开头段的写作技巧
开头段是全文的引言,既要点题、表明观点,又要为中间核心段的具体论述做好铺垫但是一定要新颖、独特,切忌离题太远,内容空洞无物,讲了半天,读者还不知道你要说什么。因此,一篇好的文章开头一般具有以下几个特点。
一是新,即新颖,它可以是内容上的新颖也可以是形式上的新颖。
二是奇,就是奇特,通过超常规的东西来吸引读者。
三是险,指的是惊险,这特别表现在文艺作品的开头。
四是深,指深刻,要具有哲理深度或含蓄深邃。
五是美,指优美,特别体现在情感的抒发和风景的描绘上。
六是引人入胜,扣人心弦,尽可能吸引读者的注意力。尽管文章的开头可以各显神通。
七是简明扼要。
开头段的作用是表达观点、开启话题,为下文的论述作准备,因此,如果有要陈述的论据,务必要简单明晰,切中要害,切忌啰唆。
具体到考博英语的写作,三段论的写法可以归结为:
第一段开篇提出作者的观点。
第二段过渡并承接上文,引证种种例子,进一步论证作者之观点(也可以引证相反的观点及论据,据此从反面论证某一观点的必要性)。
第三段总结全文的观点,提出作者的基本主张和看法。
具体来说,文章的开头可以有以下几种写法:
1.以格言、引语开头
Time
Time and tide wait for no man.This is a proverb we learned in high school.Simple as it is,it tells an everlasting truth of life.Time never stops for anyone or anything,so all have to surrender to its quick-passing steps.The pressing problem then is how to makegood use of it?
People may have different attitudes to it.
2.以定义法开头
Hope
What is hope?According to the Greek and Roman mythology,hope is the last thing that is left in Pandora's box.It is something that always stays with people no matter what kind of misfortune has happened,and encourages people to fight with the misfortune until the last moment.Anyone who has some experiences will agree that life is hard.
3.以开宗明义、直抒胸臆的句子开头(https://www.daowen.com)
On Books
Books are of various kinds and have different contents.We have history books recording past events,geography books decipting the earth,language books dealing with the means of communication and literary books reflecting social problems.In a word,we have various books tackling different occurrence in the world.Then,what is the function of reading?
4.以数字开头
According to a recent survey,about 78.9%of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.
5.现象法开头
Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertisements
Nowadays,it is difficult to find a public place without advertisements.We read ads in the press,watch them on the television,and hear them over the radio.Even when we watch a ball game,ads will meet our eyes.
6.以扣人心弦的故事材料开头
I still vividly remember that painful Friday afternoon 10 years ago.I was detained by my Chinese teacher until mid-night simply because I failed to recite the text.The torturing experience makes me believe that rote learning has little positive effect in the modern education system.
7.以引用语开头
Once a Thief,Always a Thief
“Be careful of him.Maybe he will steal something from you.He was once a thief.”We often hear others talking about somebody like this.People often do not believe a person who has once been a thief.But if one person has once been a thief,is he always a thief?
Some people believe that once a person has committed some kind of crime,he will never be a respectable man.They think his former misbehavior is rooted deeply in his heart.
8.以记叙开始
My Teaching Experience
After teaching three years in Shanghai,I decided to go to a remote area.I finallymade it.I have always thought that experts should be sent not only to big towns where there are a lot of opportunities to talk to English speakers,but also to remote areas.My experiences in Nanping,Fujian strengthened my opinions.
As I have mentioned above,I recently spent a month in Nanping,teaching English to teachers of English from northern Fujian.It was an experience that I would never forget.
9.提出问题式开头
Hobbies
What do you think of the role of hobbies in your daily life?Do you have any hobbies?It's well-known that hobbies can enrich our spare time,mold our characters and free us from the severe pressure deriving from the competition concerning work and study as well.
Different people have different hobbies.Some people like active hobbies,that is,sports such as playing football or basketball,jogging,swimming and skating.