模拟试题五
Model Test Five
Foreign Language Admission Test for Medical Doctoral Students
试卷一（Paper One）
Part ⅠListening Comprehension（30%）
Section A
Directions：In this section you will hear ffteen short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation，you will hear a question about what is said.The question will be read only once.After you hear the question，read the four possible answers marked A，B，C，and D.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
Listen to the following example：
You will hear：
Woman：I feel faint.
Man：No wonder.You haven’t had a bite all day.
Question：What’s the matter with the woman？
You will read：
A.She is sick.
B.She was bitten by an ant.
C.She is hungry.
D.She spilled her paint.
Here C is the right answer.
Sample Answer
A B●D
Now let’s begin with question number 1.
1.A.He should take one tablet every three hours.
B.Whenever he feels bad，he should take it.
C.He could take one tablet when having a splitting headache.
D.He should take one tablet three times a day.
2.A.To check the laboratory report.B.Having a fever.
C.Abnormal blood pressure.D.To have an X–ray.
3.A.Doctor and patient.B.Patient and nurse.
C.Pharmacist and customer.D.Customer and shop assistant.
4.A.Later today.B.10 am today.
C.Tomorrow afternoon.D.Tomorrow morning.
5.A.3 tablets each time，twice a day.
B.3 teaspoonful each time，3 times a day.
C.2 teaspoonful each time，twice a day.
D.2 tablets each time，3 times a day.
6.A.A shop assistant.B.A physician.
C.A pediatrician.D.An ophthalmologist.
7.A.Join an engineering frm.B.Start her own company.
C.Join the man in medical school.D.Go to business school.
8.A.Breast cancer.B.Lung cancer.
C.Pneumonia.D.Leukemia.
9.A.Visit his uncle’s doctor.B.See a doctor.
C.Ride more carefully.D.Take it easy.
10.A.Six.B.Twenty-four.
C.Twelve.D.Three.
11.A.Mrs.White.B.Mr.White’s father’s family.
C.Mrs.White’s father’s family.D.Mr.White.
12.A.She didn’t like the food the man prepared.
B.She’s not a very good taster.
C.The food doesn’t agree with her.
D.She is always scolding the man’s cook.
13.A.To make a call to the hospital.
B.To go to the man’s house immediately.
C.To expect the doctor’s call.
D.To take a message.
14.A.He doesn’t have to feel the way.
B.He’s got a black eye.
C.His eye doesn’t hurt very much.
D.His eye isn’t healing very quickly.
15.A.There’s only one point he doesn’t understand.
B.He refuses to take any help.
C.These questions won’t be on the exam.
D.He would like some help.
Section B
Directions：In this section you will hear three passages.After each one，you will hear fve questions. After each question，read the four possible answers marked A，B，C and D.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage One
16.A.Two weeks.B.Two days.
C.A few years.D.Several days.
17.A.He did nothing about it.B.He retired from the work.
C.He did some examinations.D.He took some medicine.
18.A.High blood pressure.B.Dehydrated.
C.Much too stressed.D.Smoking heavily.
19.A.Have a good rest.B.Take some medicine.
C.Avoid tension and drinking.D.Do examinations in hospital.
20.A.Continue to work.B.Checkup blood pressure at home.
C.Register in the hospital.D.Stay at home without moving about.
Passage Two
21.A.Late childbearing.
B.Widespread fear and anxiety among themselves.
C.Alcohol drinking.
D.An alarmingly high number of breast cancer cases.
22.A.Women under 24.B.24 to 60 years of age.
C.65 to 74 years of age.D.60 to 80 years of age.
23.A.Women who are young and thin.
B.Women who like drinking.
C.Women who gave birth to child in their forties.
D.Women whose grandmothers have got breast cancer.
24.A.To fnd out why British women suffer from breast cancer.
B.To fnd out how much British women know about breast cancer.
C.To fnd out how many British women suffer from breast cancer.
D.To fnd out what kind of British women suffer from breast cancer.
25.A.977.B.34，500.C.14，000.D.500.
Passage Three
26.A.The shape of the cubes used.
