Ⅰ. Readings
Reading 1 Famous TCM Doctor —Deng Tietao
Directions： There is one passage in this reading followed by some questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.
Deng Tietao was a Chinese physician, a professor and doctoral advisor at Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. He was named a “Master of National Medicine” of China in 2009.
Dr. Deng Tietao was a great friend and supporter of the Irish College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ICTCM). He died, earlier this month, at the age of 104, although as explained in his Wikipedia entry, this would be calculated a little differently in China. In the West, he would have been said to be nearly 103 at the time of his death.
We first met him in 2000 when he was already 85 years old. He came to teach us during one of the specialist Medical Qigong1 Courses that was being run exclusively for staff and graduates of the ICTCM.
Professor Deng was a kind, refined and enlightened man, who understood the importance of being healthy on all levels—body, mind and spirit. He was a much-published author of books on many aspects of TCM and his seminal book on Chinese medical diagnostics has been published in English. When only in his 50s, his students published a book (in Chinese) as a sign of respect for his excellence as a medical practitioner and teacher, which outlined his regimen for a healthy life and longevity. This included his daily practice of one of the most famous traditional qigong forms, called Baduanjin2.
During the subsequent years we met him a number of times when he gave guest lectures to groups from our college and met the Director of the College Tom Shanahan to discuss the most important attributes of a TCM practitioner.
The last time we met was in 2011 after he had been awarded the very highest award by the Chinese Government in 2009. He was named a “Master of National Medicine” of China, received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the China Society for Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology, and won the Guangdong Science and Technology Award (First Class). In September 2019, he was posthumously conferred the National Outstanding Contribution in Chinese Medicine Award.
During our last meeting in 2011 he brushed a unique calligraphy for the ICTCM showing that he gave his great support to our efforts to spread high-quality, authentic acupuncture and TCM across Europe and the world.
News of his death was announced by Guangzhou Daily on 10th January 2019. Their article gives an interesting extract from an interview with Dr. Deng, who will be much missed by his friends, family and students.
Exercise
1. Which one of the following is in accordance with the passage?
A） Dr. Deng died at the age of 104 according to the Western calendar.
B） Dr. Deng once gave guest lectures to groups from the Irish College of TCM.
C） China attaches great importance to the spread of TCM to other countries.
D） The ICTCM emphasizes the importance of being spiritually healthy.
2. What did Dr. Deng do when he was 85 years old?
A） He worked on his doctor degree in the ICTCM.
B） He became a graduate in the ICTCM.
C） He came to the ICTCM to teach Medical Qigong Courses.
D） He learned Medical Qigong Courses in the ICTCM.
3. What was Dr. Deng’s contribution to TCM?
A） He published a book in Chinese， which is considered as a sign of his excellence.
B） He published many books on TCM in English.
C） His book on Chinese medical diagnostics was published in English.
D） His students created one of the most famous traditional qigong forms， Baduanjin.
4. Which one of the following is NOT the title he was awarded?
A） Master of National Medicine.
B） Lifetime Achievement Award.
C） Guangdong Science and Technology Award.
D） National Science and Technology Award.
5. What’s the meaning of the underlined word in Para. 6?
A） Before death. B） After death.
C） At the same instant. D） Without advance preparation.
Glossary
1. calligraphy: /kəˈlɪgrəfi/ n. the art of producing beautiful writing using special pens or brushes, or the writing produced this way 书法
2. confer: /kənˈfɜːr/ v. to give sb. an award, a university degree or a particular honour or right 授予（奖项、学位、荣誉或权力）
3. diagnostics: /ˌdaɪəgˈnɒstɪkz/ n. the practice or methods of diagnosis 诊断学
4. pharmacology: /ˌfɑːməˈkɒlədʒi/ n. the scientific study of drugs and their use in medicine 药理学；药物学
5. regimen: /ˈredʒɪmən/ n. (medical) a set of rules about food and exercise or medical treatment that you follow in order to stay healthy or to improve your health 生活规则；养生之道；养生法
Culture Notes
1. qigong 气功
Qigong is an internal Chinese meditative practice that often uses slow, graceful movements and controlled breathing techniques to promote the circulation of qi within the human body and enhance a practitioner’s overall health.
2. Baduanjin 八段锦
The Baduanjin qigong is one of the most common forms of Chinese qigong used as exercise. Variously translated as Eight Pieces of Brocade, Eight-Section Brocade, Eight Silken Movements or Eight Silk Weaving, the name of the form generally refers to how the eight individual movements of the form characterize and impart a silken quality (like that of a piece of brocade) to the body and its energy. The Baduanjin is primarily designated as a form of medical qigong, meant to improve body health.
