1.概括段

讨论的第一段对本研究进行概括（recap），重新向读者介绍本研究的目的（内容）或说明本研究的新颖性，进而引出主要研究发现，最后说明本研究的意义。如示例2-66所示，本段第1句话，既说明了本研究的新颖性（To our knowledge，this is the first study），又给出了研究的主要目的/内容；第2句话对主要研究发现进行了总结；第3句话突出本研究对未来临床实践的指导，体现了研究意义。

示例2-66　讨论概括段举例1

Discussion

To our knowledge，this is the first study describing MCC patient self-care and care partner contributions to self-care and determinants of self-care while controlling for interdependence within the dyads.Our findings confirm the need to adopt a dyadic perspective when assessing self-care and its determinants，since we found that the characteristics of a member of the dyad can influence the self-care behaviors of the other.Routine assessment of such determinants could facilitate the early detection of MCC dyads at risk of engaging in poor self-care.(https://www.daowen.com)

当然，如果不确定本研究是否是第一个，还可以这么写：To the best of our knowledge，this study was among the first that...。不是所有研究都具有特别突出的创新性；此时，可以采用另外一种概括方式。如示例2-67所示，本段第1句话重新回顾了研究目的；第2句话给出了研究假设；进而引出第3句话，即研究主要发现。

示例2-67　讨论概括段举例2

Discussion

The aim of this study was to examine sleep duration trajectories over a 28-year period and their relationship with measures of cognition，gray matter volume，and white matter microstructure.We hypothesized that consistently meeting recommendations for sleep duration（i.e.，self-reporting a minimum of 7 hours sleep per night）would be favorably associated with cognition，gray matter volume and white matter microstructure，compared with consistently not meeting the guidelines or transitioning in and out of the guidelines over time.In contrast to our hypotheses，our results did not show any differences in cognitive measures，gray matter volume，or white matter microstructure between different sleep trajectory groups.