B.The size of the objects shown.
C.The number of times of repeating the process.
D.The weight of the boxes moving across the stage.
27.A.Boys enjoy playing with cubes more than girls.
B.Girls tend to get excited more easily than boys.
C.Girls seem to start reasoning earlier than boys.
D.Boys pay more attention to moving objects than girls.
28.A.It is a breakthrough in the study of the nerve system.
B.It may stimulate scientists to make further studies.
C.Its result helps understand babies’language ability.
D.Its fndings are quite contrary to previous research.
29.A.The two sides of their brain develop simultaneously.
B.They are better able to adapt to the surroundings.
C.Their bones mature earlier.
D.They talk at an earlier age.
30.A.The difference between boys and girls.
B.The language development of different stages.
C.The thinking ability of boys and girls at the same age.
D.The physical development of boys and girls.
Part ⅡVocabulary（10%）
Section A
Directions：In this section all the sentences are incomplete.Four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D，are given beneath each of them.You are to choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Then，mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
31.Skippers must make a report to customs either in person or by telephone if they have any duty-free goods on board，or are carrying prohibited goods including animals____their port of departure.
A.with regard to B.ignorant of C.resistant to D.irrespective of
32.I didn’t need any specifc medical input or____control，although I was in a mess physically and I did need to rest，relax，and recharge myself.
A.symptom B.surface C.treatment D.synthesis
33.The____was that，if you had to abandon ship and had time to put on a dry suit，it would be an excellent aid to self-preservation.
A.conviction B.contradiction C.verdict D.confusion
34.With the____of China’s political infuence on the international stage，overseas Chinese are more and more respected in all felds.
A.elevating B.lifting C.ascending D.descending
35.A（n）____is a person who studies the origin，the behavior，and the physical，social，and cultural development of human beings.
A.chronicler B.astrologist C.anthropologist D.orthodontist
36.The girl could not____the temptation of the piece of chocolate and told a lie.
A.resist B.consist C.persist D.insist
37.What he said，____，was that he couldn’t support our plans and would resign.
A.at large B.in chorus C.in time D.in essence
38.It is hard to imagine that this apparently____professor was a criminal.
A.respectable B.respective C.respectful D.respirable
39.If you____a heart-attack or stroke victim who needs your assistance，your frst response should be to stay calm and urge bystanders to call for an ambulance.
A.fnd out B.go into C.pass by D.come across
40.Despite the limitations of a standard CT，it does a____job of picturing the internal anatomy of the body.
A.supreme B.superb C.suffcient D.superfuous
Section B
Directions：Each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined.There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence.Choose the word or phrase which can best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined part.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
41.The tendency of the human body to reject foreign matter is the main obstacle to successful organ transplantation.
A.factor B.constituent C.break D.barrier
42.Whenever you need Tom，he is always there whether it be an ear or a helping hand，so you can always lean on him.
A.beneft from B.count on C.stand for D.stick to
43.The news reports completely overlooked the more profound political implications of the events.
A.foresaw B.neglected C.explored D.assessed
44.Teachers and nurses who deal with children are obliged to report cases of suspected child abuse to authorities.
A.reminded B.expected C.requested D.compelled
45.Your grade will be based in large part on the originality of your ideas.
A.popularity B.creativity C.feasibility D.fexibility
46.We suspect there is a quite deliberate attempt to sabotage the elections and undermine the electoral commission.
A.conscious B.desperate C.intentional D.clumsy
47.So strange were the circumstances of my story that I can scarcely believe myself to have been a party to them.
A.hardly B.just C.almost D.defnitely
48.Smoke particles and other air pollutants are often trapped in the atmosphere，thus forming dirty fog.
A.caught B.constrained C.concealed D.concentrated
49.Employees in chemical factories are entitled to receive extra pay for doing hazardous work.
A.poisonous B.diffcult C.harmful D.dangerous
50.Curt Carlson，the wealthiest man in Minnesota，owned a hotel and travel company with sales reaching in the neighborhood of￡9 billion.
