平颏海蛇Lapemis hardwickii
曾用名：棘海蛇
形态特征：头较大，体较粗短。吻突出于下颌，鼻孔朝上，左右鼻鳞相切。体全长692～915mm。头背黄橄榄色至深橄榄色，体黄橄榄色。具（29～46）+（3～6）个深橄榄色宽横斑，横斑相距1～2鳞宽，在体侧侧下方尖出呈三角形，有的渐细并向腹部延伸，成完整的环纹。腹部淡土黄色。上唇鳞7枚，呈2-2-3式，最后2～3枚小，颈较粗，直径为体最粗部分的1/2。体鳞颈部23～41行，体最粗部27～43行，体鳞六角形或方形，镶嵌排列，具一短棱，两侧最下面的4行较大，棱亦强，成年雌性呈强棘状。腹鳞除最前部外均较相邻体邻鳞小，或退化、消失，不连续地嵌于背鳞之间。
生活习性：生活于海洋之中，捕食鱼类。卵胎生，每次产下3～4条较大的仔蛇。
地理分布：国内分布于自胶东湾以南的东部沿海地区及附近海域；国外分布于马来半岛至日本南部及澳大利亚北部沿海。
环渤海地区分布：山东沿海。
生存现状：无危（LC）。
Squamata Elapidae Lapemis
67.Lapemis hardwickii
Description Adults up to 692-915mm TOL, head is relatively big; body is stubbed; snout is wider than the mandible; nostrils are upward; tangent scales are on the nostrils; color of the head dorsum is changing from yellowish olive to dark olive; body is yellowish olive; 29-46+3-6 dark olive wide transverse spots in the shape of triangle under the body sides, with 1-2 scales of distance; some scales become thinner and extend to the ventral, forming the whole bands; light khaki ventral; 7 supralabials are arranged in 2-2-3 rows and the last 2-3 scales are smaller; neck is thick, thicker than one second of the body; the scales on the neck are arranged in 23-41 rows; the scales on the thickest part of the body are arranged in 27-43 rows; the scales on the body are hexagon or square and inlaid; one short tubercle;4 rows scales under the body side are the biggest, with obvious tubercles; adult female's scales are in spine shape; ventral scales are smaller than the adjacent scales, apart from the scales near the head; the scales may be degenerated or disappeared on the dorsum scales discontinuously.
Behaviour Lapemis hardwickii live in the sea and feed on fish.This species is ovoviviparous.They produce 3-4 eggs at a time and the size of the newborn is relatively big.
Distribution Known in the sea of the south of Jiaodong Bay in east of China.They are found in the sea from Malay Peninsular to the south of Japan and the north of Australia at abroad.Distribution around Bohai Sea: in the coasts of Shandong Province.
Conservation Least concern (LC).
青环海蛇
淡灰海蛇
青灰海蛇
青灰海蛇
半环扁尾海蛇
长吻海蛇
蝰海蛇
平颏海蛇
平颏海蛇
平颏海蛇