12.3.3 Section B 知识要点
1.flew a kite 放风筝
fly→flew v.飞行
(1)fly 此处用作及物动词,意为“放飞”。例如:
My brother helped me to fly the model plane.我的哥哥帮助我放飞飞机模型。
(2)fly to sp.= go to sp.by plane/air 飞往某地。例如:
Can we fly to the Mars in the future? 我们未来可以飞往火星吗?
2.Did you do anything interesting last weekend? 上周末你干过有趣的事吗?
anything interesting 有趣的事(用于否定句和疑问句中),相当于 any interesting things,肯定句中用 something interesting 或 some interesting things。当形容词修饰不定代词时,形容词需后置。例如:
This isn’t anything important.这并不是什么重要的事情。
There is something wrong with my computer.我的电脑出问题了。
3.My sister finished high school two weeks ago.我的姐姐(妹妹)两周前高中毕业了。
“一段时间+ago”,用于一般过去时。例如:
I know a little about Indonesia,as I went there five years ago.关于印度尼西亚我知道一点点,因为我五年前去过那里。
4.There we put up our tents and made a fire to keep us warm and cook food on.我们在那里搭起帐篷、生火取暖做饭。
(1)put up 此处表示“搭建起”,还可以表示“张贴、举起、建造”。例如:
Please put up your hand if you have any question.如果你有任何问题,请举手。
The desk is too heavy.Would you please help me to put it up? 这个书桌太重了。你能帮我把它举起来吗?
put away 放好;整理好 put on 穿上;上演
put off 推迟 put down 放下
(2)make a fire 生火 catch fire 着火 play with fire 玩火
例如:He went home and made a fire.他回到家里并生了火。
(3)keep us warm 让我们保暖
keep sb./sth.+ adj.让某人或某物保持某种状态
keep healthy 保持健康
keep doing sth.不停地做某事
例如:We kept talking until the meeting was over.我们不停地讨论直到会议结束。
keep sb.doing sth.使某人一直做某事
例如:Please keep him talking.请让他一直说。
5.On the first night,we just sat under the moon and told each other stories.在第一个晚上,我们仅坐在月光下并给彼此讲故事。
each other 意为“互相、彼此”,相当于 one another,常用作宾语。例如:
They were friendly to each other.他们彼此友善。
We chatted with each other.我们互相聊天。
6.But I was so tired that I went to sleep early.但我很累,很早就去睡了。
so...that...意为“如此……以至于……;太……以至于”,so是副词,后接形容词和副词,that引导结果状语从句。结构:so+ adj./adv.+ that+句子。例如:
He is so young that he can’t look after himself.他太小了以至于他不能照顾自己。
The girl swam so fast that I couldn’t catch up with her.这个女孩游得如此之快以至于我赶不上她。
7.The next morning,my sister and I got a terrible surprise.第二天早上,我姐姐和我大吃一惊。
(1)the next morning 表示“第二天早上”,以过去或者将来某个时间为起点的第二天早上;
next morning 表示“明天早上”,以现在为起点的第二天早上。例如:
I started the next morning.我第二天早上开始。
We will pay a visit her next morning.我们明早去拜访她。
★进阶层
(2)get a surprise 吃惊
surprise n.惊讶(不可数名词)
in surprise 惊讶地
to one’s surprise 让某人惊讶的是
surprise v.使……惊讶
surprise sb.使某人惊讶
surprised adj.感到惊讶的
be surprised at sth.对某事感到惊讶(https://www.daowen.com)
be surprised to do sth.做某事而感到惊讶
be surprised + that 从句 因……而惊讶
surprising adj.令人感到惊讶的
例如:To our surprise,the twin brothers went to Peking University at the same time last year.让我们惊讶的是,这对双胞胎兄弟去年在同一时间都去了北大。
8.When we looked out of our tent,we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire.我们从帐篷向外面看去,看到了一条大蛇正在篝火边睡觉。
(1)look out 向外看,若表示“向外看某物”用look out at sth.若表示“向……外看”用look out of。例如:
Don’t look out of the window in rainy days.下雨天不要向窗户外看。
(2)look out 还可以表示“小心”,“对……小心”用look out for。例如:
Look out for the coming car.小汽车来了,要小心。
(3)see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事,强调动作正在进行。
see sb.do sth.看见某人做过某事,强调某动作已经结束,也指经常性的动作。例如:
I often see the boy study English in the morning.我经常看到这个男孩在早上学英语。
I saw Neil playing basketball on the playground when I walked by.当我路过时,我看到尼尔在操场上打篮球。
9.I was so scared that I couldn’t move.我害怕极了,不敢动。
(1)scared adj.常用作表语,表示“惊慌的、吓怕的”,常用的搭配为:be scared of 害怕……;be scared to do sth.害怕去做某事。例如:
He was scared of storms.他害怕暴风雨。
The little girl is scared to cross the road.这个小女孩害怕过马路。
scared adj.感到害怕的,修饰人
scary adj.吓人的,害怕的,修饰物
例如:I’m scared when I watched the scary movie.当我看那部恐怖电影时我被吓坏了。
(2)move v.移动
move to +地点 搬到某地
10.My dad started to jump up and down in their tent.我爸爸开始在他们的帐篷里跳来跳去。
(1)start 后常接名词、动词不定式或者动名词作宾语,用法相当于begin。例如:
When shall we start the class? 我们可以开始上课了吗?
Let’s start discussing/to discuss about the next question.让我们讨论下一个问题。
start to do sth.和start doing sth.都表示“开始做某事”,但在以下情况中通常用start to do sth.,而不用start doing sth.。
① 主语是“物”而不是“人”时。例如:
The ice started to melt.冰开始融化了
② start 本身为-ing 形式时。例如:
He is just starting to do homework.他正要开始写作业了。
③ 后接know,understand,realize 这类词时。例如:
I start to understand my parents.我开始懂我父母了。
(2)up and down 上上下下;来来回回
11.This woke the snake up and it moved into the forest near the lake.这使得蛇醒过来了,游进了湖边的森林里。
(1)woke the snake up 把蛇弄醒
wake v.弄醒,醒
wake up 醒来;睡醒 wake sb.up 把某人叫醒
wake 作不及物动词,表示“醒来”,常同up连用。例如:
She usually wakes up early in the morning.她通常很早就醒了。
wake 作及物动词,表示“喊醒、叫醒”,常同 up 连用。例如:
The teacher woke up all the students for class.老师把所有的学生叫醒上课。
注意:wake up 后接名词时,名词可放在wake 和up 中间,也可放于wake up 之后;而后接代词时只能放在wake 和up 中间。例如:
Let’s wake up Sandy.= Let’s wake Sandy up.让我们把桑迪叫醒。
Don’t wake me up.不要把我叫醒。
(2)into prep.“到……里面;进入到……之内”
into 是表示动作方向的动态介词,常与表示动作的动词连用,反义out of。例如:
Please come into the classroom.请到教室里来。
in 是表示物体位置的静态介词,反义out。例如:
They are sitting in the study.他们坐在书房里。