A.precisely B.merely C.approximately D.substantially
Part ⅢCloze（10%）
Directions：For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices marked A，B，C and D on the right side.Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
Cancer is considered a modern disease，though it was not unknown in ancient times.（The condition was named by the Greeks from their word for crab， presumably because of its clawing，crablike growth）. The incidence of cancer has risen dramatically in recent decades，primarily 51 cigarette smoking， and cancer is probably our most dreaded disease today.As a cause of death in the United States， cancer has climbed from less than 6 percent of all deaths in 1900 to over 20 percent today， 52 recent statistics.It is already the leading killer of women aged thirty to fifty-four.And add a killer of the overall population，it is second only to heart disease， 53 close to 430，000 deaths per year.This fgure has risen annually since 1949，and if percent trends continue，cancer may well overtake heart disease as the number one cause of death.
Can We Fight Cancer More Effectively Today？
Although there is still much to be learned about cancer，our knowledge of the disease has grown steadily in recent years.We have a better understanding of the disease and are fnding ways to 54 it.Early recognition of the signs of cancer，prompt diagnosis，and aggressive treatment by the appropriate means have made the word cancer less 55 than it used to be.Even people with forms of cancer that are still diffcult to treat know that current techniques may 56 them to outwit the disease until improved treatment becomes available.Many cancer victims have hope where there was once despair.
Even more important is the fact that some kinds of cancer are 57 caused by preventable factors— for example，25 to 30 percent of all cancer deaths are related to cigarette smoking，and most skin cancer is caused by 58 exposure to the sun.Not all forms of cancer have such obvious associations，but where risk factors have been 59 ，we can use this knowledge and attempt to reduce the odds of developing those particular forms of disease.You and the people you know can 60 your cancer risk as individuals.
51.A.prior to B.due to
C.according to D.concerning
52.A.based on B.on the basis
C.concerning D.due to
53.A.leading to B.resulting from
C.accounting for D.relating to
54.A.consult B.cope with
C.develop D.give on
55.A.frightened B.terrifying
C.identifying D.circulating
56.A.advise B.approve
C.enable D.arise
57.A.in sequence B.in part
C.in turn D.in addition
58.A.extensive B.intensive
C.massive D.excessive
59.A.postponed B.predicted
C.presented D.established
60.A.reduce B.destroy
C.scratch D.exclude
Part ⅣReading Comprehension（30%）(https://www.daowen.com)
Directions：In this section there are six passages，each of which is followed by fve questions.For each question there are four possible answers marked A，B，C and D.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choices on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage One
When people are struck by lightening，they fall to the ground as though they were struck by a severe blow to the head.After the shock they may remain unconscious，become semiconscious or be conscious but confused and dazed，at least for a time.Flashes of light may continue passing before their eyes，and blindness and deafness may follow.The nervous system may be badly affected，causing paralysis，pain in the limbs and even hemorrhage.There will be burns where the lightening passed through the body，and like all electrical bunts，they are often deep and sever.
All persons，especially campers and hunters，should know how to give frst aid to someone who has been struck by lightening.Do not be afraid to touch the victim.You won’t get a shock.The lightening has already been grounded.Remember that speed is of the greatest importance in severe cases.
The frst thing to do is to loosen tight clothing about the throat and waist.Then clear the air passages of mucus（黏液）if present，and apply artifcial respiration if necessary.Give mouth-mouth resuscitation if needed，or give oxygen if available.Many victims thought to be dead have been revived after treatment.
Send someone for a doctor as soon as possible，but don’t leave the victim alone.If a doctor is not available，take the person to a hospital as soon as the person can be safely moved.
Signs of shock are：pale，cold，sticky skin；weak，rapid pulse；shallow，irregular breathing or， in extreme cases，no breathing at all.To treat shock，you must keep the patient lying down with the head lower than the feet and cover him or her with a blanket but watch out for overheating.Giving a stimulating hot tea or coffee will help，but only if the patient is thoroughly conscious.
