Reading Actively
1.David, a policeman, came to a cabin about two miles up the mountain to get Cal Richards, an armed and dangerous killer. 警察大卫来到一间离山脚约两英里处的小屋,来逮捕凯尔·里查兹,一个携枪的、危险的杀人凶手。
armed adj. （used of persons or the military) characterised by having or bearing arms 武装的
armed robbery 持枪抢劫
heavily armed troops 全副武装的军队
arm vt.& n.
vt. to supply or provide with weapons （以武器)装备
We should arm ourselves with a new theory. 我们应该用新理论武装自己。
They are armed with swords and guns. 他们装备着剑和枪。
n. a human limb 手臂
【拓展】
cost/pay an arm and a leg （cost/pay a lot of money) 花费很多钱
keep sb. at arm’s length （avoid having a close relationship with somebody)
与某人保持距离；疏远某人；不与某人过于亲近
arm in arm （with the arm of one person linked with the arm of the other) 臂挽臂地
2.Through a broken window, he saw an old man with a beard closely watching him. 透过一扇破窗户,大卫看到一个留胡子的老人正紧紧地盯着他。
closely adv. in an attentive or close manner 紧密地；仔细地；接近地
We should listen closely to the teachers in class. 我们在课堂上应该认真听老师讲。
It’s a closely guarded secret. 这是一个严守的秘密。
TIP
注意区别以下几组副词的用法:close/closely； high/highly； deep/deeply； wide/widely。 不加-ly 的副词修饰具体的动作,强调可见性和可测量性；而加-ly 的副词多用于修饰抽象性行为和状态。
【练习】选词填空
1)Do you see the butterfly flying__________（high/highly) above the street?
2)The foreign guests are__________（high/highly) praised.
3)We were__________（wide/widely) different on many questions.
4)Disease and lack of fitness are__________（close/closely) related.
Keys:high； highly； widely； closely
3.When he stepped into the cabin, he found the old man was pointing a gun at him.
他走进小屋,发现老人正用枪对着他。
point v.& n.
vt. /vi. to hold out your finger toward or aim sth. at… （用手指)指；对准；指向
It’s rude to point at （stretch out your finger at) people while you are speaking.
说话时用手指着对方是不礼貌的。
The hands of the clock pointed to half past one. 时钟的指针指向了一点半。
He pointed out （showed； indicated) the dangers of driving alone.
他指出了一个人开车的危险性。
n.分数；论点；观点；重点；核心问题；意图；目的；理由
I saw the basketball match last night； in the end Australia finished 20 points （scores) ahead.
我看了昨晚的篮球赛。 最后澳大利亚队终局领先20 分。
Mr. White made the point （expressed the idea) that students would learn better through firsthand experience. 怀特老师认为学生通过亲身体验会学得更好。
It took her a long time to come to the point （to the main topic).
她花了很长时间才说到点子上来。
There is no point in （It’s no use) denying the truth. 否认真相是没有意义的。
They were on the point of giving up （were about to give up) when the heavy storm suddenly stopped.
他们正要放弃,这时暴风雨突然停了。
4.David crossed the room and felt sweat on his forehead, but he took the violin from the wall calmly as if he were a welcome visitor. 大卫走过屋子,他额头上冒出了汗,但他还是从容地从墙上取下了小提琴,就好像他是一位颇受欢迎的客人似的。
as if as though 似乎,好像
Hearing the bad news, the little girl looks as if she is going to cry.
听到这个坏消息,这个小女孩儿看上去似乎要哭了。
Mr. Smith treats me as if I were his son. （subjunctive mood 虚拟语气)
斯密斯先生把我当儿子一样对待。(https://www.daowen.com)
TIP
注意判断as if 引导从句时是否需要使用虚拟语气。 应根据上下文作语境分析,描述非真实的情况时才需要使用虚拟语气。 as if 后的虚拟语气如果与现在的情况相反,用过去时态,并且用were 代替was； as if 后的虚拟语气如果与过去的情况相反,用过去完成时态。
【练习】
1)Oh, another car crash. It looks as if we__________（be) late for school.
2)She has finished a whole bottle of wine. She talks as if she__________（be) drunk.
3)My English teacher always talks to me as if she__________（be) my sister.
4)She works hard as if she never__________（know) exhaustion （tiredness).
5)I feel as if I__________（be) born again.
Keys: are going to be； is； were； knew； had been
5.The old man stood there, attracted. 老人站在那里,被乐曲声吸引住了。
【注意】attracted 是形容词,在句中做状语。 形容词做状语的常见情况有:
1)作伴随或结果状语
The old man sat, deep in thought （and was deep in thought). 老人坐着,陷入了沉思。
Breathless, （She was breathless when) she rushed in through the gate. 她从前门冲进来, 气喘吁吁地。
2)作原因状语
Afraid of being scolded （As he was afraid of being scolded), little Franz thought of playing truant.
因为害怕被责备,小弗朗兹想到了逃学。
3)作时间或条件状语Ripe, these apples are sweet. （When/If these apples are ripe, they are sweet.) 这些苹果成熟了非常甜。
4)作让步状语
Wet or fine （Whether it was wet or fine), he got up at six and took a walk in the park.
无论下雨或天晴,他都六点起床然后去公园散步。
6.When the final notes of the tune died away, the old man placed the gun in a corner.
当乐曲的最后一个音符消失时,老人把枪放在了墙角。
die away to become gradually less strong or weaker （声音)变弱,逐渐消失
The sound of their laughter died away （became gradually weaker and finally disappear).
他们的笑声逐渐消失了。
【拓展】含有die 的其他词组。
When the applause had died down （become gradually less strong), she began her speech.
当掌声平息后,她开始了演讲。
The species have nearly died out （stopped existing) because their habitat is being destroyed.
这些物种已经几乎灭绝了,因为它们的栖息地遭到了破坏。
I’m dying for （want… very much) a glass of water. 我真想喝杯水。
I’m dying to （desire to) know what happened. 我真想知道发生了什么事。
7.The next day, as the town clock struck twelve, a bearded old man came up the street towards the police station. 第二天,当城里的钟敲响了12 下时,一位留着胡子的老人沿着街道向警察局走来。
strike vt. /vi. （struck, struck) to show the time by making a ringing noise 敲（钟),报（时)
The clock has just struck three. 钟敲了三下。
【拓展】strike 还有“打；击；罢工；撞击”等含义。
Strike （Hit) while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
An awful thought has just struck me （come into my mind suddenly).
我突然有了一个可怕的念头。
The union has voted to strike （refuse to work) for a pay increase of 5%.
工会投票决定罢工,要求加薪5%。
I was struck by （was impressed by) her youth and enthusiasm. 我被她的年轻和热情迷住了。
TIP
注意strike 做名词时的词义与其做动词时的词义的关联,有利于词汇拓展和联想记忆。 如:
a one-day strike 为期一天的罢工 an air strike 空袭
Beckham’s amazing strike in the second half made the score 2－0.
贝克汉姆在下半场一脚惊人的射门把比分改写为2 比0。
类似的单词还有record, aim, brush, practice, experience, name, present 等。