11.6 车身系统
车身为整车的承载部分,同时与各个子系统之间存在着装配关系及数据交换。ADAMS车身模型较为简单,主要是一些变量参数的设置及输出通信器,输出通信器的主要作用是与其他子系统之间建立虚拟意义上的装配,建立好的简化车身模型如图11-41所示。车身建模过程如下,软件界面切换到专家模式界面。
•单击File > New 命令,弹出新建模板对话框;
•Template Name:fsae_chassis;
•Major Role:body;
•单击OK,完成车身模板创建创建。

图11-41 车身简化刚体模型
(1)车身硬点参数。
•单击Build > Hardpoint > New命令,弹出创建硬点对话框;
•Hardpoint Name:path_reference;
•Type:single;
•Location:0.0,0.0,0.0;
•单击Apply,完成path_reference硬点的创建;
•Hardpoind Name:ground_height_reference;
•Type:single;
•Location:0.0,0.0,0.0;
•单击Apply,完成ground_height_reference硬点的创建。
(2)结构框参数。
•单击Build > Construction Frame > New命令;
•Construction Frame(结构框名称):path_reference;
•Type:single;
•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._fsae_chassis.ground.hps_path_reference;
•Location:0,0,0;
•Location in:local;
•Orientation Dependency:User entered values;
•Orient using:Euler Angles;
•Euler Angles:0,0,0;
•单击Apply,完成._fsae_chassis.ground.cfs_path_reference结构框的创建;
•Construction Frame(结构框名称):driver_reference;
•Type:single;
•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._fsae_chassis.ground.hps_path_reference;
•Location:0,0,0;
•Location in:local;
•Orientation Dependency:User entered values;
•Orient using:Euler Angles;
•Euler Angles:180,0,0;
•单击Apply,完成._fsae_chassis.ground.cfs_driver_reference结构框的创建;
•Construction Frame(结构框名称):aero_force_reference;
•Type:single;
•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._fsae_chassis.ground.hps_ground_height_reference;
•Location:0,0,0;
•Location in:local;
•Orientation Dependency:User entered values;
•Orient using:Euler Angles;
•Euler Angles:90,90,180;
•单击OK,完成._fsae_chassis.ground.cfs_aero_force_reference结构框的创建。
(3)车身部件与几何体。
•单击Build > Part > General Part > New命令,弹出创建部件对话框;
•General Part输入chassis;
•Location Dependency:User-entered lacation;
•Location values:0,0,0;
•Orientation Dependency:User-entered values;
•Orient using:Euler Angles;
•Euler Angles:0,0,0;
•Mass:260;
•Ixx:5.23E7;
•Iyy:1.31E8;
•Izz:1.57E8;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:.materials.steel;(https://www.daowen.com)
•单击OK,完成车身部件._fsae_chassis.ges_chassis创建。
•单击Build > Geometry > Ellipsoid > New命令;
•Link Name(连杆名称)输入几何名称:cg_graphic;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._fsae_chassis.ground.hps_path_reference;
•Method:by entering size;
•General Part输入._fsae_chassis.ges_chassis;
•X Radius:100;
•Y Radius:100;
•Z Radius:100;
•Color(杆件几何体颜色):yellow;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:steel;
•其余保持默认设置,单击OK,完成cg_graphic几何体的创建。
(4)车身参数变量。
车身参数变量如表11-3所示:
表11-3 车身变量参数

•单击Build > Parameter Variable > New命令,弹出参数变量对话框;
•Parameter Variable Name:kinematic_flag;
•Integer Value(实数值):1;
•Units:no_units;
•Hide from standard user(是否从标准界面隐藏):yes;
•单击Apply,完成变量._fsae_chassis.phs_kinematic_flag的创建;
•重复上述步骤,按顺序完成表格中对应的参数变量的创建。
(5)输出通信器。
FSAE简化车身共包含26个输出通信器,具体如表11-4所示:
表11-4 车身通信器

•单击Build > Communicator > Output >New命令,弹出输出通信器对话框;
•Output Communicator Name(输出通信器名称):subframe_to_body;
•Matching Name(s):subframe_to_body;
•Type:single;
•Entity:mount;
•To Minor Role:inherit;
•Part Name:._fsae_chassis.ges_chassis;
•单击Apply,完成通信器._fsae_chassis.cos_subframe_to_body的创建;
•重复上述步骤,按顺序完成表格中对应输出通信器的创建。
(6)车身测量函数建立。
车身测量函数主要包括X\Y\Z方向上的加速度及转动角加速度,这6个参数反映整车在运行过程中的车身状态,可以判定整车的稳定性及平顺特性。
① 车身X方向加速度._fsae_chassis.av_x:ACCx(._fsae_chassis.ges_chassis.inertia_frame);
② 车身Y方向加速度:._fsae_chassis.av_yACCY(._fsae_chassis.ges_chassis.inertia_frame);
③ 车身Z方向加速度:._fsae_chassis.av_zACCZ(._fsae_chassis.ges_chassis.inertia_frame);
④ 绕车身X方向转动角加速度._fsae_chassis.WDTX:WDTX(._fsae_chassis.ges_chassis.inertia_frame);
⑤ 绕车身Y方向转动角加速度._fsae_chassis.WDTY:WDTY(._fsae_chassis.ges_chassis.inertia_frame);
⑥ 绕车身Z方向转动角加速度._fsae_chassis.WDTZ:WDTZ(._fsae_chassis.ges_chassis.inertia_frame)。
变量参数,输出通信器建立完成后,车身模型建立完成。
•单击File > Save as命令,弹出Save Template对话框;
•Major Role:body;
•File Fo:rmat:Binary;
•其余设置保持默认,单击OK,完成车身fsae_chassis存储。
(7)车身子系统。
•按F9切换到标准模板,单击File > New > Subsystem命令,弹出新建子系统对话;
•Subsystem Name:FSAE_Body_2017;
•Minor Role:any;
•Template Name:mdids://FASE/templates.tbl/_fsae_chassis.tpl;
•单击OK,完成车身子系统FSAE_Body_2017.sub的建立。
•单击File > Save as命令,弹出Save Subsystem对话框;
•Subsystem Name:FSAE_Body_2017;
•Minor Role:any;
•File Format:TeimOrbit;
•Target:Database,FSAE;
•单击OK,完成轮胎子系统FSAE_Body_2017.sub存储。