Reading 2 A Whole Healthcare Industry Chain 
Directions： In this reading, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
On November 7, the Healthcare Industry Alliance of Nanhai1 was officially established in Foshan with six collaborations announced, marking that a health industry chain with Nanhai characteristics was constituted (1) . Biomedical and health sectors are (2) sectors in Foshan’s emerging industries. In 2022, Foshan Government actively (3) high-quality development of biomedicine and health industry, promoting Nanhai unleashing measures in the delivery of healthcare.
The first members of the Healthcare Industry Alliance of Nanhai will (4) of more than 50 companies in Nanhai. For the next step, the Alliance plans to build a tutorial base, a public welfare platform, a health industry publicity platform, etc. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation Center Project in Nanhai is (5) to be officially operational after January 2023. The institute can help companies play a role in TCM technology innovation and product development.
The person in charge of Nanhai Endoscopy Equipment and Technology Research Cooperation Project2 said that the project will enhance the (6) of endoscopy technology and improve the level and quality of (7) invasive surgery in Nanhai. After years of development, Foshan has built a complete medical technology industry. In 2021, Foshan’s biomedical and health industry output value (8) 40 billion yuan with a total of 132 high-tech enterprises.
As the pioneer of the health industry in Foshan, Nanhai has already formed a competitive and (9) biomedical industry, which can achieve a new city mode as “policy + service + industry”. The pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in Nanhai has achieved an output value of 23 billion yuan this year, and the total (10) of biomedical and medical device industry will be more than 50 billion yuan.
Glossary
1. biomedical: /ˌbaɪəʊˈmedɪkəl/ adj. relating to, or involving biological, medical, and physical science 生物医学的
2. endoscopy: /enˈdɒskəpi/ n. a medical operation in which an endoscope is put into a person’s body so that the parts inside can be seen 内窥镜检查
Culture Notes
1. Healthcare Industry Alliance of Nanhai 南海区健康产业服务联盟
The Alliance includes Nanhai Health Data Authorized Operation Project, Nanhai Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation Center Project, Nanhai Internet + Medical Care Service Project, Nanhai Medical Examination Consortium Strategic Cooperation Project, Nanhai Endoscopy Equipment and Technology Research Cooperation Project, and Nanhai Ophthalmology Medical and Industrial Integration Cooperation Project.(https://www.daowen.com)
The establishment of the medical alliance is an effective means to promote the optimal allocation of medical and health resources, which is of great significance to the improvement of the overall efficiency of medical service organizations, and the enhancement of basic medical service capabilities and collaborative service functions.
2. Nanhai Endoscopy Equipment and Technology Research Cooperation Project 南海区内镜装备与技术科研合作项目
This cooperation project will optimize existing technology and encourage the sharing of knowledge and know-how between partners.
Reading 3 Chinese Herbal Tea—Leung Cha 
Directions： In this reading, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.
A） In China， Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） is viewed as a way to treat minor ailments like headaches， joint pains， allergies， and more. Unlike Western concepts of medicine， which focus on treating the symptoms of illnesses when they appear， TCM practices focus on keeping the overall body in good balance and preventing future illnesses by ensuring good health today. The practice also incorporates the idea of energy （qi） flowing through the body. All parts are connected and should be in proper harmony with each other.
B） Tea， in particular， is believed by TCM practitioners to help “prevent illnesses by minimizing the body’s excessive heat and dampness”. Known as herbal tea， leung cha is translated literally as “cooling tea”. An infusion of herbs originating from China’s Guangdong Province， it is believed to contain medicinal properties. In fact， the drink rarely contains any elements of the tea plant and is more like a medicinal soup. While many traditional Chinese medicinal herbs are known for being bitter and dreadful， leung cha is lightly sweetened with a smooth， refreshing taste.
C） Chinese herbal tea has been around since the early 1800s during the Qing Dynasty. The invention of this drink has been credited to Wang Zebang—Wong Chat Bong in Cantonese. He was a doctor from Guangdong Province on the southern coast of China and it’s believed that he established the first tea shop in 1828.
D） Chinese herbal tea was consumed as a cure-all for body aches and pains. While all walks of life consumed it， it was particularly popular amongst unskilled laborers as an alternative to seeking expensive medical care. Doctors’ services in the late 19th century in China were prohibitively expensive for most， so people often turned to herbal tea if they started to feel unwell. When unskilled laborers began to set sail in search of work overseas， especially in the United States， they often took supplies of herbal tea with them. In 1869， the colonial Hong Kong authorities banned herbal tea ingredients from being unloaded when the laborers docked at their destinations.
E） By the mid-1900s， Chinese herbal tea was more than just a drink to be consumed when feeling unwell. The tea shops themselves became important community centers—places for families and friends to gather， drink tea， socialize and even watch television while enjoying the air conditioning， similar to the role of coffee shops in our communities nowadays. However， in the late 1900s， the popularity of these tea shops declined as family households could afford their own televisions and air conditioning. Nowadays， Chinese herbal tea is seeing a rise in popularity again as younger generations seek to reclaim their heritage while embracing healthy lifestyle choices. The shops have modernized and are increasingly frequented by new generations. Through the early 2000s， there were more tea shops in Hong Kong than coffee shops.
