某医院2013—2020年住院死亡患者的疾病构成及死亡原因分析
练成宇1，黄洁1，陈婉君2，张晨诺3
1.东莞东华医院，广东 东莞 523110；
2.深圳市罗湖区中医院，广东 深圳 518000；
3.东莞市黄江医院，广东 东莞 523750
第一作者：练成宇（1979— ），男，本科，主管技师，主要研究方向为男性不育。联系电话：13798833316，E-mail：1732280330@qq.com
通讯作者：黄洁（1991— ），女，本科，中级统计师，主要研究方向为流行病与卫生统计。联系电话：13450047526，E-mail：2679782031@qq.com
摘要：目的 分析2013—2020年某院住院患者死亡的疾病构成及变化趋势特征，以找到影响主要死亡病种的死亡因素及预防死亡的控制措施和方法。方法 采用回顾性分析方法选取2013年1月1日至2020年12月31日某院2788例住院死亡的患者为研究对象，分析8年间住院死亡患者的病种构成及分布情况，探讨其变化趋势及特征，以找到解决措施和方法。结果 1.这8年住院死亡患者疾病排在前五名的病种依次是：恶性肿瘤占17.7%、脑损伤占9.0%、脑出血占6.6%、急性心肌梗死占4.0%、脑梗死占3.3%，这五大病种的合计病死率高达64.8%。2.恶性肿瘤、脑损伤、脑出血、急性心肌梗死、脑梗死这五大病种均排在2013—2020年疾病死亡顺位的前十位。3.住院患者死亡排名在前五的病种住院率逐年上升，到2020年已经达到19.6%。4.诊断类型、职业、婚姻状况、是否手术、病人来源、血型、病例分型、入院途径、住院次数、抢救次数、医院感染次数、住院天数、总费用是影响五大病种死亡的危险因素。结论 恶性肿瘤和损伤仍然是威胁人类健康和造成人类死亡的主要原因。给大众宣传健康的生活方式，预防慢性病的急性发作；给予脑出血、急性心肌梗死、脑梗死患者就医的绿色通道；教授患者和家属疾病急性发作时的判断和自救方法；规范企业对员工进行岗前培训和完善交通管制以预防职业损伤和车祸伤的发生。(https://www.daowen.com)
关键词：住院死亡患者；疾病构成；多因素分析；回归分析
Analysis of disease composition and causes of death among hospitalized patients in a certain hospital from 2013 to 2020
Lian Chengyu1, Huang Jie1, Chen Wanjun2, Zhang Chennuo3
Dongguan Donghua Hospital, Dongguan 523110, China
Abstract:Objective To analyze the disease composition and trend characteristics of inpatient deaths in acertain hospital from 2013 to 2020, so as to find the death factors affecting the main death diseases and the control measures and methods to prevent death.Methods A retrospective analysis method was used to select the 2788 inpatients who died in the hospital from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2020 as the research object.The research analyzed the disease composition and distribution of inpatients who died in the past 8 years, and explored their changing trends and characteristics, so as to find solutions and methods.Results 1.The top five diseases of hospitalized dead patients in 8 years were malignant tumor (17.7%), brain injury (9.0%), intracerebral hemorrhage (6.6%), acute myocardial infarction (4.0%) and cerebral infarction (3.3%).The total mortality of these five diseases was as high as 64.8%.2.Cancer, brain injury, intracerebral hemorrhage, acute myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction ranked among the top ten disease deaths in 2013-2020.3.The hospitalization rate of the top five diseases with inpatient deaths has increased year by year, reaching 19.6% by 2020.4.Diagnosis type, occupation, marital status, operation or not, patient source, blood type, case classification, admission route, hospitalization times, rescue times, hospital infection times, hospitalization days and total cost are the risk factors affecting the death of the five diseases.Conclusion Malignant tumor and injury are still the main causes threatening human health and causing human death.Publicize a healthy lifestyle to the public and prevent the acute attack of chronic diseases;Give patients with cerebral hemorrhage, acute myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction a green channel for medical treatment;Teach patients and their families judge and self-help methods in case of acute attack of the disease;Standardize enterprises to carry out pre job training for employees and improve traffic control to prevent occupational injury and car accident injury.
Keywords:Hospitalized Dead Patients;Disease Compositio;Multivariate Analysis;Regression Analysis