Fundamental Frequency Values

The rate of vocal fold vibration is quantified as the fundamental frequency（F0），expressed in Hertz（Hz）.For example，when a speaker has a F0 of 300 Hz，their vocal folds are vibrating at a rate of 300 times per second.The rate of vocal fold vibration determines the perceived pitch of speech sounds（吴宗济，1992，曹文，2002，Jongman et al.，2006）.A vocal fold vibration is a cyclic process achieved by a complex combination of aerostatic and aerodynamic forces operating with airflow and laryngeal muscle forces.Changes in fundamental frequency（or in a rate of vocal fold vibration）are made by manipulating tension in the vocal folds.This tension is increased or decreased by the laryngeal muscles，particularly the cricothyroid muscle and the thyroarytenoids（Jongman et al.，2006）.