F） With many years of practice， different herbal teas have evolved to relieve different symptoms. In addition， with its smooth and refreshing taste， leung cha has already become a really popular beverage today. Here are four health benefits associated with Chinese herbal tea： leung cha can “cool” the body of its excessive “heat”， reduce inflammation， detoxify the body， and improve gut health and boost the immune system.
G） As its name implies， leung cha is believed to “cool” the body of its excessive “heat”. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the body possesses inner harmony and that there is a balance between “cooling” and “heaty”—like your body’s yin and yang. When you’ve consumed too much “heaty” food—anything deep-fried， spicy or salty—you can have excessive heat in your body. This can manifest itself in the form of acne， sore throat， nose bleeds， ulcers， inflammation and even fevers. Consuming leung cha can help cleanse the body of this excessive heat and restore your body’s natural harmony.
H） One of the key ingredients in leung cha is a medicinal herb called prunella vulgaris. It’s a member of the mint family that can be found throughout North America， Europe， and Asia. It has been used for centuries to treat illnesses such as inflammatory bowel diseases， stomach pains， and ulcers. Because of its wide range of medical uses， it’s also known as self-heal， all-heal， heal-all， woundwort， or xia ku cao. Prunella vulgaris contains tannins， flavonoids， and other acids， which are believed to be antioxidants and have anti-inflammatory properties. It’s believed to dilate the blood vessels， which lowers blood pressure and reduces the body’s excessive heat.
I） Another key ingredient in leung cha is a medicinal herb called potentilla discolor. It can be found primarily in temperate and alpine zones and originates from Eastern Asia. Also known as silverweed， or wild agrimony， potentilla discolor is the dried root of a flowering plant from the family Rosaceae. It’s been known since ancient times for its curative properties. According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia， it can clear excessive heat from the body and detoxify. It’s also believed to relieve dysentery—an intestinal inflammation， primarily of the colon—and reduce skin inflammation.
J） Leung cha possesses a variety of flora that can promote gut health—also known as your gut microbiota， which contains about 100 trillion bacteria. Boosting the healthy bacteria living in your digestive tract has been linked to improved digestion and metabolism. Recent research even suggests a link to brain function and behavior. Leung cha also contains an antioxidant called glutamine， which can improve the immune system. Glutamine is a critical fuel source for immune cells， such as white blood cells and intestinal cells. Nowadays， you can even buy glutamine tablets as a supplement.
K） Generally， herbal tea should be drunk before it gets cold. Since most herbs are cold in drug properties， drinking too much will harm the spleen and stomach， especially for people who lack vital energy and are easy to feel cold. Therefore， it is not suitable for women in their menstrual period， children and old people to drink herbal teas. If you have no idea about your physical condition， it is better to see a TCM doctor to choose the right herbal tea for you.
L） Nowadays， herbal teas packed in fashionable cans and bottles have become popular in both the domestic and international markets. With an annual output of 2 million tons， herbal teas are exported to about twenty countries， including the USA， Canada， Australia， Japan and France. Because of its increasing popularity in southern China， herbal tea also began to acquire national fame in recent years. On May 27， 18 brands and 54 secret recipes of 21 herbal tea manufacturing enterprises from Guangdong Province， Hong Kong and Macao were listed by the Chinese State Council as intangible cultural heritages1. Chinese herbal tea is more than just a beverage. It has played a long-standing role in Chinese history for hundreds of years. It’s valued for its health benefits and represents a long-standing cultural heritage.
M） Drinking herbal tea is a long-cherished tradition in Lingnan， which covers Guangdong， Guangxi， Fujian and Taiwan provinces， with Guangdong as its core area. Herbal tea， together with Guangdong opera， Guangdong cuisine and Guangdong dialect， is the representative of Lingnan culture2. When people who are from other provinces come to Guangzhou， the first thing they learn may not be speaking Cantonese but drinking herbal tea. When you are gradually accustomed to living in a Cantonese way， you will find that drinking herbal tea has become part of your daily life just like the Lingnan culture influences you unconsciously. Even many people who leave Guangdong for a long time still cherish the memory of different herbal teas.
Exercise
1. Herbal tea is not suitable for everyone, so people with weak stomachs, women during their period and senior people should avoid drinking it.
2. Different symptoms can be relieved with different herbal teas after years of practice.
3. Western medicine mainly concentrates on eliminating the symptoms of illness when they show up.
4. Drinking herbal tea is an age-old custom in Lingnan culture, and herbal tea has been an indispensable part of life for Lingnan people.
