各类功能句常规写法
1 概述现象段
1）概述现象
①Nowadays，there follows a craze for diplomas and certificates in our society.
现在，社会上流行一股文凭热。
②Nowadays，we often hear people’s complaints about dishonesty.
现在，我们经常听到人们抱怨不诚实的现象。
③With the development of market economy，fake commodities are becoming a more and more serious problem.
随着市场经济的发展，假冒伪劣商品越来越成为一个问题。
④In the past two decades，China has experienced an alarming increase in teenage smoking.
在过去的20年中，中国青少年的吸烟人数有了惊人的上升。
⑤In recent years，there has been a dramatic increase in the number of school dropouts in the countryside.
近年来，农村辍学人数急剧上升。
⑥As the socialist market economy in China is expanding，education is becoming more closely related to the market.
随着社会主义市场经济在中国的发展，教育与市场的关系正变得越来越密切。
⑦The early 90’s saw an unprecedented tide of the workers flooding into big cities.
90年代初期出现了涌入城市的民工大潮，其势头前所未有。
⑧In the past three decades，China has witnessed dramatic improvement in the living standard of people.
在过去的30年里，中国人的生活水平有了巨大的改善。
⑨Ever since the beginning of market economy，advertisements has become an essential part of our daily life.
从市场经济初期开始，广告就已经成为我们日常生活中必不可少的一部分。
⑩Nowadays many young people prefer to stay single instead of getting married.
现在，许多年轻人宁愿单身而不愿意结婚。
（11）With banks’more focus on college market，an increasing number of college students have applied for a credit card and begun to consume by it.
随着银行对大学市场给予更多的关注，越来越多的大学生申请并开始使用信用卡。
（12）As more people focus on health diet，green food has begun to draw more and more attention from the public.
随着更多的人开始关注健康饮食，绿色食品已经引起了越来越多公众的注意。
2）具体描述现象表现
①Nowadays，we can easily find all kinds of computers everywhere，especially in large cities.
现在，我们随处都可以很容易地找到各种各样的计算机，尤其是在大城市。
②In the old days only national leaders visited foreign countries.Nowadays mutual visits between nations have been extended to the provincial or municipal level.
过去只有国家领导人之间会互访，现在国家间的互访已经扩展到省、市级别。
③Grain，which used to be the main food of most people in China，is now playing a less important role in people’s diet.
谷物过去是中国大多数人的主要食物，如今在人们的饮食结构中所占的地位正在下降。
④On the other hand，the consumption of high-nutrition food such as milk and meat has increased rapidly.
另一方面，人们对牛奶、肉类等高营养食物的消费却迅速增加。
⑤Sports are so popular on campus that they have become an indispensable part of college education.
体育运动在校园里非常受欢迎，已经成为大学教育不可或缺的一部分。
⑥Almost every day we can see flashing fire engines rushing through the streets with their horns blaring.
几乎每一天我们都能看到灯光闪动的消防车鸣着笛冲过街道。
⑦Miss Li’s case is not unique，and now more and more city adults spend their leisure time trying to improve themselves at night school or college.
李小姐的情况并不是特例，现在越来越多城里的成年人利用他们的业余时间参加夜校来提高自己。
⑧We are surprised to learn that a pop singer can make over 100 thousand for one performance，while an average farmer may take several years to earn that much.
我们很惊奇地发现，一个流行歌手一次演出就能够赚到10万块，而一个普通的农民需要几年才能赚到这些钱。
⑨What amazes us most is that some fake commodities are quite similar to the real ones.
让我们感到非常惊奇的是，一些假货造得和真货很像。
⑩The schoolbags on their shoulders are getting heavier and heavier，and the hours spent on homework longer and longer.
他们肩上的书包越来越重，他们花在作业上的时间越来越多。
⑪ Nowadays there are more and more secondhand goods in the market，such as secondhand books，furniture，appliances，cars，and so on.
现在，市场上有越来越多的二手商品，例如二手书、二手家具、二手电器、二手车等。
2 描写图表段
1）概述图表
①As is indicated/revealed/showed in the（above）graph，there have been some obvious changes in the diet of the Chinese.
正如图表所示，中国人的饮食结构已经发生了明显的变化。
②According to the figures given in the table，online shopping is becoming more and more popular/gaining more and more popularity.
根据表格中给出的数据，网上购物正变得越来越流行。
③As the survey results show，life expectancy in developing countries has increased a lot in the past 3 decades.
正如调查结果显示，在过去的30年里，发展中国家的人均寿命已经提高了很多。
④This two charts give us a general illustration of the distribution of family income in country A and country B.(https://www.daowen.com)
这两张图为我们概括地描述了A、B两国的家庭收入分配情况。
⑤It can be seen from the statistics that the world’s population is growing steadily at a tremendous rate.
从统计数据可以看出，世界人口正在稳定地持续大幅度增长。
⑥From the above chart，we can see clearly that the enrollment of Chinese universities has been on the rise in recent years.
从上图我们可以很明显地看出，近年来中国大学的招生人数一直在增长。
2）概述图画
①As is described/showed in the picture，a group of students are raising their hands to give answers to the question in a joyful and active way.
