2012年医学考博录音原文
Part ⅠListening Comprehension（30%）
Section A
Directions：In this section you will hear ffteen short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation，you will hear a question about what is said.The question will be read only once.After you hear the question，read the four possible answers marked A，B，C and D.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
1.M：Well，just keep your arm straight there.Fine，there will be a little prick like a mosquito bite.OK？There we go.OK，I will send that sample off and we’ll check it.If the sample is OK，we won’t need to go on seeing you any more.
W：So you think I’m getting better？
M：Absolutely.
Q：What can be inferred from the conversation？
2.W：It’s Mr.Cong，isn’t it？
M：That’s right.I saw you six months ago with a broken fnger.
W：Yes，of course.And is that all healing well？
M：It’s fne.
W：What can we do for you today？
M：Well，I’ve been having these headaches in the front，about my eyes.It started two months ago. They seem to come on quite suddenly，and I get dizzy spell as well.
Q：What is the trouble in the man now？
3.M：When you need a health checkup，just call me.It’s totally free.
W：It’s great having a doctor around.
Q：What does the woman mean？
4.W：We need antioxidants to prevent ourselves from developing cancer，but I don’t like taking pills to get it.
M：But you need to eat a mountain of food every day to get all of the antioxidants you need.
W：I drink a lot of green tea；I eat onion，garlic and citrous food.I also get nine different colors of vegetables every day.
M：All those do have antioxidants，but I want to be on the safe side.
Q：What does the man mean？
5.W：The blouse cost me like 8，000 yuan.
M：That’s such a ripoff.
W：I really like it，the color，the design…
M：Fashion really kills women.
Q：What does the man mean？
6.W：I’m fnding it diffcult to get the train to get home for the Spring Festival.Last year，I stood for 24 hours from Beijing to Chengdu.So，I need a seat this year.Any ideas？
M：You can try going online.I know there are a few sites that offer tickets.
W：That’s worth the try.Thanks.
Q：What is the woman going to do next？
7.M：This money from the Gates Foundation will help us with our plans.
W：How could it not？
Q：What does the woman mean？
8.W：How long does the pain last？
M：Just a short while.
W：A minute，5 minutes，half an hour？
M：Oh，not half an hour.
W：How long does it last？
M：About a quarter of an hour.
Q：How long does the man say the pain last？
9.M：Don’t eat ice cream so fast？
W：Too late.I’ve already had a brain freeze.
Q：What does the woman mean？
10.M：Honey，I’m leaving tonight and get to the United States at 7 o’clock tomorrow morning.
W：Woo，woo，I can’t wait to see you？
Q：What does the woman mean？
11.W：Have you got a cold？
M：Nope，I’m hoarse because I haven’t got enough sleep lately and have been singing a lot KTV.
Q：What is the man’s problem？
12.M：Men are from Mars，and women are from Venus.It’s really hard for me to understand Emily.
W：Susan is the best friend of Emily.Why don’t you pick her brain？
Q：What does the woman advise the man to do？
13.W：Dad，I’ve decided to sign up for American Idol in order to be a famous singer.
M：Oh，honey，don’t you know that it’s really hard to stand out from the crowd.(https://www.daowen.com)
W：But where there is a road there is a way.
Q：What is true about the woman？
14.W：Here is my X-rays.
M：I’ll just have a look.Everything is OK except what you can see here.There is a hemi-fracture. It’s not very serious，but you should take a month off work and rest in bed as much as possible.I’ll give some herbal medicine to help you heal quickly.
W：Do I need to be put in plaster？
M：No，it isn’t necessary.
Q：Which of the following is not among the doctor’s suggestion？
15.W：My skin has suddenly gone rough and red，and spots keep breaking out.Is there anything I can do？
M：Have you used anything different on your face，or have you been on any medication？
W：I usually use Chinese face cream，but on my birthday I’ve got some very expensive American face cream.It smells very nice.I wonder if that could be the problem.
M：Do you have the face cream with you？
W：Yes，here it is.
M：It smells very strong.Maybe you are allergic to the perfume in it.I suggest you stop using it immediately.
Q：What might be the cause for the woman’s skin problem？
Section B
Directions：In this section you will hear one dialogue and two passages.After each one，you will hear fve questions.After each question，read the four choices marked A，B，C and D.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
Dialogue
Questions 16-20 are based on the following dialogue：
P：Here is my result，doctor.
D：Have a seat，and let’s have a look.Well，your ECG is perfectly normal，and there is no problem with your X-ray，either.But your white blood cell count is rather high，which is what I expected，and it shows your body is fghting the virus.
P：Is there anything here I can do so that I can feel better，doctor？I am really busy at work this week.And I have a lot of stuff to do，but I don’t feel up to it.Also my daughter is suddenly bad.