5. According to the recent research, drinking Leung cha could help enhance brain function and behavior.
6. Drinking leung cha can help reduce the excessive heat and maintain the inner harmony in your body.
7. People take a keener interest in leading healthy lifestyles, so herbal tea has become popular again nowadays.
8. Chinese herbal tea has become popular with beautifully-designed packages at home and abroad.
9. People believe that one of the essential ingredients in leung cha can make the blood vessels wider, which can reduce blood pressure.
10. Due to the expensive medical services in the 19th century, herbal tea was especially preferred by less-skilled workers.
Glossary
1. acne: /ˈækni/ n. a skin condition, common among young people, that produces many pimples, especially on the face and neck 痤疮；粉刺
2. agrimony: /ˈægrɪmənɪ/ n. any of a genus of herbs of the rose family having compound leaves, slender spikes of small yellow flowers, and fruits like burs 仙鹤草
3. ailment: /ˈeɪlmənt/ n. an illness that is not very serious 轻病；小恙
4. alpine: /ˈælpaɪn/ adj. existing in or connected with high mountains, especially the Alps in Central Europe 高山的（尤指中欧的阿尔卑斯山）
5. antioxidant: /ˌæntiˈɒksɪdənt/ n. a substance such as vitamin C or E that removes dangerous molecules, etc., such as free radicals from the body 抗氧化物质
6. colon: /ˈkəʊlɒn/ n. the main part of the large intestine 结肠
7. detoxify: /diːˈtɒksɪfaɪ/ v. to remove harmful substances or poisons from sth. 解毒，除去……的毒素
8. dysentery: /ˈdɪsəntəri/ n. an infection of the bowels that causes severe diarrhoea with loss of blood 痢疾
9. flavonoid: /ˈfleɪvənɔɪd/ n. phytochemical compounds present in many plants, fruits, vegetables, and leaves, with potential applications in medicinal chemistry 类黄酮
10. glutamine: /ˈgluːtəmiːn/ n. an active amino acid found in the body, involved in lots of metabolic processes 谷氨酰胺
11. inflammation: /ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃən/ n. a condition in which a part of the body becomes red, sore and swollen because of infection or injury 发炎；炎症
12. infusion: /ɪnˈfjuːʒn/ n. a drink or medicine made by leaving herbs, etc. in hot water 沏成的饮料；炮制的草药
13. menstrual: /ˈmenstrʊəl/ adj. connected with the time when a woman menstruates each month 月经的
14. metabolism: /məˈtæbəlɪzəm/ n. the chemical processes in living things that change food into energy and materials for growth 新陈代谢
15. microbiota: /maɪkrəʊbaɪˈɒtə/ n. the range of microorganisms that stimulate the immune system, break down potentially toxic food compounds, and synthesize certain vitamins and amino acids 微生物群；菌群
16. pharmacopoeia: /ˌfɑːməkəˈpiːə/ n. an official book containing a list of medicines and drugs and instructions for their use 药典
17. potentilla discolor: /pəʊtənˈtɪlə dɪsˈkʌlə/ n. a traditional Chinese medicine which has been widely used for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases 翻白草
18. prunella vulgaris: /pruːˈnelə ˈvʌlgərɪs/ n. a perennial herb used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat dizziness, red eyes, dry cough, and dermatitis and boils 夏枯草
19. rosaceae: /roʊˈzeɪsiˌiː/ n. the rose family of flowering plants 蔷薇科
20. silverweed: /ˈsɪlvəˌwiːd/ n. a low-growing herbaceous plant 蕨麻
21. spleen: /spliːn/ n. a small organ near the stomach that controls the quality of the blood cells 脾
22. temperate: /ˈtempərət/ adj. (of climate or climatic regions) having a mild temperature without extremes of heat or cold （指气候或有某种气候的地区）温和的
Culture Notes
1. intangible cultural heritage 非物质文化遗产
An intangible cultural heritage (ICH) is a practice, representation, expression, knowledge, or skill considered by UNESCO to be part of a place’s cultural heritage. Buildings, historic places, monuments, and artifacts are cultural property. Intangible heritage consists of nonphysical intellectual wealth, such as folklore, customs, beliefs, traditions, knowledge, and language.
2. Lingnan culture 岭南文化
Lingnan culture, or Cantonese culture, refers to the regional Chinese culture of the region of Lingnan: twin provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi, the names of which mean “eastern expanse” and “western expanse” respectively. Strictly speaking, the term “Lingnan culture” has two definitions:
(1) In a purely geographical sense, the term includes not only Cantonese culture but also the cultures of the Hakkas, Teochews, Taishanese, Hainanese, and non-Han groups such as the Zhuangs, Tanka, or She within the Lingnan region.
(2) More typically, it is only used in referring to Cantonese culture, the historically dominant cultural linguistic force in Guangdong and Guangxi.