桓仁林蛙Rana huanrenensis
地方名:石蛤蟆
形态特征:雄蛙体长39~47mm,雌蛙体长42~49mm。体形较小,头宽扁,吻端略钝圆,略凸出于下唇,吻棱较明显,鼓膜圆而较小,犁骨齿列短,呈两斜列,背侧褶与中国林蛙相似;后肢较长,贴体前伸时胫跗关节可达鼻孔。皮肤较光滑,背面及体侧的疣粒小而稀少;腹面皮肤光滑,疣粒细小。雄性无声囊,第一指灰褐色婚垫可分为4团。生活时雄蛙体背面多为绿褐色或棕褐色,雌蛙为棕红色或棕褐色,两眼之间常有一块黑褐色横斑;头背及背侧褶色较深。腹面咽、胸部为土灰色,密布黑斑点,腹部乳黄色或乳白色,散有稀疏小黑点。
生活习性:生活于海拔200~900m的山地,活动于河流附近草丛和山林下。10月进入河道缓流区域冬眠,翌年4月初出眠后进入繁殖期,卵团黏附于河流石块下。
地理分布:见于吉林长白山和辽宁东部;国外分布于朝鲜半岛。
环渤海地区分布:见于辽宁(桓仁、宽甸)。
生存现状:易危(VU)。该蛙分布于东北林蛙养殖区域,常被作为东北林蛙生存的竞争种被捕捉,并在当地农贸市场等地有出售,野外种群发展不容乐观。
Anura Ranidae Rana
13.Rana huanrenensis
Description Adult males SVL normally up to 39-47mm, females up to 42-49mm; small size.Head broad, flattened; snout tip is blunt and round, longer than the lower lip; canthus rostrals obvious; rounded and smaller tympanums; short vomerine teeth in diagonal shaped;the dorsolateral folds are similar to Rana chensinesis; hindlimbs long; the tibio-tarsal articulation reaching the nostril.Skin is smooth, with a few small warts on the dorsum and the lateral.Males don't have vocal sacs, with 4 warty gray brown nuptial pads on finger I.Males' dorsums are most green brown or tan; females have reddish brown or tan with a black brown transverse spot between the eyes; dark head, dorsum and the dorsolateral folds; grey throat and thorax, with lots of black spots; creamy yellow or milky belly has black spots.
Behaviour Rana huanrenensis live in elevations above 200-900m in the mountainous area, acting in the grass or under the tree near the streams.They start to hibernate in the slow-moving streams in October.After finishing their hibernating in early April, they start to breed, laying their eggs on the stones in the streams.
Distribution China: Baishan, Jilin Province and east of Liaoning Province.At abroad:Korean Peninsula.Distribution around Bohai Sea: in Liaoning Province (Huanren and Kuandian).
Conservation Vulnerable (VU).Considered as the competitive species of Rana dybowskii, Rana huanrenensis widely live in the breeding area of Rana dybowskii and are sold in markets.The development of their wild population is not optimistic.