8.3.3 Section B 知识要点
1.Just go along Bridge Street and turn left when you see the library.
就沿着大桥街走,当你看到图书馆时,向左拐。
(1)just adv.意为“就……;尽管……好了”,用在祈使句中。例如:
Just sit here and have a short break.就坐在这儿稍微休息一会儿吧。
If you have any problems,just tell me.如果你有什么困难,尽管告诉我。
(2)along prep.意为“沿着”,相当于down。
go along/down(the street)沿着(这条街)走
例如:We can walk along that street.我们可以沿着那条路走。
Walk along the street,and you’ll find the shop on your right.沿着这条街走,你会在你右边找到商店。
★进阶层
along adv.意为“向前;一同”,与动词连用时,与on同义,表示“向前移动”。例如:
Come along,Jack.杰克,一起来吧。
(3)turn left 向左转,left adv.向左边,其反义短语是turn right,“向右转”。例如:
Turn left and go along the street.向左转,然后沿着这条街直走。
(4)turn 作实义动词,意为“转向;转身;翻转;旋转”。例如:
He turns around and waves to us.他转身向我们招手。
I turn the key and open the door.我转动了钥匙,开了门。
★进阶层
turn 作连系动词,意为“变成”。例如:
Leaves turn yellow in autumn.秋天树叶变黄了。
turn n.(轮到的)机会,搭配:it’s one’s turn to do sth.。例如:
It’s your turn to do the cleaning.轮到你做清洁了。
2.Turn right at the first crossing and the restaurant is on your left.
在第一个十字路口向右拐,餐馆在你的左边。
(1)crossing n.十字路口
Turn right/left at the +序数词+crossing.
= Take the +序数词+ crossing on the right/left.在第几个十字路口向右/左转
例如:Turn left at the second crossing=Take the second the crossing on the left.
在第二个十字路口向左转。
(2)left n.左边
on one’s left 在某人的左边,on one’s right 在某人的右边
例如:Jerry is sitting on my left/right.杰瑞正坐在我的左边/右边。
3.There is a zoo in my neighborhood.在我家附近有一个动物园。
neighborhood n.街区;街坊
in the neighborhood 在附近,相当于 near here,in the neighborhood of… 在……的附近
例如:Excuse me,is there a restaurant in the neighborhood/near here? 打扰了,这附近有饭店吗?
There are lots of kids in my neighborhood.我住的街区有很多孩子。
★进阶层
某些名词+hood可以构成另一个意思相近的名词。neighbor(邻居)+ hood → neighborhood(街区;街坊)child(孩子)+ hood → childhood(幼年;童年)
4.I like to spend time there on weekends.我喜欢在那儿度过周末时光。
(1)spend time 度过时光;消磨时间
spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光
例如:I often spend time with my grandparents on weekends.周末,我经常和爷爷奶奶共度时光。
(2)spend vt.花(时间);花费(金钱)
例如:I spend half an hour at the station waiting for the train.我在火车站等车等了半个小时。
Viola spends a lot of money on clothes.薇奥拉在衣服上花销很大。
【辨析】
spend,cost,take与pay四个词都有“花费”之意,但用法不同,见表8.3。
表8.3 spend,cost,take与pay用法区别

I spend 10 dollars on the backpack.我买那个书包花了 10 美元。
= The backpack costs me 10 dollars.
= I pay 10 dollars for the backpack.
It takes her 2 hours to go to work every day.每天她花费 2 小时去上班。
5.I love to watch the monkeys climbing around.我喜欢看猴子们爬来爬去。
(1)辨析:watch…doing… 与 watch…do…
watch…doing…观看……正在做……,强调所做的事正在进行中;
watch…do… 观看……做……,强调所做的事经常发生。例如:
He watches his classmates playing badminton.他看着他的同学们在打羽毛球。
We can watch the kites fly in the sky.我们能够看到风筝在天上飞。
★进阶层(https://www.daowen.com)
与 watch 的用法类似的动词还有see,hear等。例如:
I hear someone playing the violin.我听见有人在拉小提琴
(2)climb v.爬
Can you climb up? 你能爬上去吗?
