六、结语
适当的碘营养状态对母亲及胎儿健康非常重要。碘缺乏可引起一系列不可逆的危害。考虑到妊娠期碘需求量的增加，应当进行适当补碘，并进行常规监测以确保碘适量。同时，虽然碘过量并不十分常见，但也应当避免。在未来，期待有更多研究探讨不同碘历史及碘背景的人群妊娠期轻中度碘缺乏的潜在影响，以及为碘摄入量正常上限的制定提供更多信息。
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