D：Don’t worry.It’s just against the feel.But I will give you some medicine for it to make you feel better.Three times a day take the white tablets as directed on the label after meals.And for the（...）tablets，take one or two depending on how suitable your bowels are.
P：Is there anything else I can do，Doctor Hunt？
D：I know you are busy，but you really shouldn’t go to work.However，that’s up to you.Rest as much as possible，drink plenty of liquid，and eat plenty of vegetables and fruits.Remember，an apple a day keeps the doctor away.If there is no improvement after three days，come back and see me again.
P：Thank you，doctor.
16.According to the women’s test results，which of the following item is abnormal？
17.Which of the following is not the reason for the woman’s anxiety？
18.What is the doctor’s diagnosis of the woman？
19.How does the doctor say the medications are administered for the woman？
20.Which of the following is not one of the suggestions by the doctor？
Passage One
Questions 21-25 are based on the following passage：
Our culture is obsessed with sleep，and the lack of it，yet many of us don’t know some basic facts.As many as 35 million Americans experience chronic insomnia，and yet in 2006 only$20 million was spent on research.In the six years that author，professor and lifelong insomniac Gayle Green spent researching and writing her book“Insomniac”.She learned almost all there is to know about sleep and the lack thereof.Here are fve common myths about how we get our shut-eye and why：
1.Humans Need Eight Hours Sleep a Night
There are many ways of sleeping and few cultures sleep in eight-hour consolidated blocks like we do.Until the industrial era，many Western Europeans divided the night into“the first sleep”and the “second sleep”.They’d go to bed soon after dark，sleep for four hours then wake for an hour or two during which they’d write，pray，smoke，have sex or even visit neighbors.In fact，there’s some evidence to suggest that this sleep pattern may be the one most in tune with our inherent circadian rhythms.
2.Sleep Isn’t Just a Bodily Function
Sleep is a biological，physiological system，akin to the cardiovascular system，the nervous system and so on.Like any other system，it is highly variable，and it wears out and gets more fragile with age.
3.Animals Don’t Have Sleep Problems
Insomnia occurs in animals and insects，too，sort of.Technically，insomnia is defined as a “complaint”，and since animals can’t complain，it’s diffcult to measure in them.
4.Falling Asleep Is a Gradual Process Nope
Instead，for most people，it switches on and off like a light switch.But for insomniacs and narcoleptics，the switch doesn’t work quite well.Instead they inhabit the space in between—never entirely awake，nor entirely asleep.
5.Sleeping Less Burns More Calories
In the short term，yes，but sleeping less probably won’t help you lose weight.Lack of sleep suppresses our natural appetite-depressants，while fueling appetite-increasers，often leading to weight gain.
21.According to the talk，approximately how many Americans suffer chronic insomnia？
22.Which of the following can best describe Gayle Green？
23.Which of the following sleeping patterns might be the most in tune with our inherent biological system？
24.According to the talk，why is it diffcult to measure insomnia in animals？
25.According to the talk，which of the following is true？
Passage Two
Questions 26-30 are based on the following passage：
Eight-year-old children have a radically different learning strategy from twelve-year-olds and adults.Eight-year-olds learn primarily from positive feedback，whereas negative feedback scarcely causes any alarm bells to ring.Twelve-year-olds are better able to process negative feedback，and use it to learn from their mistakes.Adults do the same，but more efficiently.Dr.Eveline Crone and her colleagues from the Leiden Brain and Cognition Lab used fMRI research to compare the brains of three different age groups：children of eight to nine years，children of eleven to twelve years，and adults aged between 18 and 25 years.This three-way division had never been made before；the comparison is generally made between children and adults.Crone herself was surprised at the outcome：“We had expected that the brains of eight-year-olds would function in exactly the same way as the brains of twelve-year-olds，but maybe not quite so well.Children learn the whole time，so this new knowledge can have major consequences for people wanting to teach children：how can you best relay instructions to eight-and twelve-year-olds？”The researchers gave children of both age groups and adults aged 18 to 25 a computer task while they lay in the MRI scanner.The task required them to discover rules.If they did this correctly，a tick appeared on the screen，otherwise a cross appeared.MRI scans showed which parts of the brain were activated.These surprising results set Crone thinking.“You start to think less in terms of‘good’and‘not so good’.Children of eight may well be able to learn extremely differently，only they do it in a different way.”
26.According to the talk，which of the following groups can best learn from their mistakes？
27.What is new about Dr.Crone’s research？
28.What had Dr.Crone and her colleagues expected？
29.Which of the following feedback can best stimulate the eight year-olds to learn？
30.According to the talk，which group of people would learn and beneft most？