5.4.8 Lack of Public Awareness
Since most of the historic personalities’ residences do not predominate in terms of architectural style, quality and art, the value of these residences is often neglected by the public.In particular, the people living in these residences and neighbors are not aware of the daily maintenance requirements of these residences.Some even do not know that the place where they have lived for many years is the former residence of a famous person.They do not consciously protect the original appearance of the residences.There is no awareness of how best to interpret and display these precious heritages, thus stimulating the public enthusiasm for the protection and management of these former residences.The result is lack of integration for the historic heritage and the cultural spirit behind them into public life, therefore they are not playing a positive role in the development of contemporary society, which perpetrates many issues.
In summary, the protection and revitalization of historic personalities’ residences is the key to their sustainable development.Natural and man-made damage, backward protection concepts and out of date technologies have led to the predicament of such cultural heritage sites.It is difficult to integrate these sites into modern life due to the lack of effective means of revitalization.The protection concept and utilization of the former residences of Jinan are far removed from the overall development of China’s cultural heritage.
It is seen that historic personalities’ residences which have not been listed are often developed for various commercial purposes which have nothing to do with the heritage value.Those included in the cultural relic’s protection list have complex ownership rights and different usages.The residences which have property rights that belong to the state or collective unit are generally open to the public as a memorial hall.They pay more attention to maintenance of the building and the environment, and engage in actively protecting and displaying historical materials, but lack the proper interpretation techniques and methods that combine social characteristics, public life and the community.Those residences in which property rights belong to private people has gradually lost their original appearance and cultural atmosphere due to over-renovation or destruction.
From the point of view of the protection concept, the authenticity, integrity and public participation of protection are poor.The maintenance and repair process of the buildings is inaccurate, which is inconsistent with the real-life environment of the historic personalities at that time.In the scope of protection, the protection of the surrounding and cultural environment is weak.This is leading to a disconnection between the former residence and their environment.In term of the public participation, there is no effective interaction between the public and the residence culture.
In recent years, the status of the residences of historic personalities in Jinan has been frequently reported by the media.Historic architecture preservation experts and scholars have also discussed ideas for protection and activation.In 2016, a bimonthly symposium at the Shandong Provincial Political Consultative Conference was held.Experts discussed the protection and sustainable development of these residences, and put forward feasible suggestions.In order to realize the social, cultural and economic value of these former residences, it is necessary to update the concept of heritage protection and seek the support of advanced technology.The Jinan Municipal Political and Cultural Information Committee put forward the Proposal on the Protection and Utilization of the Former Residence of historic personalities in Jinan.However, the formal laws, regulations and administrative provisions on these notable residences have not yet been introduced.
【注释】
[1]Archaeological Jinan 7|Exploring Jiaojia Ruins, http://jnweb.sobeycloud.com/jntxqc/jnf/77500.shtml
[2]Shandong Geological and Mineral Bureau, Jinan Spring Water: Origin, Evolution and Protection, Yellow River Publishing House, 2003, p7.
[3]the birthplace of Confucius.
[4]Jinan City Chronicles Compilation Committee, Jinan City Record, Zhonghua Book Company Press, 1997, p4.
[5]Jinan Historical Records Compilation Committee, Jinan Historical Records (1), Local Records Publishing House.2013.
[6]Jinan City Chronicles Compilation Committee, Jinan City Record, Zhonghua Book Company Press, 1997, p5.
[7]Ibid., p442
[8]Zhang Runwu, et al., Illustration of Historic Architectures in Jinan, Jinan Publish House, 2007.
[9]Chinese character曲水流觞.It is an ancient folk custom, with a gathered crowd drinking water from a winding canal with one wine cup floating on it so as to wash away ominousness.
[10]Li Wanpeng, Urban Folklore of Jinan, Jinan Publish House, 2002.
[11]UNDRR, Hyogo Framework for Action, 2005.
[12]UNISDR, Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, 2015.(https://www.daowen.com)
[13]Jinan City Chronicles Compilation Committee, Jinan City Record, 1997, p481.
[14]Ibid., p476.
[15]Jinan City Chronicles Compilation Committee, Jinan City Record, Zhonghua Book Company Press, 1997, p477-478.
[16]Gupta, H.K., “A Review of Recent Studies of Triggered Earthquakes by Artificial Water Reservoirs with Special Emphasis on Earthquakes in Koyna, India”, Earth-Science Reviews, 2002(58), p279-310.
[17]Sharon La Franiere, Possible Link Between Dam and China Quake, New York Times, 6 February 2009.https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/06/world/asia/06quake.html
[18]Compilation Committee, Jinan Civil Affairs Records, Jinan Publish House, 2008.
[19]China’s Excellent Tourism Cities in Vigorous Development, China’s Urban Yearbook, 2002.
[20]Wu Ying, Wang Chengxin, Wang Botao, Analysis of Urbanization and Tourism Development in Jinan，https://www.xzbu.com/2/view-7462782.htm
[21]Liu Haiquan, Li Changmei, Shi Xiaohao, The Way of Transforming High-quality Urbanization in Jinan, China Construction News, July 26, 2018.http://www.ciudsrc.com/mobile_news.php?id=131985
[22]General Office of Jinan Municipal Government, http://www.ciudsrc.com/mobile_news.php?id=124133
[23]Fu Xiaofeng, the Population of Jinan will be 8.4 million, the Urbanization Level of Jinan will be over 75%.Jinan News, August 2016.http://www.jinannews.cn/content/2016-08-29/2016082900002.html
[24]Ma, et al., Study of the Train-introduced Vibration Impact on a historical Bell Above Two Spatially overlapping Metro Lines, 2016.
[25]National Bureau of Statistics of China (NBS), 2000-2012
[26]Roura, The Footprint of Polar Tourism: Tourist Behavior at Cultural Heritage Sites in Antarctica and Svalbard, 2011.
[27]UN, Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, 2015.
[28]39 first-class protection historic buildings, 181 secondary protection ones and 146 third-grade protection ones.
[29]formerly Qilu University.