五、治疗

五、治疗

(一)一般治疗

全身治疗的首要原则是对因治疗,即积极治疗原发肿瘤或控制内分泌疾患,对于肥胖者积极控制体重,同时停用可疑药物。对良性者其色素沉着或皮赘可酌情电烧灼治疗或外科手术切除。幼儿假性黑棘皮病需要积极控制并纠正肥胖,随着体重的逐渐下降,黑棘皮病即可不治而愈。

(二)口腔颌面部异常相关的治疗建议

针对黑棘皮病的皮肤和黏膜病损可以进行对症治疗,例如局部外用维生素AD滴剂、维甲酸、维生素E等制剂,若出现继发真菌或细菌感染者可以对症治疗。

黑棘皮病的分类不同,预后也各不相同。良性黑棘皮病临床症状轻微,青春期后病情平稳,甚至趋于消退;假性黑棘皮病临床症状可随体重的下降而逐渐消退;恶性黑棘皮病的临床特征显著,在原发肿瘤完全去除之前,黑棘皮病的症状可持续进展。

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(林琳 段宁)