;与社会主义 and socialism,355—370;与无政府主义者 and Anarchists,370—433;论种族 on race,378;克鲁泡特金对达尔文的批评 criticized by Kropotkin,391,402;其信徒 disciple of,396;论互助 on mutual aid,397—398;与自然权利 and natural rights,423;与新文化运动 and New Culture Movement,438;与唯科学主义 and scientism,442;被马克思取代 superseded by Marx,448;其影响的概述 summary of influence of,448—453;达尔文的遗产 legacy of,453—458;康有为论 K'ang Yu-wei on,187注释;另见达尔文主义;达尔文主义的介绍《达尔文的世纪》Darwin's Century(艾斯利 Eiseley),11
达尔文主义 Darwinism:在中国的接受 acceptance of in China,60;与道家学说,and Taoism,77;与种族主义 and racism,97,117,378;麦孟华的达尔文主义 of Mai Meng-hua,114;在湖南 in Hunan,128;利用达尔文主义排满 anti-Manchu use of,181,187;与儒家学说 and Confucianism,217,219—220,231—233,411;与基督教 and Christianity,230—231;与中国寻求统一 and Chinese search for unity,234—235;与唯意志论 and voluntarism,271—272;对达尔文主义的滥用 misuse of,274—275,288,324;佛教达尔文主义 Buddhistic,293,299,304,306;与民族主义 and nationalism,310;成问题的达尔文主义,questioned,316;与民主 and democracy,335,339;与革命 and revolution,340;无政府主义者的达尔文主义 of the Anarchists,372;科学达尔文主义与社会达尔文主义 scientific vs.social,374;被曲解的达尔文主义 misunderstood,378,382,435—436;与自然权利 and natual rights,423;达尔文主义的第二次登场 second round of,436,444,448;作为实用主义 as pragmatism,444;另见达尔文主义的介绍;达尔文引发的神话。
达尔文主义的引进 introduction of Darwinism:引进的延误 delay in,4;翻译著作的影响 effect of translations,4;改革派传教士对达尔文主义的引进 by reformer missionaries,5;延误的原因 cause of delay in,5—6;严复对达尔文主义的引进 by Yen Fu,7—8,78—79,83;与康有为 and K'ang Yu-wei,7;与梁启超 and Liang Ch'i-ch'ao,7,180—181;引进的时间差 timing of,62;术语的传播 spread of terms of,116
达雷尔 Durrel,杰拉德 Gerald,104—105
大脑 Brain,人类 human,的进化 evolution of,346—347
大同 Ta t'ung(the Great Unity),18,125,227;康有为的发现 K'ang Yu-wei's discovery of,31—45;其涵义 meaning of,32—33;其可塑性 flexibility of,33;《礼运》里的描述 described in “Li yun”,35,357;与进步 and progress,36;对梁启超的影响 influence on Liang Ch'i-ch'ao,88;呼唤大同 appeal of,112;与斗争的必要性 and necessity for struggle,113;其名字的传播 spread of name,115;与国际法 and international law,140;摈弃大同 rejection of,314;与社会主义 and socialism,357
《大同书》Ta t'ung shu(康有为),18—21;信仰进步 faith in progress,21;其对西方的借鉴 borrowing from West in,21—25;与“杂种” and “mixing the race”,147
大我 ta wo(Great I),293—295,297;在人民中的生命 life of in the people,298—299
道 Tao:与黑格尔的“精神”相比较 compared to Hegel's “Spirit”,38;康有为论 K'ang Yu-wei on,43—44;孔子论 Confucius on,44,422;严复的新理解 Yen Fu's new interpretation of,77,164—165,166,171;西方之道与儒家之道 Western vs.Confucian,233;梁启超论 Liang Ch'i-ch'ao on,236
道德 morality:儒家的力量基础 Confucian basis of strength,65,222,228;严复的论述 Yen Fu's treatment of,67;服从于进化 subject to evolution,222—223,412;达尔文作为道德斗士 Darwin as champion of,237—243;“公德” “public”,238—240,248;“新道德” “new”,240;与功利主义 and utilitarianism,243;个体道德与国家道德的对比 individual vs.national,314;与互助 and mutual aid,395;另见新道德 new morality
道德进化 moral evolution,吴稚晖论 Wu Chih-hui on,421
《道德经》Tao te Ching(老子),174,277
道德心 conscience,与通过互助的生存 and survival through cooperation,160,161
道家学说 Taoism,404;论斗争 on struggle,61—62;达尔文主义的,Darwinian,77,145,449;严复的 of Yen Fu,164—165,169,174;与斯宾塞 and Spencer,170;与儒家学说 and Confucianism,229;其功利主义 utilitarianism of,251;与克己 and self-restraint,277—278;论积极与消极的对比 on being active vs.passive,349;与达尔文主义 and Darwinism,411(https://www.daowen.com)
德国 Germany:好战 militancy of,264,265,266;自信 self-confidence of,270
德日进 Chardin,Pierre Teilhard de,302
帝国主义 imperialism,270;汪康年论 Wang K'ang-nien on,94—95;与作为“不适者”的中国 and China as “unfit”,231—232;梁启超论 Liang Ch'i-ch'ao on,310;与达尔文 and Darwin,310—316;中国的帝国主义之梦 Chinese dream of,313;中国人对西方帝国主义的愤慨 Chinese anger at Western,315—316;与资本主义 and capitalism,361;另见反对帝国主义anti-imperialism
《地学浅释》 Elements of Geology(侠雷儿 Lyell),4;对康有为的影响 influence on K'ang Yu-wei,26
第一次世界大战 World War I,对达尔文主义的影响 effect on Darwinism,439—440
地主 landlords:作为原始资本家 as proto-capitalists,365—366;与马克思主义 and Marxism,451—452
丁尼生 Tennyson,Alfred,168
丁韪良 Martin,W.A.P.:进步思想的传播者as preacher of progress,5;论国际法 on international law,140
董仲舒 Tung Chung-shu,29,31
斗争 struggle:与达尔文主义的兴起 and rise of Darwinism,7;康有为论斗争的必要 K'ang Yu-wei on necessity of,43;严复论 Yen Fu on,55,60,65;与群 and the ch'ün,60,63,452;中国人对斗争观念的反应 Chinese reaction to idea,61,139;社会有机体的斗争 social organisms,65;中国的斗争 of China,66,105;作为自然秩序 as the nature order,75—76,311;达尔文论 Darwin on,105,138,143;与侠的理想 and hsia ideal,113;与世界史 and world history,130;“泙澼子”论 “Ping-p'i-tzu” on,136;斯宾塞论 Spencer on,133;斗争的格斗学说 gladiatorial theory of,139;国际法取代斗争 international law as alternative to,140—143;唐才常论 T'ang Ts'ai-ch'ang on,143;与宗教 and religion,144—154;与公德 and the kung te,260;与尚武的必要 and need for militancy,260—262;与毅力 and perservance,267;赫胥黎与梁启超论道德和斗争 Huxley vs.Liang Ch'i-ch'ao on morality and,275—277;赫胥黎与颉德论 Huxley vs.Kidd on,286—287;与民族帝国主义 and national imperialism,310—311,314—315;等同于革命 equated with revolution,318;与暴力 and violence,325—326;与社会主义 and socialism,360,361,370;与互助 vs.mutual aid,390;马克思主义者论 Marxists on,444,451—452;另见适者生存 survival of fittest
独裁专制 dictatorship:梁启超论 Liang Ch'i-ch'ao on,337—341;与土地问题 and land problem,366;孙中山论 Sun Yat-sen on,447;另见开明专制 enlightened dictatorship
杜甫 Tu Fu,265