After breathing has been restored and shock is treated，treat the burns.Apply some salve and cover them with a clean cloth or a sterile dressing.If conscious，the patient will be badly frightened，so do all you can to reassure.A little knowledge and a helping hand may save someone’s life.
61.The passage mainly talks about____.
A.which metals conduct electricity best
B.where to go in a thunderstorm
C.how to treat someone struck by lightening
D.how to make mouth-to-mouth resuscitation
62.According to the passage，all the following are signs of shock except____.
A.abnormal fever B.cold skin
C.irregular breathing D.rapid pulse
63.It can be guessed from the passage that____.
A.many campers and hunters are struck by lightening
B.cars are convenient for outdoor activities
C.electric shock does little harm to the human body
D.only professional nurses and doctors are allowed to give frst aid
64.The word“salve”in Line 2 of the last paragraph most likely means“____”.
A.sponge B.bandage C.ointment D.liquid
65.Which of the following must not be done while treating shock？
A.Giving the patient a cup of hot tea.
B.Making the patient lie with the feet lower than the head.
C.Covering the burns with a sterile dressing.
D.Applying artifcial respiration.
Passage Two
Even as Americans have been gaining weight，they have cut their average fat intake from 36 to 34 percent of their total diets in the past 15 years.And indeed，cutting fat to control or lose weight makes sense.Fat has nine calories per gram.Protein and carbohydrates have just four.Moreover，the body uses fewer calories to metabolize fat than it does to metabolize other foods.Compared with protein and carbohydrates—which break down into amino acids and simple sugars，respectively，and can be used to strengthen and energize the body—dietary fat is more easily converted to body fat.Therefore，it’s more likely to stay on buttocks，thighs and bellies.
But cutting fat from your diet doesn’t necessarily mean your body won’t store fat.For example， between nonfat and regular cookies，there’s trivial difference in calories because manufacturers make up for the loss of fat by adding sugar.Low-fat crackers，soups and dressings can also be just as high in calories as richer versions.No matter where the calories come from，overeating will still cause weight gain.The calories from fat just do it a little quicker.A Wisconsin computer programmer who decided with a diet coach to eat only 40 grams of fat a day learned the lesson frsthand.He wasn’t losing weight.Then he showed his food diary to his coach and revealed he’d been eating half a pound of jelly beans a day.“They don’t have any fat，”he explains.But they had enough sugar to keep him from shedding an ounce.
Nonfat foods become add-on foods.When we add them to our diet，we actually increase the number of calories we eat per day and gain weight.That was borne out in a Pennsylvania State University study.For breakfast，Prof.Barbara Rolls gave two groups of women yogurt that contained exactly the same amount of calories.One group’s yogurt label said“high fat”—the other，“low fat”.The“low fat”yogurt group ate signifcantly more calories later in the day than the other group.“People think they’ve saved fat and can indulge themselves later in the day with no adverse consequences，”says Richard Mattes，a nutrition researcher at Purdue University.“But when they do that，they don’t compensate very precisely，and they often end up overdoing it.”
66.Why Americans are still gaining weight？
A.They eat too much fat.
B.They overeat.
C.They eat low-fat crackers，soups and dressings.
D.They eat sugar.
67.What lesson did the computer programmer learn？
A.Overeating will cause weight gain.
B.He can eat half a pound of jelly beans a day.
C.He didn’t eat any fat.
D.His coach gave him a lecture.
68.Prof.Barbara’s experiment proved that____.
A.two groups ate the same amount of calories
B.two groups ate the same amount of yogurt
C.the“low fat”yogurt group ate signifcantly more calories later in the day than the other group
D.people increase the number of calories they eat per day and gain weight
69.According to the author，____has less calories.
A.fat B.protein and carbohydrates
C.amino acid D.sugar
70.What can you infer from the passage？
A.To keep from being overweight，people have to eat non-fat food.
B.The calories from fat just do it a little quicker than that from protein and carbohydrates.
C.People should avoid temptation.
D.Americans realize that it is necessary to count calories before eating the food.
