东北粗皮蛙Glandirana emeljanovi
地方名：铁蛤蟆、石蛤蟆
形态特征：雄性体长43mm左右，雌性55mm左右。头长与宽几乎相等，吻端钝尖，鼓膜相对较大，犁骨齿两小团；皮肤粗糙，体背面、侧面和四肢背面密布疣粒，体背的较大疣粒密集形成粗短的纵行肤棱，四肢背面有细肤棱，腹面密布扁平疣粒；后肢较粗壮，贴体前伸时胫跗关节可达眼中部。雄性有一对咽侧内声囊，第一指婚垫灰色。生活时，体背面为土黄色或黄褐色，并杂有黑斑；体腹面灰色，胸部和腹两侧黄色；四肢背面有深色横纹，后肢腹面为浅黄色，并杂有灰色斑；上唇缘有黑色纵条纹。
生活习性：生活于海拔200～580m的丘陵地区，多栖息在稻田、水流缓慢的河流、流溪及沟渠边。受到惊吓后常蜷缩躯体，作假死状。9月下旬陆续入水冬眠，翌年6月开始繁殖。白天常隐伏于石下、石缝内及水下，翻动石块时常受惊跃入水中。夜晚活动，以各种小型无脊椎动物为食。
地理分布：东北亚特有种，国内见于东北三省；国外分布于俄罗斯东部沿海地区和朝鲜半岛。
环渤海地区分布：见于辽宁东部。
生存现状：易危（VU）。
Anura Ranidae Glandirana
17.Glandirana emeljanovi
Description Adult males SVL normally up to 43mm, females up to 55mm; HL equals to HW; obtuse snout tip; tympanums bigger; two round vomerines.Skin is rough; lots of warts on the dorsum, lateral and limbs.Bigger warts on the back form the stubby vertebral skin ribs; small skin ribs also appear on the outer of limbs; lots of flattened warts on the belly;stubby hindlimbs; the tibio-tarsal articulation reaching the eye.Males have vocal sac, gray nuptial pads on finger I.Skin varies in color, khaki and yellowish-brown body with black spots; gray belly; thorax and both sides of the belly are yellow; the back of the limbs have dark transverse lines; light yellow inner rare legs with gray spots; a black vertebral stripes on the upper lip's edge.
Behaviour Glandirana emeljanovi live in mountains and hills with elevations from 200m to 580m, staying near the rice paddies and slow-moving streams.When they are threatened,they would curl up and feign death.They hibernate under the water at the end of September and breed in June.They normally hide under the stones and water during the day and when the stones are moved, they will jump into the water frightenedly.They prefer coming out at night, feed on small invertebrates.
Distribution Only in Northeast Asia, China: Heilogjiang Province, Jilin Province and Liaoning Province.At abroad: east coas of Russia and Korean Peninsula.Distribution around Bohai Sea: in the east of Liaoning Province.
Conservation Vulnerable (VU).
