Notre Dame de Paris：The Birthplace of Great Lit...
Notre Dame de Paris is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paris, and the masterpiece of Gothic architecture of France. The Virgin is referring to Jesus'mother, the Virgin Mary.
巴黎圣母院大教堂是天主教巴黎总教区的主教座堂，也是法国哥特式建筑的旷世杰作，圣母指的是耶稣的母亲——圣母玛丽亚。
●The Enduring Architectures for Two Centuries 两个世纪的旷世建筑
Notre Dame de Paris lies on the Ile De Cite in River Seine in the central Paris. The French originally called it Notre Dame.It means"our lady"who is the mother of Jesus, the Virgin Mary.Notre Dame is a symbol of Paris.With its unique status and historical value, it is one of the most splendid buildings in French history.
Notre Dame de Paris was founded in 1163 and completed in 1345. The church was the meeting place for European craftsmen and educational organizations.Because of these historical origins, the most famous Sorbonne University in Paris is located here.It is the Gothic architectural style, the sculpture and painting and a large number of artistic treasures that makes it famous.It flashes the French people's wisdom, reflects people's pursuit of a better life.
The famous French writer Victor Hugo once made the most poetic description in his novel Notre Dame de Paris. The book was published in1831，causing a lot of feedback.Many people wanted to rebuild the dilapidated Notre Dame, and initiated a fund-raising program to reproduce the long-lost glory of Notre Dame.
巴黎圣母院坐落于巴黎市中心塞纳河中的西岱岛上。圣母院的法文原名“Notre Dame”的意思是“我们的女士”，这位女士指的就是耶稣的母亲圣母玛丽亚。巴黎圣母院是古老巴黎的象征，它的地位和历史价值无与伦比，是法国历史上最为辉煌的建筑之一。
现在的巴黎圣母院于1163年开始建造，1345年完工。它曾经是全欧洲工匠组织和教育组织集会的地方，它这些历史渊源让巴黎最著名的索邦大学也坐落在这里。哥特式的建筑风格，独特的雕刻和绘画艺术，以及大量的艺术珍品，让这座教堂闻名于世。它闪烁着法国人民的智慧，反映了法国人民对美好生活的向往与追求。
法国著名作家维克多·雨果曾在他的小说《巴黎圣母院》中对圣母院作过最充满诗意的描绘。1831年小说出版，引起了很大的反响，许多人都希望修建当时残旧的圣母院，并且发起募捐计划，让圣母院重现久违的光彩。
●The Most Beautiful and Harmonious Architectural Attractions 最和谐美妙的建筑景点
Notre Dame is one of the world's most beautiful, harmonious and horizontal Gothic buildings. The Plan of Notre Dame is a short cross, looking very majestic and solemn.Above the atrium, there is a 90-meter minaret.The top of the tower is a slender cross.It is said that the cross and the crown was sealed in the ball below the cross when Jesus tortured.
The story of"the last judgement"about Jesus in heaven is described on the central arch. It is shown the story of Santa Ana on the right side of the arch, and the Bishop Sully baptized Louis VII.On the left, there is the Virgin door, described the situation of virgin's passion and resurrection and the saints and angels around her.The Kings'Gallery is above the arch and there are displayed 28 king statues during the Old Testament.
On both sides of the second floor above the corridor there are two huge stone lattice windows, and in the middle there are the colorful glass windows, which are called the beautiful"rose glass windows". The magnificent colorful glass depicts the stories of the Bible and the previous clergy used those images to preach.The statue fo the virgin and children is in the central, and the angels are on the sides.The statues of Adam and Eve are standing on both sides of them.On the third floor, there are a row of arched and carved stone railings.In this design, Viollet-le-Duc showed fully his imagination.In those stone railings, he created a fantasy world in which some monsters and fairies appear in every corner of the church.
巴黎圣母院是世界上哥特式建筑中最美妙、最和谐、最匀称的。圣母院平面呈较短的十字形，结构严谨，看上去十分雄伟庄严。中庭的上方有一个高达90米的尖塔。塔顶是一个细长的十字架，据说，耶稣受刑时所用的十字架及冠冕就在这个十字架下面的球内封存着。
中央的拱门描述的是耶稣在天庭的“最后审判”。右边的拱门描述的是圣安娜的故事，以及大主教许里为路易七世受洗的情形。左边是圣母门，描绘圣母受难复活、被圣者和天使围绕的情形。拱门上方为众王廊，陈列旧约时期28位君王的雕像。
长廊上面第二层两侧为两个巨大的石质中棂窗子，中间是彩色玻璃窗。这就是美丽的“玫瑰玻璃窗”。这富丽堂皇的彩色玻璃刻画着一个个的动人的圣经故事，以前的神职人员借由这些图像来做传道之用。中央供奉着圣母圣婴，两边立着天使的塑像。两侧立的是亚当和夏娃的塑像。第三层是一排细长的雕花拱形石栏杆。在这个设计中，瓦雷里充分发挥了自己的想象力。在那些石栏杆上，他塑造了一个虚幻的世界，在那里一些怪物和小精灵出现在教堂的各个角落里。
●Hugo and his Soul Novel Notre Dame de Paris 雨果和他的心灵之作《巴黎圣母院》
Hugo is one of Romantic literary movement leaders and humanitarian representatives in the 19th century, known as the"Shakespeare of France". Notre Dame de Paris is his first major romantic novel.He wrote the 15th-century story in France by a writing technique called quirkiness and comparison：
Claude, the priest of Notre Dame de Paris adopted a ugly and deaf man called Cacimodo and let him be a bell ringer. Claude fell into love with a beautiful Gypsy girl called Esmeralda.He ordered Cacimodo to abduct Esmeralda.On the way, Esmeralda was rescued by Forbes, a cavalry captain.Then Esmeralda fell in love with Forbes.Claude hatred and killed Forbes, and put the blame on Esmeralda.Esmeralda was sentenced to death but Cacimodo rescued and hid her in the Notre Dame de Paris.Later, Esmeralda was hanged by the army led by Claude on the square.Claude was fell down the ground from the top floor of the church by Cacimodo angrily.At last, Cacimodo hugged Esmeralda and died for love.
雨果是19世纪浪漫主义文学运动领袖，人道主义的代表人物，被人们称为“法兰西的莎士比亚”。《巴黎圣母院》是他的第一部大型浪漫主义小说。它以离奇和对比的手法写了一个发生在15世纪法国的故事：
巴黎圣母院的神甫克洛德收养了丑聋人卡西莫多，让他做撞钟人。克洛德爱上了吉卜赛少女艾丝美拉达，于是指使卡西莫多强行掳走艾丝美拉达，途中被骑兵上尉队长弗比斯所救，艾丝美拉达爱上了弗比斯。克洛德怀恨在心，刺杀弗比斯，并嫁祸于艾丝美拉达。艾丝美拉达被判死刑，卡西莫多救了艾丝美拉达并将她藏在圣母院中。后来，艾丝美拉达被由克洛德带领的军队绞杀在广场上，卡西莫多愤然将克洛德从教堂顶楼摔落地下，最后，卡西莫多抚着艾丝美拉达的尸体殉情。