Passage Three
School authorities often refuse to face the problem；government drug-abuse agencies have done all too little to inform the public about it；many physicians still seem unaware of it when they examine teenagers.As a result，parents may still be the last to know that their children have fallen victim to the drug epidemic that has been raging for more than a decade among American’s youth.In a 1980 survey of a middle income Cincinnati suburb，38 percent of the sixth grade and 89 percent of the senior class said they used drugs and/or alcohol；48%percent of the parents thought their children used alcohol，but only 8 percent thought their children used drugs.
Fortunately，there is a few force at work against this epidemic—a nationwide movement of more than 400 parent groups formed to expose and battle drug use among teenagers and preteens.The groups， ranging in size from 15 members to more than 800，have different approaches and widely varying rates of success.Yet this parental crusade is the only major force in the country to have taken active，organized and effective steps aimed at stopping marijuana use.
Why the concentration on marijuana？Because it is the illegal drug most used by kids.According to the 1982 National High School Senior Survey，44 percent of U.S.high-school seniors had smoked pot during the year，and one out of seven of these were daily or near daily smokers.
Moreover，in 1982，sociologists Richard Clayton and Harwin Voss reported a close-related connection between pot smoking and subsequent use of cocaine and heroin by young men.Of those， who had smoked pot fewer than 100 times，seven percent had graduated to cocaine，four percent to heroine.But of those who had smoked pot at least 1，000 times，the equivalent of once a day for those years，73 percent had gone on to cocaine，and one out of three had graduated to heroin.（Although heroin use among high-school seniors is minimal—0.6 percent in the past year—multi-drug use is“in”.）
Parent groups have found that by stopping their kids from smoking pot，they almost automatically stop all other illegal drugs，and cut down on alcohol use as well.The High School Senior Survey’s statistics show that heavy pot smokers tend to be heavy drinkers，while those who do not use pot tend not to drink heavily.
Since virtually all over the country teenage“partying”has come to mean“getting smashed and getting stoned”—on anything from pot to pills to hashish，ISD，angel dust and alcohol—some parent groups home in on the partying aspect.Parents Who Care（PWC）was started in November 1979 by 15 Palo Alto，Calif.，parents who were upset by stories of serious drug problems at parties.They held talk sessions with their children and learned，as founder Joann Lundgren observed，that most of them had never been to a party where the main activity was not getting high.
The parents’solution：workshops showing kids how to give successful drug-and-alcohol-free parties.Says Margret Ranch，PWC director，“We’ve seen a change in attitude.Young people are feeling more comfortable saying no.”
71.What does“the problem”in the frst line refer to？
A.The fact that government drug-abuse organizations are reluctant to inform the public of the drug-taking phenomenon among teenagers.
B.The fact that many doctors are ignorant of the drug-taking phenomenon among teenager.
C.The fact that many parents are ignorant of the drug-taking phenomenon among their children.
D.The fact that many young people have yielded to the wide use of drugs.
72.What is the new force against the popular drug addiction in the United States？
A.The parent movement. B.The organized school authorities.
C.The child organizations. D.The youth movement.
73.Why do the parents of young drug users focus their efforts on pot smoking？
A.Marijuana is the illegal drug most used by kids.
B.Pot smoking may directly lead to the use of cocaine and heroin by young people.
C.The withdrawal from pot smoking contributes to abandoning other drugs.
D.This is the way they found effective to make contributions to society.
74.What method does PWC take to prevent their children from holding parties where they get completely intoxicated？
A.Parents held talk sessions with their children in order to persuade them to give up pot smoking.
B.PWC established workshops to help young people give drug-and-alcohol-free parties.
C.PWC helped the school authorities set up workshops of this kind.
D.They held talk sessions and invited experts to make lectures on how to give up drug-taking.
75.In the eye’s of the author，the solution taken by the parents____.
A.is not so fruitful B.seems effective
C.needs testing D.is directed by government drug-abuse agencies
Passage Four
The bird fu virus is mutating and becoming more dangerous to mammals，according to researchers. The discovery reinforces fears that a human pandemic of the disease could yet occur.Avian fu hit the headlines in 1997 when a strain called H5N1 jumped from chickens to people，killing 6 people in Hong Kong.Within 3 days，the country’s entire chicken population was slaughtered and the outbreak was controlled.Since then new strains of virus have emerged，killing a further 14 people.As yet，no strain has been able to jump routinely from person to person.But if a more virulent strain evolves，the fear is that it could trigger widespread outbreaks，potentially affecting millions of people.