正像图画中描述/显示的那样，一群兴高采烈的学生正在积极地举手回答问题。
②As is vividly depicted in the picture，lots of people suffer from“smart phone addiction”.
正如图片中生动描述的那样，许多人患有“智能手机成瘾症”。
③As can be seen from the picture，a girl receiving the university admission notice is stopped by her father.
正像我们从图画中所看到的，一个女孩收到了大学录取通知书，却被自己的父亲阻止。
④Just as is revealed in the picture above，many people are so addicted to the Internet that they neglect the real world.
正如上图所揭示的那样，许多人十分沉迷网络，达到忽略现实世界的地步。
⑤The purpose of the picture is to show us the importance of cooperation.
这幅图的目的是为了给我们展示合作的重要性。
⑥We can see from this picture that/From the picture above，we can see that two teachers are talking about how to get students’attention.
从这幅图中我们可以看到，两个老师正在就如何引起学生的注意展开讨论。
⑦The cartoon vividly illustrates/demonstrates the fact that today’s children lack independence.
这幅卡通画生动地揭示了如今的孩子们缺乏独立性的现实。
⑧The picture describes a prevailing phenomenon that some people simply go online for the answer to everything，and neglect the importance of independent thinking.
图片描述了一个当前流行的现象：一些人一味地通过上网寻找解答任何问题的方法，忽视了独立思考的重要性。
⑨In this picture，we are surprised to see a bird is standing firmly and erectly against the snowstorm.
在图画中我们惊奇地看到，一只小鸟在暴风雪中屹立不动。
⑩Looking at the picture，we can’t help thinking of more and more serious problem of food safety.
这幅图片让我们不禁想到越来越严重的食品安全问题。
（11）The drawer reminds us of a common social phenomenon.
图画的作者提醒了我们一个普遍的社会现象。
（12）This picture sets me thinking for a long time.
这幅图让我思考良多。
3）具体描述图表数据
①From 1997 to 2002，there is a rapid/dramatic/abrupt rise/increase in the use of the computers.
从1997年到2002年，在计算机的使用方面有了快速/巨大/急剧的增加。
②During the past decade，the price of computers has declined/decreased/fell/dropped markedly.
在过去的10年里，计算机的价格明显下降了。
③Only 5 years later，the number increased to 100，000.
仅仅5年，这个数字就上升到了10万。
④The figure has nearly doubled/tripled，as against that of last year.
与去年相比，这个数字几乎上涨到去年的两倍/三倍。
⑤The number is 3 times as much as that of last year.
数量是去年的3倍。
⑥According to the figures given in the table，since 1996，the amount of money spent on food had decreased gradually，accounting for 35 percent in 2000.
根据表格中的数据，从1996年起，人们在食品上的消费开始逐渐下降，到2000年已经下降到了35%。
⑦From the chart，an increasing number of people would rather choose self-help tour than follow a tour group.
从图表中来看，越来越多的人宁愿选择自助游而不愿跟团旅行。
⑧In 1995，the number of people traveling abroad was only about 10，000.However，5 years later，it increased to nearly 40，000，and by 2005，the number had reached over 120，000，which was more than ten times than ten years ago.
1995年，出国旅行的人数只有1万人，然而，5年以后，这个数字就增加到了4万，到了2005年，出国旅行的人数已经超过了12万，比10年前的10倍还要多。
⑨The proportion of grain which used to be the main food of the Chinese people has decreased by 4%.In contrast，the proportion of milk and meat in people’s diet has increased.
过去在中国人的饮食中占据主体地位的谷物的比例下降了4%，与之形成对比的是，牛奶和肉类在人们饮食中的比例却增加了。
⑩By comparison with/Compared with 2 years ago，this figure has increased from less than 1.5 million to nearly 3.4 million.
与两年前相比，这一数字已经从不到150万增加到了将近340万。
（11）It is obvious that there is a sharp rise in TV-watchers from about 60 thousand to 90 thousand，while a great fall in filmgoers during the same period.
很显然，看电视的人数迅速增加，从大约6万人上升到9万人，然而，在同一时期看电影的人数则有了大幅度的下降。
（12）An average family in country A has to spend 87%of its yearly income on housing and food while a family in country B only spends 58%.
A国普通家庭年收入的87%都用于住房和食品，而在B国这一部分的消费只占58%。
（13）As indicated by the date given in the graph，life expectancy in developing countries has climbed from about 40 years in the 1960’s to about 60 in the 1990’s，increasing by 20 years within 3 decades.
正像图表中数据所显示的，发展中国家的人均寿命已经从20世纪60年代的40岁攀升到20世纪90年代的60岁，也是说，在30年间提高了20岁。
（14）It can also be seen，as a sharp contrast，that there was a sharp drop in infant mortality，by 15%，from 250 deaths per 1000 births to about 100 deaths per 1000 during the same period.
我们也能够看出，与此形成鲜明对比的是，同一时期的婴儿死亡率却下降了15%，从每1000个婴儿中死亡250个下降到大约100个。