昆嵛林蛙Rana kunyuensis
地方名：蛤蟆
形态特征：雄蛙体长41mm左右，雌蛙45mm左右。头长大于宽，吻端钝尖，吻棱明显，鼓膜圆形，犁骨齿两小团，呈椭圆形，背侧褶与中国林蛙相似；后肢修长，贴体前伸时胫跗关节可达鼻孔。皮肤较光滑，背面及体侧的疣粒小而稀少；腹面皮肤光滑，疣粒细小。雄性无声囊，第一指灰褐色婚垫，基部可分为2团。生活时最明显的特征是上唇缘呈醒目的金黄色或浅黄色。体色有一定变化，体和四肢背面呈淡橘黄色或灰黄色，四肢腹面肉红色，雄性腹面白色而无斑，雌性腹面有棕红色网斑状，部分个体背后部和体侧小疣粒红色，四肢有浅褐色横纹或不显。
生活习性：生活于海拔200～600m的山地，活动于河流附近草丛和山林下。10月底进入河道缓流区域或水塘冬眠，翌年2月末出眠后进入繁殖期，卵团漂浮于水面。
地理分布：中国特有种，仅见于山东省。
环渤海地区分布：仅见于山东（烟台、威海）。
生存现状：易危（VU），近年来，该蛙分布区内出现大量养殖逃逸的牛蛙，对野外种群造成一定影响。
Anura Ranidae Rana
14.Rana kunyuensis
Description Adult males SVL normally up to 41mm, females up to 45mm; HL longer than HW; snout tip prominent; canthus rostrals are obvious; two oval round vomerine teeth; the dorsolateral folds are similar to rana chensinesis; hindlimbs long; the tibio-tarsal articulation reaching the nostril.Skin is smooth, with a few small warts on the dorsum and the lateral.Males don't have vocal sac, with 2 nuptial pads on finger I.Edge of upper lip striking golden or light yellow.Body color variable, light orange or grayish yellow back of the body and the limbs, fresh pink inner of limbs; males have white belly, no spots; females have brownish red belly with reticular banded, small red warts on some individuals' dorsum and the lateral; light brown transverse stripes or without obvious stripes on the limbs.
Behaviour Rana kunyuensis live in elevations above 200-600m in the mountainous area,acting in the grass or under the tree.They hibernate in the slow-moving streams or ponds at the end of October and breed at the end of February.Their egg regiment float on the water.
Distribution Native to China; China: Shandong Province.Distribution around Bohai Sea:only in Shandong Province (Yantai, Weihai).
Conservation Vulnerable (VU).The alien species have caused the invasion of Rana kunyuensis in Shandong Province, which has effect on the population of Rana kunyuensis.