Now，genetic and animal studies show that the virus is becoming more menacing to mammals. Immediate action is needed to stem the virus’s transmission，says Hualan Chen from Harbin Veterinary Research Institute，China，who was involved in the research.Chen and colleagues studied 21 H5N1 fu virus samples taken from apparently healthy ducks，which act as a natural reservoir for the disease，in southern China between 1999 and 2002.The researchers inoculated groups of chickens，mice and ducks with virus samples taken from different years and waited to see which animals became ill.Their results are presented this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
As expected，ducks were immune to the virus’s effects and the chickens fell sick.However，the mice also became ill，losing weight and the use of their limbs.Crucially，the severity of their illness was linked with the year from which the virus sample was taken.Viruses isolated in 2001 and 2002 made the animals more ill than those isolated earlier on.
The findings hint that some time around 2001，the virus became adept at infecting mammals. Genetic analysis of the same samples reveals that the virus’s DNA changed over that time，suggesting that accumulated mutations may have contributed to the increased virulence.
Researchers are concerned that a virus that has acquired the ability to infect mice could also infect humans.“The disease could resurge at any time，”warns virologist Marion Koopmans from the National Institute of Public Health and the Environment in Bilthoven，the Netherlands.The fndings highlight the need for improved surveillance to ensure that any future outbreaks are curtailed，she says.Although domestic poultry are easily culled，wild animals are more difficult to contain.“It is impossible to eradicate the natural reservoir，”says Koopmans，“so we need to learn to live with it.”
Birds may not be the only villains in this story，however.Chen believes that pigs may also play a part.In Asia，chickens and pigs are often kept in close proximity，so the virus may have shuffed back and forth between the 2 species，picking up mutations and becoming better at infecting mammalian hosts.Humans may then have caught the disease from swine.
76.This passage is mainly concerned with____.
A.the spread of the bird fu virus to mammals
B.the domestic and wild poultry population
C.H5N1 isolated only from chicken
D.a new virus strain jumping routinely from person to person
77.The fact that the H5N1 virus was isolated from apparently healthy ducks suggests that____.
A.researchers worked real hard
B.ducks were inoculated with H5N1 vaccine
C.ducks might be a natural host of the virus
D.the virus made animals sicker than other viruses
78.We can infer from Paragraph 3 that____.
A.the year in which the virus was isolated has nothing to do with the severity of illness
B.ducks are more likely to contract avian fu
C.accumulated mutations have occurred in the H5N1 virus
D.mice that are immune to the virus become sick
79.The fndings show that the accumulated mutations____.
A.have been adept at infecting mammals
B.may have contributed to the increased virulence of the virus
C.have led to the virus’s DNA changes
D.require genetic analysis of the same samples
80.Koopman is convinced that human beings must learn to live with bird fu because____.
A.study fndings highlight the need for improved surveillance
B.wild animals are easy to cull
C.the disease could come back at any time
D.it is impossible to eliminate any natural host of the virus
Passage Five
Cardiologists have pioneered the world’s first non-surgical bypass operation to turn a vein into an artery using a new technique to divert blood fow in a man with severe heart disease.The keyhole procedure，which avoids the extensive invasive surgery of a conventional bypass，will offer hope to ten of thousands of people at risk from heart attacks.
Coronary heart disease，where the arteries are progressively silted up with fatty deposits，is responsible in a major industrial country like Britain for more than 160，000 deaths each year.Although major heart surgery is becoming commonplace，with more than 28，000 bypass operations in the UK annually，it is traumatic for patients and involves a long recovery period.
