棕黑锦蛇Elaphe schrenckii
地方名：乌虫、乌松
形态特征：体型较大，成体全长1000～2200mm。头略扁平，颈不明显，吻端钝圆。幼体与成体色斑差异极大，幼体时，唇部白色，唇鳞后缘为黑色，眼后有一条深褐色眉纹。背面深褐色，体尾背面具数十个边缘为黑色的黑褐色横斑。成体后，唇部黄色，唇鳞后缘为黑色，体尾背面黑色，自颈后至尾具有数十个黄色窄横斑。体尾腹面黄色，散以黑色色斑。上唇鳞8枚，呈3-2-3式，下唇鳞10枚。背鳞多为23-23-19行。腹鳞219～224枚，尾下鳞57～75对，肛鳞二分。
生活习性：生活于近水森林，废弃房舍、农田、桥下、山地及平原草丛中。尤其喜欢活动于林中倒木、房舍等处。行动缓慢，性情温和，很少咬人。以食鼠类为主，亦食鸟和鸟卵。卵生，多在林间倒木之间洞中产卵，7月下旬至8月上旬产卵，每产12～21枚。
地理分布：国内分布于东北三省和内蒙古东部；国外分布于俄罗斯远东地区、蒙古国东部和朝鲜半岛。
环渤海地区分布：辽宁。
生存现状：易危（VU）。
Squamata Colubridae Elaphe
46.Elaphe schrenckii
Description Adults up to 1,000-2,200mm in TOL, body size is relatively large.Head is slightly flattened; neck is not distinct; snout is blunt and round.Extremely big difference between juvenile's and adult's spots; juvenile lip is white with black rear edge of labials; one dark brown supercilium at the back of eyes.Body dorsum color is dark brown; body and tail dorsum have dozens of blackish brown lateral spots with black edges.Adult's lip is yellow,and the rear edge of labials is black; the body dorsum is black; dozens of yellow narrow lateral spots are arranged from the back of the neck to the tail; ventral and tail are yellow,with sparse black spots; 8 supralabials are arranged in 3-2-3 rows and 10 infralabials;dorsal scales are arranged mostly in 23-23-19 rows; 219-224 ventral scales; 57-75 subcaudals; two anal plates on the anus.
Behaviour Elaphe schrenckii live in the forests near the water, abandoned houses,farmland, under bridges, mountains and grass on the plains, and they especially prefer activities in the fallen trees in the forest, houses and other places.They move slowly, with mild temper, rarely bite people.They mainly feed on rats and mice, also eat birds and bird eggs.Most of them lay eggs in the holes between the fallen trees in the forest.They prawn from late July to early August, and lay 12-21 eggs at a time.
Distribution China: in Heilogjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and the east of Inner Mongolia.At abroad: in the east of Mongolia and the Korean Peninsula.Distribution around Bohai sea: in Liaoning Province.
Conservation Vulnerable (VU).