She doesn’t love climbing mountains.她不喜欢爬山。
Climbing trees is dangerous for kids.爬树对孩子来说不安全。
★进阶层
climber cn.登山者;攀登者
例如:He is a climber.He likes to climb mountains with other climbers on the weekend.
他是一名登山者。他喜欢周末和其他登山者一起爬山。
6.They look like my friends and me when we fight!他们看起来就像我和我的朋友们打闹时一样!
like prep.像,后可接名词、代词作宾语
look like 看起来像
例如:She looks like her mother.她看起来像她的母亲。
★进阶层
What does/do+主语+ look like? 意为“……长什么样?”,用来询问某人的外貌特征。例如:
What does your brother look like? 你的弟弟/哥哥长什么样?
He is short and heavy.他又矮又胖。
区分:
What does your brother like? 你的弟弟/哥哥喜欢什么? He likes collecting stamps.他喜欢集邮。
What’s your brother like? 你的弟弟/哥哥是个什么样的人? He is very kind.他很友好。
7.To get there, I usually walk out and turn right on Bridge Street.
要去那儿(动物园)的话,我通常步行外出,在大桥路向右拐。
这是英语行文的一种方式,即在句子的开头用 To do…短语,并用逗号将其与句子的主体部分隔开,相当于汉语“(若)要做……的话”。例如:
To learn English well,she needs a dictionary.要学好英语,他需要一本词典。
To get good grades,you should study hard.要想取得好成绩,你应该努力学习。
8.The best things in life are free! 生活中最美好的东西是免费的呀!
(1)in life 生活中;一生中,此处在句子中作定语,修饰名词 things。介词短语作定语往往后置。life un.一生;终生
例如:My best friend in life is Lisa.丽莎是我一生中最好的朋友。
He lives in the countryside all his life.他一生都住在乡下。
★进阶层
life cn.生活;生命
例如:They live a happy life.他们过着幸福的生活。
The man saves the girl’s life but he loses his own life.
这个男人挽救了这个女孩的生命,却献出了自己的生命。
(2)free adj.免费的
例如:I get some free cinema tickets.我得到了一些免费电影票。
The hotel provides a free breakfast.这家旅馆提供免费的早餐。
★进阶层
free adj.“有空的;空的”,其反义词为 busy,“繁忙的”。例如:
Are you free the day after tomorrow? 你后天有空吗?
free adj.自由的 n.freedom 自由
例如:The animals are not free in the zoo.动物园里的动物不自由。
9.To get to the park,you just have to cross Center Street.要去公园的话,你只要穿过中心街就到了。
have to“需要”,just have to“只要,仅需”,此处副词just 起加强语气的作用。例如:
Do I just have to do the housework? 我只需要做这些家务吗?
10.It is very quiet and I enjoy reading there.那儿很安静,我喜欢在那里看书。
enjoy vt.享受;喜爱
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
例如:We really enjoy that movie.我们真的很喜欢那部电影。
I enjoy meeting people and seeing new places.我愿意结识不同的人,见识没去过的地方。
★进阶层
enjoy oneself 玩得愉快,相当于 have a good time 或 have fun。
注意:enjoy后接反身代词时,反身代词应在人称和数上与 enjoy 的主语保持一致。例如:
They enjoyed themselves at the birthday party last Saturday.上周六他们在生日聚会上玩得很愉快。
11.You can get to the library easily.你可以很容易地到达图书馆。
easily adv.容易地,常用来修饰形容词或动词。
例如:They win the game quite easily.他们相当轻松地赢得比赛。
I think you can work out the physics problem easily.我认为你能容易地算出这道物理题。
This question is easy,and I can answer it easily.这个问题很简单,我可以很容易地回答出来。