The new technique was carried out by an international team of doctors who performed the non-invasive surgery on a 53-year-old German patient.According to a special report in Circulation，journal of the American Heart Association，cardiologists developed a special catheter which was inserted into one of his leg arteries，threaded up through the aorta to the top of the diseased artery，which was the only part still open and receiving blood.Then，guided by ultrasound，a physician pushed a needle from inside the catheter through the artery wall and into the adjacent vein.A thin，fexible wire was threaded through the needle and the needle and catheter were withdrawn，leaving the wire behind and a small angioplasty balloon，which was used to widen the cannel.Finally，the vein was blocked of just above the new channel allowing blood from the artery to be re-routed down the vein.
After the procedure，the vein effectively became an artery，carrying blood in the reverse direction from the previous way，and feeding the starved heart tissue with oxygen.
Dr.Stephen Oesterle，who led the team，said：“This milestone marks the frst coronary artery bypass performed with a catheter.The technology offers a realistic hope for truly minimally invasive bypass procedures in the future.One of the most invasive things you can do in medicine is coronary artery bypass surgery.Our ultimate goal is to replace traditional coronary artery bypass with a procedure that does not require surgery.”Dr.Oesterle is director of cardiology at Massachusetts General Hospital and associated professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School in Boston，Melanie Raddon，cardia nurse at the British Heart Foundation，said it was likely to be many years before the procedure was routinely used in hospitals.
81.Compared to conventional bypass procedure，the new bypass treatment____.
A.makes the patient feel less painful and recover sooner
B.is an extensive invasive surgery employing high technology
C.can bring an artery into vein without surgery
D.can progressively silt up with fatty deposits
82.Which of the following is the frst step of the bypass operation？
A.Thread up through the aorta to the top of the diseased artery.
B.Push a needle through artery wall into the adjacent vein.
C.Put a special catheter into one of the leg arteries.
D.Block off the vein to allow blood to be re-routed.
83.It can be concluded that after the new bypass treatment，____.
A.the wire inside the vein widens the channel
B.blood fows in the opposite direction to the former one
C.the starved heart tissue is fed through the previous blood route
D.the patient was implanted with a new electronic heart
84.What is Dr.Oesterle’s attitude towards the new bypass？
A.Critical. B.Positive. C.Indifferent. D.Neutral.
85.The purpose of writing this text is probably to____.
A.praise the high technological level of Harvard Medical School
B.comfort those patients who have developed Coronary heart disease
C.introduce a new therapy to cure heart disease
D.criticize the traditional bypass surgery
Passage Six
What we don’t know about kids and television could fll a weeklong miniseries.Given worries about everything from childhood obesity to scholastic shortcomings，it’s high time to fnd out.But before Congress approves$20 million a year to research children and the media，it should get more specifc assurances that the money will pay for comprehensive，high-quality studies instead of bits of teasing information.
Up to now，a patchwork of research on kids and TV has yielded plenty of suspicion but little real knowledge. Yes，a study two years ago found that teenagers who watched a lot of TV tended to be more aggressive.But what does that mean？Maybe more-aggressive kids are drawn more to TV.Ditto for the April study about preschoolers who watch hours of TV tending to have attention-span problems later on.It’s possible that children with a propensity toward attention problems are drawn more to that jumpy on-screen world in the frst place.
For better or worse，U.S.kids spend a lot of time in front of a TV or computer screen，two hours daily for those 5 and younger.If the schools spent two hours a day on a single activity，there would be intense concern about its value.
So there is worth in legislation by Sen.Joe Lieberman to provide$100 million over five years for research on child development and electronic media.A scientific panel would set up a list of the key issues to be studied and review grant applications from universities or nonprofit institutes.This centralized approach makes sense—especially considering the money involved.
Good studies are costly，and there haven’t been enough of them on this subject.Merely showing a link between TV viewing and a certain behavior doesn’t prove anything.In addition to the possibility the behavior is causing the TV watching instead of the other way around，a third factor could be causing both.Only carefully controlled studies obtain worthwhile results.
At their best，such studies might tell us whether educational computer games for toddlers interrupt the natural development of the brain instead of aiding it，or whether seeing Ronald McDonald cavort on a soccer feld makes a child more active or just more likely to crave French fries.Parents could decide limits based on more than instinct.
