Is the Conventional View Correct?

The findings which are beginning to emerge from the social sciences challenge this whole set of beliefs about man and human nature and about the task of management.The evidence is far from conclusive，certainly，but it is suggestive.It comes from the laboratory，the clinic，the schoolroom，the home，and even to a limited extent from industry itself.

The social scientist does not deny that human behavior in industrial organization today is approximately what management perceives it to be.He had，in fact，observed it and studied it fairly extensively.But he is pretty sure that this behavior is not a consequence of man's inherent nature.It is a consequence rather of the nature of industrial organizations，of management philosophy，policy，and practice.The conventional approach of Theory X is based on mistaken notions of what is cause and what is effect.(https://www.daowen.com)

Perhaps the best way to indicate why the conventional approach of management is inadequate is to consider the subject of motivation.