局部血管扩张药物
1.硫酸镁 有直接扩张平滑肌的作用,故能扩张血管。在显微外科手术中,常用其10%水溶液冲洗或湿敷血管局部,可起预防或解除痉挛的作用。
2.罂粟碱液 有直接扩张平滑肌的作用,常用3%水溶液或局部温湿敷血管,最好采用血管外膜注射,效果更好。
3.利多卡因(赛罗卡因) 为神经阻滞麻醉药。因阻断神经反射弧,使阻滞的节后血管处于扩张状态。显微外科手术中常用1%~2%溶液冲洗或湿敷于血管局部,有较好的预防和解除痉挛的作用。
(王谦军 范启申)
参考文献
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