But before spending the money，Congress should insist on a quality of research that will give the public answers about TV instead of more arguments.This shouldn’t be a handout to think tanks for more mushy research on a complicated but vital issue.
86.The purpose of the author in writing this passage is____.
A.to arouse the attention of the public about what they do not know about kids’watching TV
B.to help parents learn more about the benefts of spending long hours before TV
C.to criticize the TV agencies for airing programs that appeal to children
D.to reproach the government for not subsidizing research on children’s behaviour
87.We can infer from the passage that____.
A.what we have learned about kids’watching TV is not well grounded so far
B.children should have played more instead of watching so much TV
C.children are likely to have the problem of attention-span if they watch too much TV
D.a link between watching TV and a certain behaviour does not prove anything
88.The word“propensity”in Paragraph 2 is probably closest in meaning to“____”.
A.behaviour B.possibility C.inclination D.mentality
89.Too much viewing of TV may cause the following problems EXCEPT____.
A.scholastic shortcoming B.teasing information
C.attention span D.childhood obesity
90.The author tries to suggest that____.
A.there are worries about childhood obesity and scholastic shortcomings
B.parents should decide limits based on more than instinct
C.there are more than enough studies on the issues caused by viewing
D.studies on child development and TV viewing have not given the public satisfactory answers
Please turn to the next page and go on to Paper Two.（注意：考试进行到115分钟时收试卷一，然后开始做试卷二。）
试卷二（Paper Two）
Part ⅤWriting（20%）
Directions：Please read the following article in Chinese carefully，and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEET.Make sure that you cover all the major points of the article.
普及急救技能，助力健康中国
随着社会发展，突发疾病、意外伤害不断增多，在这些情况发生时，人们往往面临不会救、不敢救的尴尬。如何让更多的人掌握急救技能，从而挽救更多生命，助力健康中国建设，是全社会面临的重大问题。
据统计，心血管疾病已成为中国居民最主要的疾病死亡原因和急救医疗机构最主要的救治病种。如果有更多人能掌握及时有效的心肺复苏术，就可以显著提高心脏骤停患者的生存概率。但现实情况是，80%的心脏骤停患者发生于医院外，而我国只有不到1%的人掌握心肺复苏操作。也正是由于这个原因，我国的院外抢救成功率不足1%。据有关部门统计，我国每年心脏性猝死的人数超过54万，相当于每分钟就有1人发生心脏性猝死，位居全球各国之首。
心肺复苏是恢复心脏规律舒缩和泵血功能的主要抢救方法，能否在黄金抢救时限5分钟内及时进行心肺复苏，直接关系到患者的生命能否成功挽救。国内外成功的经验均表明，向公众普及心肺复苏技术是提高救治成功率的重要保证。据了解，法国心肺复苏培训普及率为总人口的40%，德国更是高达80%。不少国家还明文规定，在谋求某些职位时，应聘人员必须持有急救员合格证。
专家认为，我国应大力普及心肺复苏技术。需要注意的是，要实现这样的目标，仅依靠为数不多的零散式培训是远远不够的，必须调动社会各方力量，深入发掘普及潜力。这其中，从事医学专业的医务工作者理应率先垂范。建议大力开展“全国心肺复苏技术普及进亿家精准健康工程”，让医务工作者们从自身做起，从家庭成员做起，普及心肺复苏技术。我国现有医务工作者及经过红十字会心肺复苏专业培训的人员近两千万名，假如每人负责5户家庭的心肺复苏培训，每个家庭以2人计算，可有1亿户家庭约2亿人得到培训。由此，以每年心肺复苏技术普及率3%至5%的比例递增，5年后我国心肺复苏技术的普及率将增长至15%至25%。相信通过医务工作者传授亲友这种以点带面乃至“滚雪球”的方式，有望突破我国心肺复苏技术普及率低的瓶颈，并摸索出一条符合中国国情的心肺复苏技术普及之路。
This is the end of Model Test Five.（注意：写作部分要求50分钟内完成。）