青环海蛇Hydrophis cyanocinctus
地方名：海长虫
形态特征：头中等大小，体后部侧扁，尾侧扁。鼻孔背位，有瓣膜，无鼻间鳞。眼小，瞳孔圆形。体全长1500mm，最长可达2000mm。头背黄橄榄色，眼后及颞部有黄斑。体背深灰色，腹面黄橄榄色，具青黑色环纹48～80个，环纹在背部宽而色深，腹部窄，体侧最窄而色浅。腹鳞部分呈黑色。上唇鳞多7枚，呈2-2-3式，下唇鳞9枚。背鳞30-42-35行，呈覆瓦状排列，前1/6段微起棱，向后棱渐增强，直到尾端都起棱，在最粗体段的背鳞略呈圆形，腹鳞小，332～364枚，尾下鳞36～41对，肛鳞2～3片。
生活习性：生活于海水中，以鳗类为食，卵胎生，9月产仔，每产3～15条。
地理分布：国内分布于自辽东湾以南的东部沿海地区及附近海域；国外分布于由波斯湾经印度半岛沿海到日本及印度尼西亚、澳大利亚海域。
环渤海地区分布：辽宁沿海（大连）、山东沿海、河北沿海（黄骅）、天津沿海（滨海新区）。
生存现状：近危（NT）。
Squamata Elapidae Hydrophis
64.Hydrophis cyanocinctus
Description Adults up to 1,500mm TOL, the longest one is up to 2,000mm TOL.Head is medium-sized; neck is not obvious; rear body is flat; nostrils on the back, with valve but no scales; eyes are small; pupils are round; head dorsum is yellowish olive with yellow spots at the back of eyes and temple.Dorsum is dark grey; ventral is yellowish olive, with 48-80 lividity bands; wide and dark bands on the dorsum; narrow ventral; the narrowest body side is in light colore; black scales on the ventral; 7 supralabials are arranged in 2-2-3 rows and 9 infralabials.Dorsal scales are arranged in 30-42-35 rows; the first 1/6 dorsal scales are slightly ribbed, become more ribbed backwards to the tail end; dorsal scales on the broadest body are in round shape; 332-364 ventral scales are small; 36-41 pairs of subcaudals; 2-3 anal plates on the anus.
Behaviour Hydrophis cyanocinctus live in the sea and feed on fish.This species is ovoviviparous.They spawn in September and produce about 3-15 eggs at a time.
Distribution Known in the southern coasts of Liaoning Province and east China; in the coasts from the Persian Gulf, Indian Peninsula to Japan, Indonesia and Australia at abroad.Distribution around Bohai Sea: in the coasts of Liaoning Province (Dalian), the coasts of Shandong Province, the coast of Hebei Province (Huanghua) and the coasts of Tianjin.
Conservation Near Threatened (NT).