8.3.1 Section A 知识要点
1.police station 警察局
police 集体名词,意为“警察;警方”。作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:The police are looking for the little girl.警察正在寻找这个小女孩。
★进阶层
policeman cn.男警察,policewoman cn.女警察,其复数形式分别为policemen和policewomen。例如:
There are three policemen in the office.办公室里有三名男警察。
There are more and more policewomen in China.在中国有越来越多的女警察。
2.Is there a hospital near here? 这附近有医院吗?
(1)Is there...? 有……吗?是 There be 句型的一般疑问句形式。
肯定回答:Yes,there is.否定回答:No,there isn’t.例如:
—Is there a pencil case in your schoolbag? 你的背包里有铅笔盒吗?
—Yes,there is.是的,有。
—No,there isn’t.不,没有。
【辨析】
there be与have/has用法区别(详见表8.1)。
表8.1 there be与have/has用法区别

There are two books and an eraser in my schoolbag.我的书包里有两本书和一块橡皮擦。
I have a pen and two pencils.我有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。
(2)near prep.在……附近
例如:Is there a hotel near our school? 在我们学校附近有酒店吗?
★进阶层
near adj.近的;接近的
例如:The hotel is near the airport.酒店离机场不远。
near adv.在附近
例如:His parents live quite near.他的父母就住在附近。
3.It’s on Bridge Street.它在大桥街上。
on bridge street 在大桥街上,Bridge Street 为专有名词,首字母需大写。类似的专有名词还有 Long Street(长街),Center Street(中心街),New Street(新街),North Street(北街)。
in the street在街上(英式英语) on the street 在街上(美式英语)
注意:“在街上”,英式英语用in,美式英语用on;如果后面接门牌号,则都用at。例如:
He lives in/on Ningbo Street.他住在宁波路。
She lives at No.15 Haichang Street.他住在海昌路15号。
4.The pay phone is across from the library.付费电话在图书馆的对面。
(1)本句属于“主语+be 介词短语”的主系表结构,用来表明某地/某人的位置。可以和 There be 句型进行转换,说明位置关系。例如:
The supermarket is next to the hospital.超市在医院旁边。
= There is a supermarket next to the hospital.
The school is between the park and the bank.学校在公园和银行之间。
= There is a school between the park and the bank.
(2)pay phone 付费电话
例如:There is a pay phone on Center Street.中心街有一个付费电话。
★进阶层
pay v.付款;支付,pay for 为……付款。
例如:How much did you pay for the ticket? 你买那张票花了多少钱?
pay un.工资
例如:Our teachers get their pay at the end of every month.我们的老师在每月的月底领工资。
(3)across from 在……对面,相当于 opposite。
例如:The bookstore is across from the cinema.书店在电影院的对面。
=The bookstore is opposite the cinema.(https://www.daowen.com)
5.The pay phone is next to the library.付费电话紧挨着图书馆。
next to 紧挨着; 在……的旁边,相当于beside。
例如:Our house is next to the police station.我们家紧挨着警察局。
=Our house is beside the police station.
6.The pay phone is in front of the library.付费电话在图书馆前面。
in front of 在……的前面,behind 在……的后面。例如:
Tom is in front of me.汤姆在我的前面。
= I am behind Tom.我在汤姆后面。
There is a parking lot in front of the hotel.酒店前面有一个停车场。
【辨析】
in front of与in the front of用法区别(详见表8.2)。
表8.2 in front of与in the front of用法区别

例如:The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.老师正站在教室的前面。
The post office is in front of the bank.邮局在银行前面。
7.How can I help you? 需要我帮忙吗?
此句广泛用于商店、饭店、旅馆、邮局、办事处等场所,作为对顾客的招呼语,相当于Can I help you?/May I help you?/What can I do for you?/Is there anything I can do for you? 具体含义要视场合而定。例如:
—Can I help you? 你要买点什么?
—I want some apples,please.我想买些苹果。
—Can I help you,sir? 先生,要吃点什么吗?
—Just a cup of orange juice and two eggs,please.只要一杯橙汁和两个鸡蛋。
—What can I do for you? 你要邮寄什么?
—I’d like to send this letter to Chengdu.我要把这封信寄到成都。
8.Well,I’m new in town.嗯,我新来此镇。
in town 表示“说话人所在的城镇”,此时 town 前不加任何冠词。例如:
They stay in the best hotel in town.他们住在镇上最好的旅馆里。
My parents are not at home.They’re shopping in town.我父母不在家,他们在城里购物。
★进阶层
当town意为“小镇;城镇”时,可与a/the等限定词连用。例如:
I go to the nearest town on foot.我走路去了最近的城镇。
The town lies among the mountains.这座小镇位于群山之中。
9.Is there a bank around here? 这周围有银行吗?
(1)bank n.银行;(河、湖等的)岸;堤
例如:I need to go to the bank at lunchtime.我需要利用午饭时间去趟银行。
They are walking along the bank of the river.他们正沿着河畔散步。
(2)around prep.在……附近;在……周围
例如:We sit around the table.我们围着桌子坐着。
★进阶层
around prep.常用于动词后,作状语,表示“到处;周围”。例如:
He goes into town and spends two hours walking around.他进了城,在周围转悠了2小时。
around adv.用在数字之前表示“大约”,与about同义。例如:
It takes me around/about ten minutes to get there.到达这里大约要花费10分钟。
He gets up at around half past six every day.他每天大约6点半起床。
10.It’s not too far from here.它离这儿不太远。
far from…离……远,相当于 far away from,通常不与具体数字连用,若出现具体数字,常用 away from。其反义短语为 close to 离……很近。例如:
My home is not far(away)from our school.我家离我们学校不远。
The station is two kilometers away from here.车站离这儿有两千米远。