小肠减压管Chapter 9 Small intestinal decompression ...
第九章 小肠减压管Chapter 9 Small intestinal decompression tube
学习目标
1.了解小肠减压管的结构及作用
2.掌握腹痛、腹胀症状的原因
3.熟悉小肠减压管的留置时间
4.掌握以下词汇
stomach pylorus 胃幽门
alleviate 减轻
bowel sounds 肠鸣音
paraffin oil 石蜡油
Li Ming is a patient with small intestinal obstruction and has undergone intestinal decompression tube replacement.Xiao Ran is his primary nurse.The 3—meter long small intestinal decompression tube consists of two sacs and three cavities with a 3.5 m guide wire.The front end is a bead shaped guide with a stainless-steel ball, which can pass through the stomach pylorus and move under the force of intestinal peristalsis.The nasal-small intestine decompression tube will enter the small intestine through the pylorus.The drainage of intestinal content can decrease the pressure in the gastrointestinal cavity, improve the local blood circulation, and alleviate the symptoms ofintestinal obstruction.
Xiao Ran: Hi, Li Ming.The imaging shows that the small intestinal decompression tube has reached the obstruction position,and has been secured.
Li Ming: Thank you, Xiao Ran.My abdomen is still bloated and distended.I am wondering when the symptoms will be relieved.
Xiao Ran: It may take 48 to 72 hours.
Li Ming: Oh, I see.And when will the tube be pulled out?
Xiao Ran: It depends on how well you recover.The signs of recovery include alleviated abdominal bloating and pain, voluntary defecation and exhaust, normalized bowel sounds, disappearance of gas-liquid level under X-ray observation.You need to drink 100 to 150 mL of paraffin oil 1 to 2 hours before extubating.We will extract distilled water from the anterior balloon and apply intermittent extubation to avoid possible discomfort.
Li Ming: Ok, I hope this moment will come soon.
Xiao Ran: Yes, we are all looking forward to it.
Li Ming: Thank you.
译文
李明是一位小肠梗阻患者，小肠减压管术后，小冉是他的责任护士。全长3 cm的小肠减压管包含两囊三腔，配有长度为3.5 m的导丝，前端为念珠状前导子，含不锈钢球，可通过胃部幽门并在肠蠕动的推动力下运动，引流管处接胃肠减压器。鼻小肠减压管经幽门进入小肠。肠道内容物引流可降低胃肠腔内压力，改善局部血液循环，解除肠梗阻症状。
小冉：李明，影像片提示小肠减压管已到梗阻位置，管道也固定得很好。
李明：谢谢小冉。我现在腹部还是很胀，我想知道这种症状何时缓解？
小冉：可能需要48～72小时。
李明：哦，我知道了，这个管子什么时候能拔掉？
小冉：根据你恢复的情况来定。比如说腹部胀痛症状缓解、自主排便排气、肠鸣音正常、X线提示气液平面消失。拔管前1～2小时内需要口服石蜡油100～150 mL。我们会抽出前球囊内的蒸馏水，采用间歇性拔管方式，避免出现不适症状。
李明：好的，我希望这个时刻早点到来。
小冉：是的，我们都很期待。
李明：谢谢。